Identification  of  Common  Weeds  of  Rice

Alligatorweed (Alternanthera philoxeroides)

Amazon sprangletop (Leptochloa panicoides)

66

Ammannia (red stem) (Ammannia robusta)

Arrowhead (Sagittaria spp.)

67

Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus­galli )

Flat  sheath,  no  ligule,  no  hairs  on  blade,  no  auricles.

Bearded sprangletop (Leptochloa fusca)

68

Broadleaf signalgrass (Urochloa platyphylla)

Crabgrass (Digitaria spp.)

69

                      

Ducksalad (Heteranthera limosa)

Fall panicum (Panicum dichotomiflorum)

Round sheath, ligule with fringe of hairs, blade smooth withprominent midvein, no auricles.

70

Rice flatsedge (Cyperus iria)

Gooseweed (Sphenoclea zeylanica)

71

                    

Hemp sesbania (coffeebean)(Sesbania  herbacea)

Johnsongrass (Sorghum halapense)

Round sheath; membranous, tall, jagged ligule; blade smooth with prominent midvein; no auricles.

72

Junglerice (Echinochloa colona)

Northern jointvetch (curly indigo)(Aeschynomene virginica)

73

Palmleaf morningglory (Ipomoea wrightii )

Pitted morningglory (Ipomoea lacunosa)

74

75

Red rice (Oryza sativa)

Rice cutgrass (Leersia oryzoides)

Roundleaf mudplantain (Heteranthera  reniformis)

76

 

Smartweed (Polygonum spp.)

Smallflower Umbrella Sedge (Cyperus difformis)

77

               

 

Waterhyssop (Bacopa spp.)

Yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus)

Stems and leaves triangular, reproduces by seed and tubers.

78

no

cont

rol,

10 =

100

! c

ontro

l)(0

= sgnita

R  esnopseR  dee

W  edicibreH  ecnegre

meerP

Sedg

es

Yellow nutsedge2 8 0 0 0 0 0 4 3 0

Umbrella sedge 0 0 0 0 0 - 4 3 0

Spikerush - 0 - - 7 7 7 5 0

Flatsedges2 8 0 5 5 8 5 7 7 0

Broa

dlea

f Wee

ds

Water hyssop - 0 6 6 6 6 7 5 0

Texasweed 8 0 0 0 - 0 --

- 0

Smartweed - 0 0 0 5 6 5 2

Pitted Morningglory 2 0 7 8 8 8 5 - 3

Pigweed, Palmer 0 6 4 6 5 4 - - 0

Palmleaf morningglory 2 0 7 8 8 8 5 - 4

Northern jointvetch(curly indigo)

7 0 7 7 8 8 5 - 3

Indian jointvetch 7 0 7 7 8 8 5 - 3

Hemp sesbania(coffeebean)

9 0 6 7 8 7 5 - 2

Groundcherry - - 8 - - 8 - - -

Gooseweed - 0 3 3 5 4 6 6 0

False Pimpernel - 0 3 3 7 3 8 5 -

Eclipta - 0 8 8 9 8 8 - 3

Ducksalad - 4 3 3 7 3 7 6 3

Dayflower - 0 5 5 7 6 8 6 3

Ammania (red stem) - 0 3 3 6 3 7 3 0

Gras

ses

Sprangletop(tighthead / Amazon)

0 6 0 7 8 9 7 8 9

Sprangletop(loosehead / bearded)

0 6 0 7 8 9 7 8 9

Rice cutgrass 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Red rice 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8* 0

Fall panicum 0 7 9 9 9 10 7 - 9

Crabgrass 0 8 9 9 9 10 7 7 9

Broadleaf signalgrass 0 6 9 9 9 10 5 7 9

Barnyardgrass1 0 8 9 9 9 10 7 8 9

Herbicide MOA 2 3 4 4,3

4,8

4,13 8 8 13

Herb

icid

esLe

ague

Prow

l3

Face

t5

Face

t + P

rowl

3

Face

t + B

olero

3

Obey

(Fac

et +

Com

man

d)Bo

lero3

Boler

o4

Com

man

d5

79

1 Som

e bio

types

of b

arny

ardg

rass

are

resis

tant

to C

omm

and,

pro

panil

, Fac

et, b

oth

Face

t and

pro

panil

, and

New

path

, Gra

sp a

nd R

egim

ent.

So

me

biotyp

es o

f flat

sedg

e an

d ye

llow

nutse

dge

are

resis

tant

to P

erm

it, Pe

rmit P

lus, R

egim

ent,

Stra

da, G

rasp

, and

New

path

.

