Post on 06-May-2015
description
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eTwinning Conference: Intercultural learning opportunities
Intercultural learning opportunities
Petru DumitruProject coordinator and Web editor
European Schoolnet, Brussels
and a group of teacher guests
Petru.Dumitru@eun.org
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eTwinning Conference: Intercultural learning opportunities
Workshop structure
1. Introduction
2. Theoretical background
3. Intercultural learning activities in schools
4. Intercultural learning opportunities offered by European Schoolnet
5. Questionnaire for participants
6. Message to teachers
7. Just for fun
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eTwinning Conference: Intercultural learning opportunities
1. Introduction
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eTwinning Conference: Intercultural learning opportunities
2. Theoretical background
• Culture: a set of attitudes, beliefs, behavioural norms, basic assumptions and values that are shared by a group of people (A way of life)
• Intercultural communication: occurs when people from different cultures interact
• Intercultural learning: entails communicating cultures and learning about one’s own culture and other cultures.
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eTwinning Conference: Intercultural learning opportunities
Factors affecting intercultural communication
• Perception: the ability of any individual to gather information, assess it and understand it. Perceptions vary from a culture to another
• Cultural values: a set of norms which characterises a culture
• Social organisation: family (the smallest unit of social organisation) and society
• Language• Non-verbal cues: communication patterns in the
form of gestures, facial expression, eye contact, movement, using time and space.
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eTwinning Conference: Intercultural learning opportunities
Barriers to intercultural communication
• Anxiety or stress• Assuming similarities instead of differences• Ethnocentrism: a negative approach of judging
attributes of other cultures by relating them to the own cultural norms
• Stereotypes and prejudices• Nonverbal misinterpretations• Language differences
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eTwinning Conference: Intercultural learning opportunities
Face-to-face vs. computer-mediated communication
• ICCMC reduces human interaction to words (is faceless, lacking nonverbal cues)
• ICMC allows authorship modification: (cutting and reposting someone’s message is common in an online context)
• “Plastic identity” (changeable identity) of the online users may conflict with the communication norms in certain cultures
• Use of humour (attitudes, habits and beliefs characterising an individual or groups of individuals) may generate misunderstanding when partners from other cultures perceive things differently
• People who use a second/third language to communicate may have a different level of understanding of irony, sarcasm and cynicism
• Silence may be perceived differently by individuals representing different cultures; people who seem more silent or passive could be seen as “less important” versus active participants.
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eTwinning Conference: Intercultural learning opportunities
3. Intercultural learning activities in schools
To ensure successful intercultural communication activities:• A common language or a common communication system;• Information about other cultures• Putting the own culture in the context of the world cultures;• Eliminating prejudices and accepting cultural diversity: avoiding
classifying world cultures in two categories: major and minor• Ability to empathise: putting oneself in someone else’s shoes to
minimise negative emotions and feel what the others feel (emotions play a crucial role in communication)
• Communicative attitude of the partners• Achieving balanced interaction: leaving out any tendency of
victimisation or paternalism.
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eTwinning Conference: Intercultural learning opportunities
Benefits in school projectsKnowledge level• Raising intercultural awareness• Putting one’s own culture in a wider context• Providing opportunities for intercultural learning in a real context• Opportunity to exchange ideas.Skills level• Acquiring/improving ICT skills• Providing a real communication context with people from other
cultures• Practicing communication in a second language, in a real life context• Learning to work collaboratively at a global scale• Experiencing teaching and learning across the curriculum• Developing critical thinking• Increasing students’ motivation to learn.
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eTwinning Conference: Intercultural learning opportunities
Limitations in school projectsIn school projects, intercultural computer-mediated communication
may be limited by a number of factors:
• Curriculum and time constraints• Lacking knowledge of a second language or poor and inadequate language
skills• Lack of face-to-face cues• Lack of equipment, unreliable or unavailable Internet connection and
technical difficulties at school• Integrating a project into the curriculum/or matching two or more different
curricula• Lack of basic computer skills• Different school calendars• Cultural differences and differences in cultural expectations• Technological differences
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eTwinning Conference: Intercultural learning opportunities
4. Intercultural learning opportunities at European Schoolnet
• Spring Day for Europe Overview: Petru Dumitru• Spring Day for Europe in schools: Peter Rasmussen, Denmark• myEUROPE, 8000 schools working on European citizenship and
intercultural activities: Marleen Spierings. The Netherlands• 50 Years Together in Diversity: Stamatios Papadakis, Greece• Energy education in a multi-cultural context: Ylva Guntsch-Malmhav,
Sweden• FuturEnergia, the voice of young people in Europe to respond to climate
change: Lidia Minza, Romania• Learning objects, a modern methods to experience other cultures from an
early age: Andreea Silter, Romania• Collaborative projects, a successful path to cultural understanding;
Viljenka Savli, Slovenia• Online chats or language learning in a real intercultural context; Petru
Dumitru
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eTwinning Conference: Intercultural learning opportunities
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eTwinning Conference: Intercultural learning opportunities
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eTwinning Conference: Intercultural learning opportunities
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eTwinning Conference: Intercultural learning opportunities
Chats
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eTwinning Conference: Intercultural learning opportunities
Chats
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eTwinning Conference: Intercultural learning opportunities
5. QuestionnaireIn the context of intercultural activities involving
classes from different cultures and based on your experience, please list:
• three benefits resulting from intercultural learning activities
• three limitations to intercultural learning activities• three solutions that help overcome barriers to
intercultural learning activitiesIn your view, what is the most relevant element that
has to be considered to achieve understanding in intercultural learning activities?
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eTwinning Conference: Intercultural learning opportunities
6. Message to teachersThere are no forms of technology that can revolutionise the
classroom while bypassing the teacher. If there is a change, it will be in the way teachers and students create the context of a classroom and the interaction that takes place among and between the people who make up the life of a classroom.
Teachers should see networks as an opportunity to learn more about teaching and learning by finding out how it is supported and directed in different countries. I would suggest they see themselves as modelling learning.
Margaret Riel, 2005