Post on 25-Oct-2020
Initialisms and specialized collocations in a LSP corpus from Environment, Human Genome, Medicine and
Economics texts in Spanish and English
John Jairo GIRALDO University of Antioquia (Colombia)
Pedro PATIÑO FSK, NHH Norwegian School of Economics
(Norway) / University of Antioquia (Colombia)
Definition of initialism
An initialism is a lexical reduction unit formed from the initial alphanumeric characters of a lexical unit of syntagmatic structure, forming a sequence whose pronunciation can be spelled or syllabic or both; e.g.: PCR; TS; TEP; Grb2.
John Jairo GIRALDO - Pedro PATIÑO 19th European Symposium on LSP. Centre for Translation Studies, University of Vienna
July 2013, Vienna, Austria
Definition of specialized collocation
A MWE composed of at least a term that serves as the base and its collocates, where the constituents:
are in direct syntactic relation to each other; can be unpredictable and semi-compositional; have an internal and statistical tendency of preference.
John Jairo GIRALDO - Pedro PATIÑO 19th European Symposium on LSP. Centre for Translation Studies, University of Vienna
July 2013, Vienna, Austria
Initialisms and specialized collocations
John Jairo GIRALDO - Pedro PATIÑO 19th European Symposium on LSP. Centre for Translation Studies, University of Vienna
July 2013, Vienna, Austria
Corpus data
John Jairo GIRALDO - Pedro PATIÑO 19th European Symposium on LSP. Centre for Translation Studies, University of Vienna
July 2013, Vienna, Austria
• Comparable corpus of specialized texts in English and Spanish from the subject fields of economics and medicine.
Subject field English Spanish
Medicine 445.662 1.291.981
Economics 16.386.493 554.282 • Data has been PoS tagged and encoded with IMS CWB.
Corpus data (IULA)
John Jairo GIRALDO - Pedro PATIÑO 19th European Symposium on LSP. Centre for Translation Studies, University of Vienna
July 2013, Vienna, Austria
Subject field Spanish
Human genome 999.950
Environment 999.876
Initialisms and specialized collocations
John Jairo GIRALDO - Pedro PATIÑO 19th European Symposium on LSP. Centre for Translation Studies, University of Vienna
July 2013, Vienna, Austria
Iniatialism + Noun (Spanish)
1. Human Genome
DNA basura
DNA polimerasa
DNA espaciador
2. Environment
---
Noun + Initialism (Spanish)
1. Human Genome
Estudios PCR
Tecnología PCR
2. Environment
Prueba DBO
Complejo EDTA
Análisis DPD
Initialisms and specialized collocations
John Jairo GIRALDO - Pedro PATIÑO 19th European Symposium on LSP. Centre for Translation Studies, University of Vienna
July 2013, Vienna, Austria
Initialism + Noun (English)
1. Medicine
Noun + Initialism (English)
1. Medicine
Initialisms and specialized collocations
John Jairo GIRALDO - Pedro PATIÑO 19th European Symposium on LSP. Centre for Translation Studies, University of Vienna
July 2013, Vienna, Austria
Initialism + Noun in the Economics corpus
Initialisms and specialized collocations
John Jairo GIRALDO - Pedro PATIÑO 19th European Symposium on LSP. Centre for Translation Studies, University of Vienna
July 2013, Vienna, Austria
Adj + Initialism in the Economics corpus
Initialisms and specialized collocations
John Jairo GIRALDO - Pedro PATIÑO 19th European Symposium on LSP. Centre for Translation Studies, University of Vienna
July 2013, Vienna, Austria
Adj + Adj + Initialism in the Economics corpus
Initialisms and specialized collocations
John Jairo GIRALDO - Pedro PATIÑO 19th European Symposium on LSP. Centre for Translation Studies, University of Vienna
July 2013, Vienna, Austria
Iniatialism + Adj (Spanish)
1. Human Genome
PCR arbitraria
ADN autosómico
ARN bacteriano
2. Environment
OD consumido
OD inicial
Adj + Initialism (Spanish)
1. Human Genome
----
2. Environment
----
Initialisms and specialized collocations
John Jairo GIRALDO - Pedro PATIÑO 19th European Symposium on LSP. Centre for Translation Studies, University of Vienna
July 2013, Vienna, Austria
Initialism + Adj + N (English) 3. Medicine
Adj + Initialism (English)
3. Medicine
Initialisms and specialized collocations
John Jairo GIRALDO - Pedro PATIÑO 19th European Symposium on LSP. Centre for Translation Studies, University of Vienna