*Wat

er se

ed p

inpoin

t floo

d cu

lture

5 PRE/

delay

ed P

RE

W

ater

seed

ed

42 3 De

layed

PRE

**R

ead

and

follo

w all

labe

l dire

ction

s whe

n us

ing th

ese

prod

ucts.

**

eBr

oadl

eaf W

Gras

ses

no

cont

rol,

10 =

100

! c

ontro

l)(0

=  sgnita

R  esnopseR  dee

 W ecnegremetso

P  ylraE

Sedg

es

Yellow nutsedge 0 0 6 6 8 9 9 5 7 0 9

Umbrella sedge 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 3

Spikerush 0 0 8 8 9 - - - - - -

Flatsedges 0 0 9 8 9 8 8 8 9 5 9

eds

Water hyssop 0 0 8 9 0 - - 6 - 3 -

Texasweed 0 0 7 0 5 5 5 7 6 0 9

Smartweed 0 0 7 6 9 4 8 10 5 0 7

Pitted Morningglory 0 0 5 5 7 4 5 5 4 8 9

Pigweed, Palmer 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4

Palmleaf morningglory 0 0 4 5 5 0 3 4 3 8 9

Northern jointvetch(curly indigo)

0 0 8 6 0 6 7 7 9 8 9

Indian jointvetch 0 0 8 6 0 3 5 7 8 8 9

Hemp sesbania(coffeebean)

0 0 8 6 0 9 9 8 9 8 8

Groundcherry 0 0 8 0 9 6 8 - 4 8 4

Gooseweed 0 0 - 9 5 4 4 0 - 3 -

False Pimpernel 0 0 - 9 0 - - - - 3 -

Eclipta 0 0 8 8 0 5 7 7 7 9 5 Ducksalad 0 0 9 9 7 3 7 9 6 3 4 Dayflower 0 0 8 7 5 8 9 9 7 3 8

Ammania (red stem) 0 0 7 9 8 5 8 6 8 3 8

Sprangletop(tighthead / Amazon)

8 8 0 0 7 0 0 2 0 0 0

Sprangletop(loosehead / bearded)

9 9 0 0 8 0 0 3 0 0 0

Rice cutgrass 2 2 6 0 9 5 5 7 0 2 0

Red rice 0 0 0 0 9.5 0 0 0 0 0 0

Fall panicum 9 7 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 6 0

Crabgrass 5 8 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 7 0

Broadleaf signalgrass 9 9 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 9 0

