Integrating Back, Bookmarks and History

Shaun KaastenSaul Greenberg

University of Calgary

The MessageA single system can integrate back,

bookmarks, and history

Revisiting

• People constantly revisit web pages

• Percentage of navigations:• 58% (Tauscher, Greenberg, 1997) • 81% (Cockburn, McKenzie, 2000)

1995 Web browser Study

History1%

Back41%

Bookmark2%

Other4%

Hyperlinks52%

Catledge, Pitkow

1997 Web Browser Study

History1%

Other (Open

local, New Window, Forward,

Reload…)

26%

Back30%

Bookmark2%

Hyperlinks41%

Tauscher, Greenberg

Why Don’t People Use Bookmarks and History?

• Instead, relying on simpler methods of revisiting

Too Many Different Models

Page Representation

Managing Bookmark Collections

Abrams, Baecker and Chignell, 1998

Back Button Confusion

A

B

C

I

Cockburn &Jones,1996

I

A

Back Button Confusion

Cockburn &Jones,1996

Integrated System

Recency ordered list

Dog ears

Dynamic Query

Thumbnail images

The MessageA single system can integrate back, bookmarks, and history

www.cpsc.ucalgary.ca/grouplab/software