HUMANITIES 221

3 WAYS OF REPRESENTING THE SUBJECT

• REALISM

• NON-REPRESENTATIONAL

Jackson Pollock. No. 5.

1948. Oil on fiberboard. Private

Collection

• ABSTRACTION

by geometric shapes (Cubism)

Three Musicians. Pablo Picasso. 1921. Oil on Canvas. Museum of

Modern Art

by distorting

The Scream of Nature. Edvard

Munch. 1893. Oil, tempera and

pastel on cardboard.

National Gallery, Oslo, Norway

by elongating

The Resurrection.

El Greco. 1595. Oil on Canvas.

Museo del Prado, Madrid,

Spain

Constantin Brancusi. Bird in Space. 1923.

Bronze

unusual view

NOTABLE ART MOVEMENTS

IMPRESSIONISM (c. 1870- 1890). The Impressionists searched for a more exact analysis of the effects of color and light in nature. They sought to capture the atmosphere of a particular time of day or the effects of different weather conditions.

CLAUDE MONET (1840-1926)'Rouen Cathedral in Full Sunlight', 1893/4

(oil on canvas)

Frédéric Bazille (1841–1870), Paysage au bord du Lez, 1870, Minneapolis Institute of Art

Post Impressionism (c. 1185-1905) Post impressionists sought independent artistic styles for expressing emotions rather than simply optical impressions, concentrating on themes of deeper symbolism. Through the use of simplified colors and definitive forms, their art was characterized by a renewed aesthetic sense as well as abstract tendencies.

The Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte, 1884–1886, at The Art Institute of Chicago

FAUVISM (c. 1905- 1910) Fauvists were delighted in using outrageously bold colors. believed that color should be used at its highest pitch to express the artist's feelings about a subject, rather than simply to describe what it looks like.

HENRI MATISSE (1869-1954)'The Open Window, Collioure', 1905

(oil on canvas)

EXPRESSIONISM (c. 1905- 1925) Expressionism is a term that embraces an early 20th century style of art, music and literature that is charged with an emotional and spiritual vision of the world.

VINCENT VAN GOGH (1853-1890)'Sunflowers', 1888 (oil on canvas)

CUBISM (c. 1907- 1915) The Cubists believed thatthe traditions of Western art had become exhausted and to revitalize their work, they drew on the expressive energy of art from other cultures, particularly African art.

Pablo Picasso, Les Demoiselles d'Avignon, 1907, considered to be a major step towards the founding of

the Cubist movemen

FUTURISM (c. 1909-1914) The Futurists glorified industrialization, technology, and transport along with the speed, noise and energy of urban life. In a Futurist painting the subject itself seems to move around the artist.

Nude Descending a Staircase (No.2)/Nu descendant un Escalier.

No.2. 1912. Oil on canvas 147.5 x 89 cm. The Philadelphia Museum of Art

ART: THE CREATIVE PROCESSForm

The Artist

The Subject

The Process

Medium

Technique

7 MAJOR FORMS OF ART

• VISUAL ARTS• ARCHITECTURE• MUSIC• DANCE• THEATRE• FILM• LITERATURE

VISUAL ARTS

ELEMENTS OF THE VISUAL ARTS

1. LINE is a mark on a surface that defines a shape or an outline. It suggests movement.

FORMS:

• ACTUAL LINE

• IMPLIED LINE

• CONTOUR LINE

KINDS OF LINES VERTICAL LINES express stability and show dignity, poise, stiffness, formality and upward

mobility.

The Cyclists. Luiz Badia. Acrylic on canvas

HORIZONTAL LINES express feelings of rest, peace, quiet and stability, permanence or solidarity. It makes one feel relaxed and calm.

Cobalt Sky. Ampersand Gessobord. Oil on canvas

DIAGONAL LINES show movement.

Spoliarium. Juan Luna. Oil on poplar.National Museum of the Philippines.

CURVED LINES

JAGGED or CROOKED LINES

Battle of Lepanto. Juan Luna. Senate Hall of Madrid

FORM: SHAPE(2D)/VOLUME(3D) IS AN ENCLOSED LINE.

Two ways of creating Form:

1. Line

2. Color

COLOR IS AN ELEMENT RESULTING FROM THE LIGHT WAVES REFLECTED FROM OBJECTS TO YOUR EYES.

Three Dimensions of Color

1. HUE is the name of a specific color in the color spectrum or the bands of color that are present in the color wheel.

• YELLOW- lightest hue; reflects more light

• VIOLET- darkest hue; reflects least light

• BLACK,WHITE,GRAY- neutral colors

2. VALUE refers to the lightness or darkness of a color or the amount of light in a color.

CHIAROSCURO is the arrangement of light and shadow.

Tint- light value

Shade- dark value

3. INTENSITY refers to the brightness or dullness of a hue

COLOR SCHEMES1. MONOCHROMATIC- one hue

2. ANALOGOUS- any three hues found side by side within the 12-part color wheel

3. COMPLEMENTARY- hues that are opposite in the color wheel

4. SPLIT COMPLEMENTARY- combination of one hue

5. POLYCHROMATIC- many hues

6. ACHROMATIC- use of neutral colors

SPACE REFERS TO THE EMPTINESS OF AREA BETWEEN OBJECTS.

Two Types:

POSITIVE Space

NEGATICE Space

PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

• UNITY is the oneness achieved through the effective use of the elements of art and its principles.

• VARIETY refers to the difference or contrast of elements or objects within an artwork.

• RHYTHM refers to the repetition of the design.

• PROPORTION is the relative relationship of one part to another.

• BALANCE is the state of equilibrium in an artwork. It may be:

Formal

Informal

• PERSPECTIVE is a graphic system that creates the illusion of depth and volume on two- dimensional surface.