Post on 05-Jan-2016
Learning ObjectivesLearning Objectives
Understand what tourism is and its Understand what tourism is and its many definitionsmany definitions
Learn the components of tourism and Learn the components of tourism and tourism managementtourism management
Examine the various approaches to Examine the various approaches to studying tourism and determine studying tourism and determine which is of greatest interest to youwhich is of greatest interest to you
Appreciate how important this Appreciate how important this industry is to the economy of the industry is to the economy of the world and of many countriesworld and of many countries
Know the benefits and costs of Know the benefits and costs of tourismtourism
What is Tourism?What is Tourism?
Visiting a particular place Visiting a particular place for sightseeing.for sightseeing.
Visiting friends and Visiting friends and relatives, taking a vacation, relatives, taking a vacation, and having a good time.and having a good time.
Four different perspectives Four different perspectives of tourismof tourism
The touristThe tourist The businesses providing The businesses providing
tourist goods and servicetourist goods and service The government of the host The government of the host
community or areacommunity or area The host communityThe host community
Tourism may be defined as Tourism may be defined as the process, activities, and the process, activities, and outcomes arising from the outcomes arising from the relationships and the relationships and the interactions among tourists interactions among tourists supplies, host government, supplies, host government, host communities and host communities and surrounding environment surrounding environment that are involved in the that are involved in the attracting and hosting of attracting and hosting of visitors. visitors.
Tourism comprises the Tourism comprises the activities of persons activities of persons traveling to and staying in traveling to and staying in places outside their usual places outside their usual environment for not more environment for not more than one consecutive year than one consecutive year for leisure, business and for leisure, business and other purposes. other purposes.
World Tourism Organization World Tourism Organization DefinitionsDefinitions
Tourism? Tourism? International tourismInternational tourism
Inbound tourismInbound tourism Outbound tourismOutbound tourism
Internal tourismInternal tourism Domestic tourismDomestic tourism National tourismNational tourism
World Tourism Organization World Tourism Organization DefinitionsDefinitions
Traveler Terminology for Traveler Terminology for International Tourism? International Tourism?
Same – day visitorsSame – day visitors TouristsTourists
World Tourism Organization World Tourism Organization DefinitionsDefinitions
TouristsTourists Natural Resources and Natural Resources and
EnvironmentEnvironment The Built EnvironmentThe Built Environment Operating Sectors of the Tourism Operating Sectors of the Tourism
IndustryIndustry Spirit of HospitalitySpirit of Hospitality Planning, Development, Planning, Development,
Promotion, and Catalyst Promotion, and Catalyst OrganizationsOrganizations
Components of Tourism and Components of Tourism and Tourism ManagementTourism Management
The importance of The importance of IntegratedIntegrated
The processes, Activities, The processes, Activities, and Outcomes of Tourismand Outcomes of Tourism
Careers in TourismCareers in Tourism
Components of Tourism and Components of Tourism and Tourism ManagementTourism Management
Institutional ApproachInstitutional Approach Product ApproachProduct Approach Historical ApproachHistorical Approach Managerial ApproachManagerial Approach Economic ApproachEconomic Approach
Basic approaches the study Basic approaches the study of Tourimsof Tourims
Basic approaches the study Basic approaches the study of Tourismof Tourism Sociological ApproachSociological Approach Geographical ApproachGeographical Approach Interdisciplinary ApproachesInterdisciplinary Approaches The systems ApproachThe systems Approach
BENEFITS AND COSTS OF BENEFITS AND COSTS OF TOURISMTOURISM Provides employment Provides employment
opportunities, both skilled and opportunities, both skilled and unskilled, because it is a labor-unskilled, because it is a labor-intensive industryintensive industry
Generates a supply of needed Generates a supply of needed foreign exchangeforeign exchange
Increases incomesIncreases incomes Creates increased gross national Creates increased gross national
productproduct Can be built on existing Can be built on existing
infrastructureinfrastructure
BENEFITS AND COSTS OF BENEFITS AND COSTS OF TOURISMTOURISM Develop infrastructure that will Develop infrastructure that will
also help stimulate local also help stimulate local commerce and industrycommerce and industry
Can be developed with local Can be developed with local products and resourcesproducts and resources
Helps to diversify the economyHelps to diversify the economy Tends to be one of the most Tends to be one of the most
