Post on 10-Dec-2014
description
Introduction to Cloud Computing
Prof. Shie-Jue Lee
Dept. of Electrical Engineering
National Sun Yat-sen University
Cloud Computing
“It’s one of the foundations of the next generation of computing. . .. It’s a world where the network is the platform for all computing, where everything we think of as a computer today is just a device that connects to the big computer we’re building. Cloud computing is a great way to think about how we’ll deliver computing services in the future.”
—Tim O’Reilly, CEO, O’Reilly Media
High-Level Look
In many ways, cloud computing is simply a metaphor for the Internet, the increasing movement of compute and data resources onto the Web.
High-Level Look
But there’s a difference:
Higher efficiency
massive scalability
faster, easier software development It’s about new programming models, new IT
infrastructure, and the enabling of new business models.
Why Cloud Computing
IT Efficiency + Economy
Delivering resources on demand
Reduce capital expenditures
Cut the cost of running a datacenter
Eliminate overprovisioning
Why Cloud Computing
Faster, More Flexible Programming
Accelerated cycles
Increase agility
Harnessing Cloud Computing
Use the Cloud Leverage the Cloud
Development and testing
Functional offloading
Augmentation
Experimenting Build the Cloud Be the Cloud
Cloud Types
Public clouds:
Run by third parties, and jobs from many different customers may be mixed together on the servers, storage systems, and other infrastructure within the cloud. End users don’t know who else’s job may be me running on the same server, network, or disk as their own jobs.
Cloud Types
Private clouds:
Are a good option for companies dealing with data protection and service-level issues. Private clouds are on-demand infrastructure owned by a single customer who controls which applications run, and where. They own the server, network, and disk and can decide which users are allowed to use the infrastructure.
Cloud Types
Hybrid clouds:
Combine the public and private cloud models. You own parts and share other parts, though in a controlled way. Hybrid clouds offer the promise of on-demand, externally provisioned scale, but add the complexity of determining how to distribute applications across these different environments.
Enabling Technologies
Horizontally scaled, distributed compute nodes
Sophisticated file systems Superscale cloud architectures New techniques of data-intensive computing Machine images can be instantly deployed
Cornerstone Technology
Virtualization — the abstraction of computer
resources — is the cornerstone technology for all cloud architectures. With the ability to virtualize servers (behind a hypervisor-abstracted operating system), storage devices, desktops, and applications, a wide array of IT resources can now be allocated on demand
Old Computers
Hardware
OperatingSystem
Application
By Virtualization
Hardware
OperatingSystem
Application
Hypervisor
Virtualization -- a Server for Multiple Applications/OS
Hardware
OperatingSystem
Application
Hardware
OperatingSystem
Application
Hypervisor
OperatingSystem
Application
OperatingSystem
Application
OperatingSystem
Application
OperatingSystem
Application
Service Layers
Software as a Service (SaaS)
Features a complete application offered as a service, ondemand, via multitenancy meaning a single instance of the software runs on the provider’s infrastructure and serves multiple client organizations.
Service Layers
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
Is the encapsulation of a development environment abstraction and the packaging of a payload of services. PaaS offerings can provide for every phase of software development and testing.
Service Layers
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
Is a means of delivering basic storage and compute capabilities as standardized services over the network. Servers, storage systems, switches, routers, and other systems are pooled (through virtualization technology, for example) to handle specific types of workloads.
Inside the Cloud
Virtualization
Higher utilization rates
Resource consolidation
Lower power usage/costs
Space savings
Disaster recovery/business continuity
Reduced operations costs
Inside the Cloud
Virtualization
Operating System Virtualization
Platform Virtualization
Network Virtualization
Application Virtualization
Inside the Cloud
Software Deployment
Software Packaging
Machine Images