Post on 21-Dec-2014
description
nstructional Media
from chalkboard to video
I
Different types of educational experiences exist
more or less effective for achieving various
types of learning outcomes
How do I expect the media or type of
learning activity to make learning more effective?
“We never educate directly, but indirectly by means of the
environment. Whether we permit chance environments
to do the work, or whether we design environments for the
purpose makes a great difference.”
- John Dewey (1906)
Why use media in instruction?
What are the different types of MEDIA?
DALE'S CONE OF LEARNINGAs the nature of the learning event moves from
passive to active, learning and retention increases.1. Reading, Hearing words, looking at Pictures2. Watching a Movie, Looking at an Exhibit,
Watching a Demonstration3. Participating in a Discussion, Giving a Talk4. Doing a Dramatic Presentation, Simulating the
Real Experience, Doing the Real Thing.The more parts of the brain that are involved the
more long term retention.
Gain attention
A picture on the screen, a question on
the board, or music playing t0 start
the class all serve to get students
interest
Recall
prerequisites
Use media to help learners recall what they learned in the last class, so that new material can be attached to and built upon it
Present objectives to learners
Hand out or project the day’s learning objectives or outcomes
Introduce new
lesson
Not only media can help make new
content more memorable, media can also
help deliver new content
Support learning through
examples and visual
elaboration
One of the biggest advantages of media is to bring the world into classroom when it
is not possible to take the student into the world
Elicit student
responsePresent information to students and pose
questions to them, getting them involve d
in answering questions
Provide feedback
Media can be used to provide feedback relating to a test or class exercise
Enhance retention or
transfer
Instructional media helps students visualize a lesson and transform abstract
concepts into concrete, easier to remember concepts
Assess performanceMedia is an excellent way to pose
assessment questions for the class to answer or give students task to complete
Types of Instructional Media
• Projected Media• Non-Projected Media• Audio Media• Motion Media• Hyper Media• Gaming Media
Projected Media
• Instructional materials that require projection and electricity in their using process.
• Slides, filmstrips, and overheads– Use to:• Allow all students to view the same material at the
same time• Offer the students other perspectives on the material
Non-Projected Media• Instructional materials that do not require the
process of projection before its operation can take place.
• Photographs, diagrams, and displays– Use to:• Illustrate concepts• Enhance direct instruction• Encourage students to look at data in diverse ways
Audio Media
• Cassettes and compact discs– Use to:• Allow students to hear other languages/dialects• Allow auditory learners to review the lessons• Encourage creativity through music
Motion Media
• Videos, computer mediated instruction, and television– Use to:• Offer supplemental instruction• Experience concepts in a manner that is not available in
“real life” – i.e. Magic School Bus
Hyper Media
• Computer networks, software, and the Internet– Use to:• Offer resources beyond the library• Develop computer and word processing skills• Offer interactive learning
Gaming Media
• Computer games– Use to:• Provide a playful environment for learning• Structure learning through rules• Motivating for tedious or repetitive content• Uses problem solving skills
• Instructional situations such as events, things, features, settings, festivals and other community resources that are directly apprehended by the learner at their natural setting– Use to:• help learners to have a direct
contact with learning experiences that far transcend volumes of recorded literature and weeks of sermonization
Phenomenal
• Instructional materials that the learners usually handle skillfully, deal with, and manage expertly to bring about the desired behavioral changes
• Card and board games– Use to:• Promote complete mastery of the content materials
and specific outcomes
Manipulative