Barnyardgrass1 8 9 8 0 9 0 0 8 0 8 0

Herbicide MOA 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 4,2

Herb

icide

sCl

inche

rRi

cesta

r HT

Gras

pLo

ndax

Newp

ath

fbNe

wpat

hPe

rmit

Perm

it Plus

Regim

ent

Stra

daFa

cet

Gran

dsta

nd +

Perm

it

80

Face

t +pr

opan

il 4,

7 9

9 7

9 0

2 4

5 6

5 6

9 7

5 8

9 9

9 8

8 8

6 6

8 9

9 3

5 Gr

ands

tand

+Pr

opan

il 4,

7 9

9 7

9 0

0 4

5 9

5 8

9 8

8 4

9 9

9 9

9 9

7 8

8 9

9 3

5 Ba

sagr

an

6 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 8

9 6

8 7

7 0

3 3

3 8

0 3

7 0

8 8

8 7

6 Ba

sagr

an +

prop

anil

6,7

9 9

7 9

0 2

4 5

9 9

7 9

8 7

4 9

9 9

8 7

5 8

6 9

9 9

8 7

Prop

anil

7 9

9 7

9 0

1 4

5 6

5 7

8 7

5 -

9 9

9 4

7 4

6 6

8 9

9 5

4 Pr

opan

il fb

prop

anil

7 9

9 7

9 0

2 7

8 6

6 7

9 7

5 -

9 9

9 5

9 5

8 6

8 9

9 6

6 Pr

opan

il +Lo

ndax

7,

2 9

9 7

9 0

2 4

5 9

8 7

9 8

9 0

9 9

9 9

7 9

8 5

8 9

9 6

8 Pr

opan

il +Pe

rmit

7,2

9 9

7 9

0 1

4 5

6 9

7 8

7 5

6 10

9

9 4

7 4

6 5

8 9

9 3

9 Pr

opan

il +Pr

owl

7,3

9 9

7 9

0 1

9 9

7 5

7 9

7 6

-9 †

9 †

9 †

5

7 5

6 4

7 9

7 3

5 Pr

opan

il +Bo

lero

7,8

9 9 †

7

9 0

2 9

9 8

8 8

9 9

6 -

9 †

9 †

9 †

5 0

5 6

4 9

9 9

8 5

Aim

14

0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 6

7 5

7 -

-8

9 6

6 10

6

10

9 3

7 0

0 3

0 Sh

arpe

n 14

0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 8

7 5

9 -

7 8

9 9

9 9

9 10

-

8 8

8 -

6 6

Ultra

Blaz

er +

prop

anil

14,7

8

8 7

8 0

1 4

5 6

5 7

8 7

5 8

9 6

9 8

9 8

7 3

8 8

8 2

5

81

1 Som

e bio

types

of b

arny

ardg

rass

are

resis

tant

to C

omm

and,

pro

panil

, Fac

et, b

oth

Face

t and

pro

panil

, and

New

path

, Gra

sp, a

nd R

egim

ent.

2 Som

e bio

types

of f

latse

dge

and

yello

w nu

tsedg

e ar

e re

sista

nt to

Per

mit,

Perm

it Plus

, Reg

imen

t, St

rada

, Gra

sp, a

nd N

ewpa

th.

*Wat

er se

ed p

inpoin

t floo

d cu

lture

† P

oste

mer

genc

e co

ntro

l only

**R

ead

and

follo

w all

labe

l dire

ction

s whe

n us

ing th

ese

prod

ucts.

**

= no

con

trol,

10 =

100

! c

ontro

l) (0

  sgnita

R  esnopseR  dee

 W edicibreH  nosaesdi

M

82

Sedg

es

Yellow nutsedge 5 6 3 3 4 0

Umbrella sedge 3 3 5 5 5 0

Spikerush 8 8 8 7 7 0

Flatsedges 8 8 5 5 6 0

Broa

dlea

f Wee

ds

Water hyssop 9 9 8 8 8 0

Texasweed 0 0 0 0 0 0

Smartweed 6 7 5 3 7 6

Pitted Morningglory 9 9 9 0 8 3

Pigweed, Palmer 8 9 7 6 7 6

Palmleaf morningglory 9 8 9 3 7 3

Northern jointvetch (curly indigo) 5 8 9 5 6 0

Indian jointvetch 5 8 8 5 6 0

Hemp sesbania (coffeebean) 9 9 9 8 9 9

Groundcherry 5 5 3 4 5 3

Gooseweed 6 8 7 0 2 0

False Pimpernel 9 9 8 4 5 0

Eclipta 9 9 6 4 5 0

Ducksalad 9 8 6 3 4 0 Dayflower 9 9 - 0 2 0 Ammania (red stem) 9 9 9 4 5 0

Gras

ses

Sprangletop (tighthead / Amazon) 0 6 0 0 0 0

Sprangletop (loosehead / bearded) 0 6 0 0 0 0

Rice cutgrass 0 0 0 0 0 0

Red rice 0 0 0 0 0 0

Fall panicum 0 6 2 4 5 0

Crabgrass 0 2 2 4 5 0

Broadleaf signalgrass 0 6 2 4 5 0

Barnyardgrass 0 6 2 4 5 0

Herbicide MOA 4 4,7

4,7 7 7,14 14

Herb

icid

es2,

4-D

2,4-

D +

prop

anil

Gran

dsta

nd +

prop

anil

Prop

anil

Prop

anil +

Ultra

Blaz

erUl

tra B

lazer

**Rea

d an

d fo

llow

all la

bel d

irecti

ons w

hen

using

thes

e pr

oduc

ts.**

= no

con

trol,

10 =

100

! c

ontro

l)(0

   *)sdee

W  regraL(  lortno

C  dee W eeve

L

83

Broa

dlea

f Wee

ds

Smartweed 0 0 6 5 6 8 0 9 9 7 7 5 7 7 - 6

Sicklepod 0 0 0 5 5 5 4 6 9 3 6 0 4 3 6 0

Prickly side(Teaweed)

0 0 4 0 2 3 - 2 9 4 3 4 2 2 6 2

Palmleaf morningglory

0 0 4 4 3 4 - 0 9 5 9 4 3 8 8 6

Palmer amaranth

0 0 0 - 0 0 0 - 8 0 4 0 6 3 8 4

Northern jointvetch

0 0 0 7 6 7 5 7 5 5 9 0 8 3 8 0

Hemp sesbania(coffeebean)

