INDUSTRIAL

REVOLUTION

Cast Iron

Cement (1824)

Invented by Joseph Aspdin

GlassProduced by the cylinder process (early 19th Century)

Steam

Power

Transportation

Immigration

Massive Overcrow

ding

Harsh worki

ng conditions, Poor living conditions, and

congested, pollut

ed cities

Child labor

Luddites (Ned Ludd)

2ND INDUSTRIAL

REVOLUTION

1850

Steel (invented by Sir Henry Bessemer)

Chemical industries, petroleum, and, during the 20th Century, automotive industries

STRUCTURES

ANDARCHITECT

S

LONDON

The Conservatory, Carlton House (1811-1812) The Crystal Palace (1850-1)

SCOTLAND

Forth Bridge

Edinburgh Tenement

Vernacular Building

New Lanark

New Towns

SCOTLAND

The Gracco-Baroque S. Stephen's, Edinburgh

Abbotsford House

Gothic Revival

Alexander Thomson's Caledonia Road Church, Glasgow

Classical RevivalNeoclassical Decline

BELGIUM

Workers' housing at Bois-du-Luc (1838–1853) in La Louvière

Gallow frame of the Crachet

GERMANY

Sächsische Maschinenfabrik in Chemnitz BASF SF (Badische Anilin-und Soda-Fabrik or Baden Aniline and Soda Factory) in Ludwigshafen, Germany 1865

FRANCE

Eiffel Tower

THE STOCK EXCHANGE (1898-1903)

THE OPERA HOUSE, COLOGNE (1870-2)

THE POST OFFICE SAVINGS BANK, VIENNA (1216 B)

D. COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS

THE HALLES CENTRALES, PARIS (1853)

GARE DU NORD, PARIS (1862-3)

GARE DE L’EST, PARIS (1847-52)

TURBINE BUILDING, MENIER CHOCOLATE FACTORY, NOISEIL-SUR-MARNE, PARIS (1871-2)

THE ENTRANCE, PAVILION, INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION, PARIS (1878)

THE GALERIE DES MACHINES, INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION, PARIS (1887)

METRO STATION, PLACE DE LA BASTILLE, PARIS (1900)

JAPAN

The Bank of Japan

AMERICA

Empire State Building

Slater Mill (1793) Beverly Cotton Manufactory (1785)

Bethlehem steel (1857)The Guaranty Building 1896(now called the Prudential Building)

MERCHANTS EXCHANGE, PHILADELPHIA

(exterior) (interior)

THE MARSHALL FIELD WHOLESALE WAREHOUSE, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS

(exterior) (interior)

THE AUDITORIUM BUILDING, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS

(exterior)(interior)

THE MONADNOCK BUILDING, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS

(exterior)(interior retail lobby)

THE SECOND LEITER BUILDING, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS

(exterior) (interior)

THE RELIANCE BUILDING, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS

(exterior) (interior, lobby)

THE GACE BUILDING, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS

(exterior)

THE SCHLESINGER-MAYER STORE

(exterior)

THE WAINWRIGHT BUILDING, ST. LOUIS, MO

(exterior)

THE LARKIN SOAP CO. BUILDING, BUFFALO, NEW YORK

(exterior)

THE WOOLWORTH BUILDING, NEW YORK

(exterior)

INDUSTRIAL ARCHITECTU

RE TODAY

Office in Son Bugadelles

Architects: Ripoll TizonLocation: Polígon Industrial de Calvià, Carrer Alacant, 30, 07183 Calvià, Illes Balears, EspañaArchitect In Charge: Pep Ripoll – Juan Miguel TizónArea: 1019.0 sqmYear: 2014Photographs: José Hevia

Nestlé Waters Beirut Headquarters

Architects: Bernard Malla Architects, Walid ZeidanLocation: Beirut, LebanonArchitectural Team: Louis El Khoury, Hammoud Badran, Mahmoud El CharifArea: 5500.0 sqmYear: 2014Photographs: Ieva Saudargaite

Sunray

Architects: DP ArchitectsLocation: Sungei Kadut, SingaporeDesign Team: Angelene Chan, Yong Hock Seng, Doan Quang Hiep, Claudia Nam, Widari Bahrin, Arjun Rosha, Alvin Arre, Syahirah AbbasArea: 16800.0 sqmYear: 2014Photographs: Courtesy of DP Architects

JH Factory Complex Design

Architects: XU KaiLocation: Huli, Xiamen, Fujian, China, 361009Area: 9500.0 sqmYear: 2010Photographs: Amelie Yang, Courtesy of XU Kai