compatible economic compatible economic development activities available development activities available to an area, complementing to an area, complementing other economic activitiesother economic activities
BENEFITS AND COSTS OF BENEFITS AND COSTS OF TOURISMTOURISM Spreads developmentSpreads development Has a high multiplier impactHas a high multiplier impact Increases governmental revenuesIncreases governmental revenues Broadens educational and cultural Broadens educational and cultural
horizons and improves feelings of horizons and improves feelings of self-worthself-worth
Improves the quality of life related Improves the quality of life related to a higher level of income and to a higher level of income and improved standards of livingimproved standards of living
BENEFITS AND COSTS OF BENEFITS AND COSTS OF TOURISMTOURISM Reinforces preservation of Reinforces preservation of
heritage and traditionheritage and tradition Justifies environmental Justifies environmental
protection and improvementprotection and improvement Provides employment for artists, Provides employment for artists,
musicians, and other performing musicians, and other performing artists because of visitor interest artists because of visitor interest in local culture, thereby in local culture, thereby enhancing the cultural heritageenhancing the cultural heritage
BENEFITS AND COSTS OF BENEFITS AND COSTS OF TOURISMTOURISM Provides tourist and recreational Provides tourist and recreational
facilities that may be used by a facilities that may be used by a local populationlocal population
Breaks down language barriers, Breaks down language barriers, sociocultural barriers, class sociocultural barriers, class barriers, class barriers, racial barriers, class barriers, racial barriers, political barriers, and barriers, political barriers, and religious barriersreligious barriers
Creates a favorable worldwide Creates a favorable worldwide image for a destinationimage for a destination
Promotes a global communityPromotes a global community Promotes international Promotes international
understanding and peaceunderstanding and peace
BENEFITS AND COSTS OF BENEFITS AND COSTS OF TOURISMTOURISM Develops excess demand for Develops excess demand for
resources resources Creates the difficulties of Creates the difficulties of
seasonalityseasonality Causes inflationCauses inflation Can result in unbalanced economic Can result in unbalanced economic
developmentdevelopment Creates social problemsCreates social problems Degrades the natural physical Degrades the natural physical
environment and creates pollutionenvironment and creates pollution Degrades the cultural environmentDegrades the cultural environment
BENEFITS AND COSTS OF BENEFITS AND COSTS OF TOURISMTOURISM Increases the incidence of crime, Increases the incidence of crime,
prostitution, and gamblingprostitution, and gambling Increases vulnerability to Increases vulnerability to
economic and political changes economic and political changes Threatens family structureThreatens family structure Commercializes culture, religion, Commercializes culture, religion,
and the artsand the arts Creates misunderstandingCreates misunderstanding Creates conflicts in the host Creates conflicts in the host
societysociety Contributes to disease, economic Contributes to disease, economic
fluctuation, and transportation fluctuation, and transportation problemsproblems
SUMMARYSUMMARY
In this chapter we have examined In this chapter we have examined the subject of tourism. The rapid the subject of tourism. The rapid growth in the movement of growth in the movement of people, both domestically and people, both domestically and internationally, has brought internationally, has brought about an industry of vast about an industry of vast proportions and diversity. Also, it proportions and diversity. Also, it is universal-found in all countries is universal-found in all countries of the world, but in greatly varied of the world, but in greatly varied qualities and proportions.qualities and proportions.
SUMMARY SUMMARY
The economic importance and future The economic importance and future prospects are also worthy of careful prospects are also worthy of careful study. These considerations lead to the study. These considerations lead to the ways in which the study of tourism can ways in which the study of tourism can be undertaken. There are a number of be undertaken. There are a number of basic approaches to the study of basic approaches to the study of tourism, and in this book we include all tourism, and in this book we include all of them in the various chapters. By the of them in the various chapters. By the time you complete the book you will time you complete the book you will know a great deal about the social and know a great deal about the social and economic implications of tourism, and economic implications of tourism, and you will have developed a keen interest you will have developed a keen interest in our world and the fascinating in our world and the fascinating panorama of places, peoples, cultures, panorama of places, peoples, cultures, beauty, and learning that travel beauty, and learning that travel provides in such abundance.provides in such abundance.