0 0 0 5 8 8 5 7 9 7 9 2 9 6 8 9

Groundcherry 0 0 3 - 0 0 - - 6 6 5 2 3 3 7 3

Entire/Ivyleafmorningglory

6 8 4 - 0 0 - - 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0

Gras

ses

Foxtail spp. 0 0 4 6 5 6 3 4 8 6 9 4 4 8 9 7

Crabgrass 0 3 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 3 0 0 0

Broadleaf signalgrass

6 4 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 6 0 0 0

Bermudagrass 3 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0

Barnyardgrass 7 6 7 7 0 0 0 8 0 6 0 0 6 0 0 0

Herbicide MOA 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 4 4 6 7 14 14 14

Herb

icid

esCl

inche

rRi

cesta

r HT

Beyo

ndGr

asp

Perm

itPe

rmit P

lusSt

rada

Regim

ent

2,4-

DFa

cet

Gran

dsta

ndBa

sagr

anPr

opan

ilAi

mSh

arpe

nUl

tra B

lazer

*For

goo

d lev

ee b

road

leaf w

eed

cont

rol, a

com

binat

ion o

f pro

ducts

is n

eede

d, e

spec

ially

wher

e 2,

4-D

cann

ot b

e us

ed. A

pplyi

ng F

acet

or o

ther

resid

uals

prior

to w

eed

emer

genc

e is

reco

mm

ende

d in

2,4-

D re

strict

ed a

reas

.**R

ead

and

follo

w all

labe

l dire

ction

s whe

n us

ing th

ese

prod

ucts.

**

Herbicide  Modes  of  Action  and  Resistance

MOA Herbicides

Weeds Resistant to This Groupin Arkansas

1

Postemergencegrass herbicide(ACCase inhibitor)Hoelon, Axial, Select,Fusilade, Clincher,Ricestar HT, Assure II,Poast

annual ryegrass

2

ALS inhibitor herbicide Newpath, Classic,Staple, FirstRate,Scepter, SynchronyXP, FirstShot,Harmony, Oust,Regiment, Permit,Finesse

annual ryegrass,pigweed, commoncocklebur, red rice,barnyardgrass,annual nutsedge,smallflower, umbrellasedge, and yellownutsedge

3 DNA herbicides Prowl H2O, Treflan,Sonolan, Barricade,Pendimax, Trilin

goosegrass

4 Synthetic auxinsFacet

barnyardgrass

7

Photosyntheticinhibitors (amides)Propanil(SuperWham, Stam,others)

barnyardgrass

8 Inhibitor of lipidsynthesis (notACCase)Bolero

none

84

MOA Herbicides

Weeds Resistant to This Groupin Arkansas

9

EPSPS inhibitor Roundup

horseweed, Palmer pigweed, commonragweed, giantragweed, annual ryegrass,johnsongrass