July 2013, Vienna, Austria
Initialism + verb (Spanish) 1. Genoma
PCR es una técnica
El PGH constituye
Los RFLP proporcionan
El VIH pertenece
2. Environment
La UE regula
la DPD produce
El ICONA presenta
Verb + Initialism (Spanish) 1. Genoma
generar ATP
inducir ACs
sintetizar ARN mensajero
2. Environment
siguen DBO
siendo NASA el organismo
Initialisms and specialized collocations
John Jairo GIRALDO - Pedro PATIÑO 19th European Symposium on LSP. Centre for Translation Studies, University of Vienna
July 2013, Vienna, Austria
Initialism + verb (English) 3. Medicine
4. Economics
Verb + Initialism (English) 3. Medicine
4. Economics
Initialisms and specialized collocations
John Jairo GIRALDO - Pedro PATIÑO 19th European Symposium on LSP. Centre for Translation Studies, University of Vienna
July 2013, Vienna, Austria
Initialism + Adv (Spanish)
1. Human Genome
---
2. Environment
---
Adv + Initialism (Spanish)
1. Human Genome
ADN completamente equivocado
2. Environment
---
Concluding remarks
John Jairo GIRALDO - Pedro PATIÑO 19th European Symposium on LSP. Centre for Translation Studies, University of Vienna
July 2013, Vienna, Austria
.
Due to its nominal nature, initialisms may be modified with adjectives, as evidenced with corpus data.
The contrast between the two subject fields shows that the phenomenon is way more common in HG, where 9 initialisms appear modified by Adj, in contrast to only 1 case for Env.
Concluding remarks
John Jairo GIRALDO - Pedro PATIÑO 19th European Symposium on LSP. Centre for Translation Studies, University of Vienna
July 2013, Vienna, Austria
.
These are the most common Spanish Adj modifying initialisms found in the Human Genome and Environment Corpus:
humano nuclear bacteriano genómico celular maduro ribosómico circular clonado codificado cromosómico
eucariótico extraño híbrido mensajero minisatélite proviral quimérico recombinante repetitivo superenrollado unicatenario
Concluding remarks
John Jairo GIRALDO - Pedro PATIÑO 19th European Symposium on LSP. Centre for Translation Studies, University of Vienna
July 2013, Vienna, Austria
. 2 ocur:
Célula, complejo, familia, región, sistema, tecnología
secuencia (7 ocurrences), gen (5 ocur.), locus/loci (6 ocur.), virus y polimorfismo (4 ocur.), marcador y genoma (3 ocur.),
IniGalisms may combine with other grammaGcal categories:
In the sample from the HG and Env, there are 22 cases with Adj (19 in HG and 3 in Env).
By decreasing order, the words that combine more frequently with iniGalisms are:
Concluding remarks
John Jairo GIRALDO - Pedro PATIÑO 19th European Symposium on LSP. Centre for Translation Studies, University of Vienna
July 2013, Vienna, Austria
.
Regarding initialisms and verbs, we have found 25 initialisms acting as subject of a verb in HG and 15 en Env.
These verbs also occur where initialisms are the object:
1) Phraseological verbs (agregar, construir, contener, desarrollar, emplear, fabricar, formar, introducir, producir, secuenciar, sintetizar, tener, transcribir);
2) Logical relationship verbs (generar, inducir, ser),
3) Discourse performative verbs (denominar, detectar, encontrar expresar, realizar, seguir, utilizar).
4) Initialisms and their relation with other specialized lexical items might be useful to disambiguate the sense of an initialism, improve MT lexicons, etc.
Concluding remarks
John Jairo GIRALDO - Pedro PATIÑO 19th European Symposium on LSP. Centre for Translation Studies, University of Vienna
July 2013, Vienna, Austria
.
Analyzed initialisms indicate that they are mostly the object of the verbs “contener” and “denominar”, which appear in 4 and 3 initialisms, respectively.
The most productive phenomena regarding collocations and initialisms are the one formed by nouns, adjectives and verbs. Adverbs are less relevant.
John Jairo GIRALDO - Pedro PATIÑO 19th European Symposium on LSP. Centre for Translation Studies, University of Vienna
July 2013, Vienna, Austria
Danke schön! Thank you!
Comments, questions, suggestions, criticism?
johnjairo.giraldo@gmail.com
pedro.patino@nhh.no
John Jairo GIRALDO - Pedro PATIÑO 19th European Symposium on LSP. Centre for Translation Studies, University of Vienna
July 2013, Vienna, Austria