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ICTs and diffusion of water ICTs and diffusion of water constraints’ adaptation constraints’ adaptation
strategies towards sorghum strategies towards sorghum farmers in the context of farmers in the context of
Climate ChangeClimate Change
(Far-north Cameroon)(Far-north Cameroon)
Salé ABOU, Researcher/Lecturer, IRAD/CRRAD Maroua (Cameroon)
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PLANPLAN
I. INTRODUCTION
II. METHODOLOGY
III. RESULTS
IV. CONCLUSIONS
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I. INTRODUCTIONI. INTRODUCTIONSorghum, basic food of the population (Minader 2012);
Climate change, water constraints, accentuating inadequacy population/production;
Adaptation stratégies do exist but lack of adoption (GIEC 2007; ECOWAS 2008);
Information access lackings due to many factors among which the diverse limitations of interpersonnal cc (Kaboré 2011);
Contribution of ICTs to the diffusion of water constraints’ adaptation strategies.
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II. METHODOLOGYII. METHODOLOGYSites’ choice: Diamaré Division (fig.1), 20 villages (10 Dry season sorghum, 10 rainy season sorghum);
Sampling: randomly 30 sorghum producers per village (600 farmers);
Data collection: focus-groups, questionnaire;
Data analysis: Descriptive stat. (Frequencies and Kendall test of agreement, Crosstabs);
ICTs of interest: radio, telephone and agricultural newspapers
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Figure1Research area and
sites
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III. RESULTSIII. RESULTSIII.1.Main water constraints and adaptation strategiesIII.1.Main water constraints and adaptation strategies
Water constraintsPerception
rate Adaptation strategies Adoption rate
Delayed rains 80.50 % Crops’ diversification 85.33 %
Rainfall water amount reduction 80 %
Diversification of economic activities 80.50 %
Frequent and longer dry spells 62 %
Diversification of crops’ varieties 71.33 %
Crops’ drying up61.67 %
Sowing/planting of drought resistant crops varieties 62.33 %
Early rainwater cut off 61.33 % Sowing/planting of early matured varieties
61.66 %
Bad water spatial distribution 58.33 % Basins’ building 50.33 %
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III. RESULTSIII. RESULTSIII.2. Use of communication channelsIII.2. Use of communication channels
Communication channels Access’ rate
Interpersonnal communication channels (formal and informal)
100 %
Radio 87.50 %
Telephone 71.33 %
Newspapers 33.17 %
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III.RESULTSIII.RESULTSIII.3.III.3. Communication channels’ Communication channels’ contribution to improvement of farmers’ contribution to improvement of farmers’ agricultural knowledge agricultural knowledge
Communication channels Mean Rank OrderKendall test of
agreement
Interpersonnal communication channels 1.38 1 N 600
Kendall W 0.765
Probability 0.000
Radio 1.99 2
Newspapers 4.02 3
Telephone 4.74 4
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III.RESULTSIII.RESULTSIII.4.III.4. Adaptation strategies’ diffusion Adaptation strategies’ diffusion through ICTsthrough ICTs
ICTS
Adaptation strategies
Radio Telephone Newspapers
Sowing/Planting of early matured
varieties
31.17 % 29.67 % 03 %
Basins’ building 39.17 % 14.67 % 17 %
Fertilizer/Organic manure use
64 % 0 25.33 %
Early planting/sowing
20.88 % 64.83 % 0
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IV.CONCLUSIONS/RECOMMENDATIONSIV.CONCLUSIONS/RECOMMENDATIONSIn order to enhance innovations’ diffusion by ICTs, we suggest that governments :
Invest more in research so as to produce more and new innovations for farmers;
Create conditions that favor farmers’ acces to ICTs (roads, electricity, socioeconomic conditions);
Create more rural radios and support diffusion of innovations through its channel;
Identification of innovations to be diffused as well as the diffusion process should be participative (facilitate farmers access and adoption). 12/12/2014 10
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THANK YOU THANK YOU