Post on 18-Dec-2015
Home NetworkingHome Networking
prepared for
FCCTechnical Advisory Committee
18 September 200218 September 2002
Broadband Way(Yesterday vs. Tomorrow)
• 1 cable modem/3 mo• 568 user network• 2400 Bps connectivity• $18,000 per unit• Data only• Luxury feature
• 1 cable modem/0.1 sec
• 100 million users• 100,000,000 bps• Less than $10 per unit• Video, data, voice• Key element of life
1988 2010
In North America, installing a cable modem every 8 seconds and a DSL modem every
16 seconds
Home NetworkingThree Dimensions
Applicatio
ns
IndustryEfforts
Network Technologie
s
Network Technologies• Connections
– Wired vs. wireless• Power line, phone line, dedicated line, wireless
– Synchronous, asynchronous
• Carry IP and MPEG• Some do it “better” than others
– Faster throughput, Lower latency– Native QoS– More reliable– Easier to install– RF / electrical integrity– Wireless spectrum issues
Technology– IEEE 802.3– IEEE 802.11– HomePlug™– HomeRF™– HomePNA™– Bluetooth™– IEEE 1394– UWB – Etc.
Applications and the Marketplace will shake this out
Applications
IndustryEfforts
Network Technologi
es
Technology Survey
Other considerations: Native QoS ? Security ?
peak distanceBW (Mbps) limit (m)
IEEE 1394a 400 5UWB 100 - 500 10IEEE 802.11a 54 50HomeRF™ 2.0 20 50HomePlug™ 1.0 14 300IEEE 802.11b 11 100HomePNA™ 2.0 10 30010Base-T 10 100Bluetooth™ 1 10
What kind of home networking technology and equipment is installed in your home?
10Base-T (95.4%)
802.11b (0.9%)
HPNA (0.5%)
HomePlug (0.4%)
Home RF (0.3%)
Other (1.0%)
Not sure (1.5%)
Home NetworkTechnology in the Field
(n=778)
© Parks Associates 2001
Length of Time Networked
How long have your computers been networked?
5+ years (10%)
3 - 5 years (10%)
2 - 3 years (19%)
1 - 2 years (26%)
0.5 - 1 years (18%)
< 0.5 year (17%)
(n=778)
© Parks Associates 2001
Focus on PCs for now, not Multimedia (yet)
Over 60% in just the last 2 years
Applications
• Video Streaming (500 kbps – 5 Mbps)• Telemetry (up to 300 kbps)• Web Surfing/E-mail (up to 200 kbps)• Streaming (up to 200 kbps)• Fast-twitch games (up to 128 kbps)• Voice (up to 128 kbps)• Meter reading (bps)• Toggling a light switch (bps)
New stuff every day, and higher bandwidth
Applications– web– email– calendar– games– audio– video– voice– home
automation– home security
Applications
IndustryEfforts
Network Technologi
es
Bandwidth Needs• Yesterday
– low bandwidth• E.g., designed for 56 kbps dialup
– Symmetric: email (no attachments)– Asymmetric: web browsing
• Today– High bandwidth, moving toward symmetry– but mainly store and forward
• digital images• Peer-to-peer
• Tomorrow– Real-time streaming (controlled latency and jitter)– Prioritized
Gross Traffic is Nearly Symmetric• Average up/downstream data flow symmetry
is 1.4– Data flow has been fairly stable since September
2001
Symmetry
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
May-01 Jun-01 Jul-01 Aug-01 Sep-01
Symmetry
• Average individual user symmetry (independent of volume) is 4:1• 30% of users have more upstream than downstream use• Symmetry tends to increase as use increases Data flow symmetry is skewed by big users
More on Symmetry and Traffic• Traffic breakdown of a major ISP
– Backbone traffic = 26 Gbps– 17 Gbps into homes, 9 Gbps out of homes
• Symmetry = 1 : 1.8– 34% peer-to-peer– 27% web– 18% net news
– 21% other
– 50% of sub’s use only 5% of the bandwidth– Other 50% of sub’s use 95% of the
bandwidthNationwide footprint – August 2002
Industry Efforts
• Ad Hoc Network– Consumer runs the home network
• Finds their own services
• Managed Network– Network– Services– Network + Services
Efforts– Zeroconf– UPnP™– OSGi™– CableHome™– ITU SG 9– CEA R7.3
(VHN)– HAVi– BlueTooth™– Jini™
Differing Semantics, Consumer Choice
Applications
IndustryEfforts
Network Technologi
es
Group Details• ZeroConf
– no centralized configuration, management, or administration
• UPnP™– IP and A/V services, on the home network
• OSGi™– offering services over any IP network
• CableHome™– IP and A/V, home network and access network services
• BlueTooth™– IP home network services using BlueTooth wireless
• VHN– CEA standards committee R7.4. Adopted UPnP + extensions
• HAVi– audio/video home network services using IEEE1394
• Jini™– Requires adopting JAVA as the implementation language
Compare/contrast
• ITU Study Group 9– ITU J.191 (Draft)
• Managed networking • Basic Residential Gateway (centralized data
store)– DHCP, DNS, NAT, Firewall, etc.
• IETF Zero Configuration Working Group– ad hoc networking – No centralized servers or data stores
Access Network+
service provider+
Internet
X.10
analog
10B-T
ITU J.191 Network - enabling services
DHCP, DNS, NAT, Firewall, etc. configured by service provider
1394
Power line
Phone line
10B-T
ZeroConf Network - enabling IP networks
1394
Power line
Phone line
Internet
Simple Ethernet switch configured by user
Home Networking Summary
• Choice aboundsApplications
IndustryEfforts
Network Technologi
es
Industry Efforts– Zeroconf– UPnP™– OSGi™– CableHome™– ITU SG 9– CEA R7.3
(VHN)– HAVi– BlueTooth™– Jini™– Etc.
Technology– IEEE 802.3– IEEE 802.11– HomePlug™– HomeRF™– HomePNA™– Bluetooth™– IEEE 1394– UWB– Etc.
But what is easy to do and adds value ?
Applications– web– email– calendar– gaming– audio– video– voice– home
automation– home security– Etc.