10 Glutamine synthaseinhibitor Liberty

none

13 Pigment inhibitorsCommand

barnyardgrass

14 PPO inhibitors Valor, Flexstar, Ultra Blazer

none

15 Acetamide herbicides Dual, Lasso, Degree,Outlook, Parlay

none

85

snoitatoR  eci

R  ni  sedicibreH  no

mmo

C  rof  slavretnI  kcaB­tnal

P  porC­

woR He

rbic

ide

Cotto

n Fi

eld

Corn

Gr

ain

Sorg

hum

Ri

ce

Soyb

eans

W

heat

2,

4-D

28D

7D

7D

21D

14D

7D

Aim

I

I I

I I

I Ba

sagr

an

I I

I I

I I

Beyo

nd

9M

8.5M

9M

9M

13

I 3M

Bo

lero

6M

6M

6M

6M

6M

6M

Clar

ity

21D12

I

15D

22D

14D12

22

D Cl

earp

ath7

18M

10

M

18M

18

M13

10

M

10M

Cl

inche

r SF

3M

3M

3M

I 3M

3M

Co

mm

and

I 9M

9M

I

I 4M

21

Disti

nct

30D14

7D

30

D14

30D14

30

D14

30D14

Ex

pres

s 14

D6 14

D6 14

D6 0D

7D

6 0D

Fa

cet L

10

M

10M

I

I 10

M

I Fi

rstS

hot

14D6

14D6

14D6

I 7D

6 I

Gran

dsta

nd

4M

4M

4M

I 4M

4M

Gr

asp/

Xtra

3M

3M

3M

3M

3M

3M

Le

ague

8M

12

M

12M

I

12M

12

M

Lond

ax

4M

4M

4M

I 4M

4M

Ne

wpat

h7 18

M

8.5M

18

M

18M

13

I 4M

Ob

ey

309D

30

9D

309D

I

309D

30

9D

Perm

it/

HaloM

ax/

Perm

it Plus

4M

1M

2M

I

9M16

,19

2M

86

87

Prop

anil

I I

I I

I I

Prow

l I

FS

FS

FS

I 4M

Re

gimen

t FY

FY

FY

I

FY

FY

Rice

Beau

x 60

D 60

D 60

D I

60D

60D

Rice

star H

T 30

D 30

D 30

D I

30D

4M

Selec

t/Sele

ct M

ax

I 30

D 30

D 30

D I

30D

Shar

pen

1.5-

3M21

I

I I

0-30

D21

I St

orm

10

0D

100D

10

0D

I I

40D

Stra

da P

RO

6M

3M

3M

I 9M

3M

St

rada

XT7

30

9D

309D

30

9D

I 30

9D

309D

Ul

tra B

lazer

10

0D

100D

10

0D

I I

40D

Valor

30

D6 30

D6 30

D6 30

D6 I

30D6

*Not

all

herb

icid

e lis

ted

labe

led

for u

se in

rice

– h

erbi

cide

s lis

ted

com

mon

ly u

sed

in ri

ce, i

n ric

e ro

tatio

ns, o

r for

bur

ndow

n.

ime

inter

val in

crea

ses w

ith in

crea

se o

f rat

e an

d so

il pH

level.

p

er se

ason

; only

Soy

bean

s may

be

plant

ed th

e fo

llowi

ng ye

ar.

app

licat

ion ra

te a

nd d

oes n

ot b

egin

until

1 inc

h of

rainf

all is

rece

ived.

Clea

rfield

Rice

may

be

plant

ed a

t any

time

afte

r app

licat

ion o

f Bey

ond,

Clea

rpat

h or

New

path

. o

r les

s use

d an

d 1

inch

of ra

infall

/irrig

ation

rece

ived

afte

r app

licat

ion.

Rota

tion

inter

val fo

r Soy

bean

s is 2

mon

ths w

here

pH

is les

s tha

n 7.

5.

ime

inter

val is

bas

ed o

n 8

oz/A

TT For N

ewpa

th u

se ra

tes g

reat

er th

an 8

oz/A

If 4

oz/A

STS

Soyb

eans

can

be p

lante

d im

med

iately

.

Rota

tion

inter

vals

incre

ase

with

high

er a

pplic

ation

rate

.

6 7 12 13 14 16 19 21

Rainfall­Free  Periods  for  Postemergence  Rice

Herbicide Time Before Rainfall 2,4-D 6 hours Aim 1 hour Basagran 8 hours Beyond 4 hours Bolero none on label Clincher 1 hour Facet none on label Grasp 1 hour League 6 hours Newpath 4 hours Permit/Permit Plus 1 hour Propanil 6 hours Regiment 8 hours Ricestar HT 1 hour Sharpen 1 hour Storm 8 hours Strada 6 hours Ultra Blazer 4 hours

88

                          

                                

                        

                          

Herbicide  Injury  to  Rice

Newpath injury to Clearfield rice

Not common, but can occur under cool, wet conditions.Symptoms include yellowing and interveinal chlorosis (leavesappear to have yellow stripes). Symptoms can be induced whenNewpath or Beyond is tank­mixed with another ALS herbicide such as Regiment or Grasp. Drain and dry the field to allow rice to recover.

Paraquat injury to rice

Symptoms include burned spots or lesions resulting in no yield loss unless filling grains directly contacted.

89

                              

                     

Glyphosate injury

Vegetative injury results in stunting, but may not reduce yields;however, reproductive injury can/will lead to potentially signifi­cant yield loss. Timing of injury as important as rate of herbicide.

90

               

Select/ACCase injury

Symptoms include death of primary shoots typical of graminicides.Injury can be severe, often yield losses are not great, but adelay in maturity is common. Often only the main or center tilleris affected.

91

                        

   

Glufosinate injury

Symptoms include “water­soaked” leaves and yellowdiscoloration in spots. Typically not yield­limiting, even with severe crop response.

92

                                       

                 

Permit injury

Rare and usually in combination with very high pH, symptomsinclude bright yellow plants and interveinal chlorosis. Removal ofstanding water key to recovery.

Glyphosate tank contamination

Direct application of high rates can result in plant death.

93

                                                            

Delayed Phytotoxicity Syndrome (DPS,Delayed Phytotoxic Shock)

Symptoms can vary but include excessive tillering, twisting oftillers and “fish­hooking” of roots. Multiple herbicides includingFacet and Bolero can be responsible, in combination with theright set of environmental conditions or stress on plants.

94