INDIA, PAKISTAN AND AFGHANISTAN

GDP/capita

India - $4,000

Pakistan - $3,100

Afghanistan - $1,100

Three Columns

1. OWN IT: you will list terms here that you know, can define, feel you understand completely

2. FAMILIAR W/IT: this column is for terms you have heard, might be able to fake knowing, but really aren’t sure exactly how to use

3. WHAT IS IT: this final column is for terms that are very new to you and that you know you must learn

The TERMS for you to sort and master:

Taj Mahal Hinduism Islam caste system Kashmir partition Pervez Musharraf al-Qaeda

Benazir Bhutto Osama bin-Laden drones Khyber Pass Taliban secular

Political

Physical

What is this?

Taj Mahal

Built from 1632-1653 It is a mausoleum for

the third wife of emperor Shah Jahan, who died during the birth of their 14th child

Should guilty seek asylum here,

Like one pardoned, he becomes free from sin.

Should a sinner make his way to this mansion,

All his past sins are to be washed away.

The sight of this mansion creates sorrowing sighs;

And the sun and the moon shed tears from their eyes.

In this world this edifice has been made;

To display thereby the creator’s glory.

India

Cut off from the rest of the continent by deserts, mountains and jungles.

Ancient culture – 3rd millennium BCE Hinduism developed 1500BCE

Amalgamation of many different influences over the centuries

Responsible for the ruling the practical aspects of life

Colonized by Britain – including Pakistan Partitioned in 1947 Pakistan and India separated (religious

differences)

Issues

Population 1.2 billion Feeding this many people is a problem Dependent on foreign aid

Caste system Steeped in tradition Does not allow movement between the

classes Poverty

400 million in dire poverty

Poverty

World-wide issue Read “The End of Extreme Poverty?”

Complete the (2-sided) worksheet on your own paper.

Issues

Population 1.2 billion Feeding this many people is a problem Dependent on foreign aid

Caste system Steeped in tradition Does not allow movement between the classes

Poverty 400 million in dire poverty

Kashmir Territorial dispute between India, Pakistan and

China

Kashmir

An agreement in 1947 gave control to India

After an undeclared war Pakistan retained control over 38%

Several wars later, the lines remain the same

What is this?

Mohenjo-daro

Ruins of the ancient Indus River civilization

Abandoned by the Indus people around the 19th century BCE

Rediscovered in 1922 Presently threatened

by erosion and improper restoration… why?

Pakistan

Under British control considered part of India

1947 partition – split from India and from itself… Bangladesh Earned their independence after a war with

India Since 1947, Pakistan has spent half that

time under military control Creates political and economic instability

1998 – both India and Pakistan test nuclear weapons

U.S. and Pakistan

Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in the 80s forced a relationship

Pakistan became dependent on aid Development of the nuclear weaponry severed

relations for a time 1999 – another military coup – Gen. Pervez

Musharraf became president After 9/11, the U.S. had to reestablish connections

with Pakistan to fight al-Qaeda in Afghanistan Strained relationship

Political strife – assassination of moderate Benazir Bhutto Osama bin Laden found in their country Drone strikes

What is this?

Khyber Pass

Mountain pass connecting Afghanistan and Pakistan

Very old – Silk Road Famous for many

invasions over the millennia Darius I Alexander the Great Genghis Khan

Afghanistan

Landlocked country No easy access to trade Crossroads

Borders have been determined by outsiders Majority ethnicity is the Pashtu people

Multiple minority ethnicities Ruling monarchy until 1973, coup led to downward spiral

Invasion by USSR in 1979 Withdrew in 1989 (their “Vietnam”) Resulted in chaos and warfare

Taliban regime takes control in 1996 Extremist Islamic law instituted Protected al-Qaeda