Impressionism 1800’s Began in France Characteristics

Showed effects of light and reflections. Pointillism – small dots of color mixed

optically. No black, gray or brown. Replaced by

blues and violets. Showed pleasurable side of life. Richly textured surfaces made up of

short brushstrokes.

Influences Sigmund Freud

Psychoanalyst that dealt with the mind. Artists began to incorporate feelings and

interpretations in their work. Japanese Woodcuts

Featured genre scenes, unusual perspectives(bird’s eye view), cut off composition.

Camera Images could be easily created and reproduced. Informal, candid compositions. Freed artists to experiment with new ways of

approaching their subject.

Japanese Woodcuts Katsushika Hokusai, A Wood Turner at

Work, 1797

Japanese Woodcuts Katsushika Hokusai, Travelers Climbing a Mountain

Path, 1835-36

Japanese Woodcuts

Ando Hiroshige, Returning from Festival, Asakusa, 1857

The Salon

The Salon was France’s official art showcase, which was established in 1667. The Salon encouraged, exhibited, and rewarded meticulously finished, conventional paintings, often on historical, religious, and mythological subjects.

Edouard Manet 1832-1883

Considered the leader of Impressionism.

Brushstrokes and color patches are the artist’s reality.

Interested in light and color values.

Wanted painting to challenge photography.

The Fifer, 1866

Edouard Manet Bar at the Follies Bergere 1881-82

Edouard Manet Detail of: Bar at the Follies

Bergere.

Edouard Manet

Lilacs in a Vase, 1882

Claude Monet 1840-1926 Impression: Sunrise, 1872

The name Impressionism came from the title of this painting.

Claude Monet Regatta at Argenteuil, 1872

The reflective surface was a popular theme.

Claude Monet 1840-1926 The Haystacks, End of Summer, 1891

He painted the same haystacks at different times of day, trying to capture the effects of changes in lighting using quick, short brushstokes.

Claude Monet Stack of Wheat (Thaw, Sunset), 1890-91

Claude Monet

Rouen Cathedral, 1893 One of another

series of paintings using different color schemes. (26 in total)

Claude Monet Water lilies (The Clouds), 1903

Pierre Auguste Renoir 1841-1919 Painted the pleasurable

side of life. Included only what can

be seen in a single glance.

Hard outline replaced by blurred edges.

No emphasis. Famous for painting

redheads.

Girl with Watering Can, 1876

Pierre Auguste Renoir The Boating Party Lunch, 1881

Edgar Degas 1834-1919

A Woman Seated Beside a Vase of Flowers, 1865

Cutoff figures.

Unusual point of view.

Candid poses.

Great interest in drawing.

Edgar Degas The Rehearsal, 1873-78

Demonstrates his concern with line, form, and movement.

Edgar Degas Race Horses, 1885-88

Mary Cassatt 1845-1926

Girl Arranging her Hair, 1886 Influenced by

Degas Painted tender,

peaceful scenes of mothers and their children.

Mary Cassatt

Mother & Child, 1900

Post Impressionists Each artist drew upon the beliefs of

the Impressionists but developed their own distinctive style.

These artists showed a greater concern for structure and form.

Artists: Paul Cezanne, Paul Gauguin, Vincent Van Gogh, Henri Toulouse-Lautrec, Georges Seurat

Paul Cezanne 1839-1906 Experimented in still life, figures and

landscapes. Applied his colors in small, flat patches. Each patch represented a separate plane

or surface. Used cool colors to make objects recede

and warm colors to advance in space. Created more solid looking forms than the

Impressionists. Considered the “father” of Modern Art.

Paul Cezanne Mont Sainte Victorie, 1885-87

Paul Cezanne

Self-Portrait w/Palette, 1885-87

Paul Cezanne The Card Players, 1890-92

Paul Cezanne Compotier, Pitcher, Fruit, 1892-94

Paul Gauguin 1848-1903

Most remembered for his bold use of color, pattern, and flattening of the plane.

Went to Tahiti to paint bringing a taste of the exotic to the art world.

He influenced the Fauves and Expressionists.

Paul Gauguin Tahitian Women, 1891

Paul Gauguin

Street in Tahiti

Paul Gauguin

Self-Portrait, 1893-94

Henri Toulouse-Lautrec 1864-1901 Noted for his flamboyant personality. Broke both his legs as a youngster causing

him difficulty throughout his life. Best known for his expressive portraits of

people in the music halls and bars in Paris. Created poster advertising performances

at the places he frequented.

Henri Toulouse-Lautrec

Jane Avril, 1890

Henri Toulouse-Lautrec Ball at Moulin Rouge, 1889-90

Henri Toulouse-Lautrec

Moulin Rouge: La Goulue, 1891

Georges Seurat 1860-1891 A Sunday Afternoon in the Island of

LaGrande Jatte, 1884-86

Georges Seurat

Considered either Impressionist or Post-Impressionist.

Invented the technique of pointillism, small dots of complementary colors are placed side by side. The eye optically mixes the colors.

Georges Seurat Bathing at Asnieres, 1883-1884

Vincent Van Gogh 1853-1890

Applied technique of Impressionists – used small, short brushstrokes.

Used brilliant color and thick, impasto, swirling strokes.

His work was very emotional.

Self-portrait, 1886-87

Vincent Van Gogh The Potato Eaters, 1885

Vincent Van Gogh Starry Night, 1889

Vincent Van Gogh Vase of

Sunflowers, 1889