HighlyAutonomousVehiclesandTheirAn6cipatedImpactson

LawEnforcement

GHSALawEnforcementLiaison(LEL)NetworkFebruary15,2017

BrianUrsino,AAMVA,DirectorofLawEnforcement

Foundedin1933,theAmericanAssocia5onofMotorVehicleAdministrators(AAMVA)representstheMotorVehicleandStatePolice/HighwayPatrolandProvincialPoliceAdministratorsofall69states,provincesandterritoriesoftheU.S.andCanada

AAMVA Board of Directors

Driver Committee

Vehicle Committee

Driver Committee

Law Enforcement Committee

Vehicle Committee

Autonomous Vehicle

Working Group

Working Group

Working Group

Working Group

Working Group

Working Group

Working Group

AmongAAMVA’stoppriori5esishelpingourmemberspreparefornewtechnologiesexpectedbydriverssuchas:MobileDriversLicenses…

…andAutomatedVehicles

6

Level0–NoAutoma6on

Level1–DriverAssistance

Level3–Condi6onalAutoma6on

Level4–HighAutoma6on

Level5–FullAutoma6on

Level2–Par6alAutoma6on

AAMVAisadop5ngclassifica5ontermssimilartoSAE:

ThetermHighlyAutomatedVehicles(HAV)hasbeenadoptedbyNHTSAwhichincludesSAELevels3,4and5.

Source:Na5onalCouncilforStateLegislatures

UniformguidelinesforHighlyAutonomousVehicledeploymentandopera5onwillprovidecertaintyforOEMs,aidinthequickandefficient

deploymentofthesevehicles,andenhancetrafficsafety

Year-over-yeargrowthinStatesintroducingAVLegisla5on

StatesIntroducingAVLegisla6on

PublishedSeptember2016andcanbefoundatwww.transporta5on.gov/AVSec6on1–VehiclePerformanceGuidanceforAutomatedVehicles(outlinesbestprac5cesforsafepre-deploymentdevelopmentandtes5ngpriortocommercialsale;setsUSDOTexpecta5onsofindustry).Sec6on2–ModelStatePolicy(recognizesstates’sovereigntywhileencouragingaconsistentna5onalframeworkratherthanapatchworkofinconsistentlaws.ReferencespartnershipwithAAMVA).

Sec6on3–NHTSA’sCurrentRegulatoryTools(beingexpandedtoincludestreamlinedreviewandexemp5onrequestprocesses).Sec6on4–NewToolsandAuthori6es(Iden5fiespoten5alnewtools,authori5esandregulatorystructuretoenablesafeandexpedi5ousdeploymentofnewtechnologies).

Sec6onTwo–TheAAMVAAVWGprovidedsignificantinputintothecontentcontainedinSec6onTwo–ModelStatePolicy:Recognizesstates’sovereignty.Thepolicyclearlydelineates:ü  FederalResponsibili6es

ü  StateResponsibili6es

ü  TheModelStatePolicy

ConcurrentwiththedevelopmentoftheFederalAutomatedVehiclesPolicy,theAAMVAAutonomousVehicleWorkingGroupwasandisworkingoncomple5ng“GuidelinesfortheRegula5onofHighlyAutomatedVehicles”…ThisisafinalpieceofworkthatwillprovidethestatesacompaniondocumentinsupportoftheUSDOTModelStatePolicytohelpimplementthemodelstatepolicyfromastateperspec5ve.

*An6cipatepublishingin2017

TheAVWGhasthreesub-groupsfocusingonissuesimpac5ng:-  Drivers:Licensing&Tes6ng;-  Vehicles:Titling&Registra6on;and-  LawEnforcement:Concerns&Challenges

TheGuidelinesfortheRegula6onofHighlyAutomatedVehiclesmayincludethefollowinggeneraltopicalareas:•  Administra5on•  Tes5ngVehiclesonPublicRoadways•  Jurisdic5onalPermissiontoTest(PermicngProcess)•  Tes5ngbyManufacturers•  DriverTraining&Examina5onConsidera5onsforDeployedVehicles

•  Registra5onandTitleConsidera5onsforDeployedVehicles•  LawEnforcementConsidera6onsforDeployedVehicles

•  CrashandIncidentRepor6ng•  CriminalAc5vi5es•  DistractedDriving•  Enforcement/Penal5es•  FirstResponderSafety•  LawEnforcementandFirstResponderTraining•  VehicleResponsetoEmergencyVehicles,ManualTrafficControls,andAtypicalRoadCondi6ons

•  SystemMisuseandAbuse•  VehicleIden5fica5on•  Viola5onCodesProgramming•  RulesoftheRoad

TheU.S.DepartmentofTransporta5onprovidesMinimumModelUniformCrashCriteria(MMUCC)crashreportguidancetothestates.AAMVAisontheMMUCCCommieeewhichiscurrentlydevelopingtheFifhEdi5onforpublica5onin2017toincludeAVdataelements.(FourthEdi5onwaspublishedin2012)

ForpurposesoftheAAMVAReport,crashinves5ga5onrelatestoinves5ga5ngcrashesbetweenAutonomousVehicles(AVs)andothervehicles,persons,animals,orobjectswhetherornottheAVisresponsible.

AlthoughAVsmayprovidesignificantsafetybenefitsbyreducinghumanerrors,theywillinevitablybeinvolvedintrafficcrashes,especiallyduringtheyearsofini5alintroduc5onandintegra5onwiththeexis5ngmotoringpopula5on.Duetothepoten5al foruniqueopera5onalcharacteris5csofautonomousvehicles,responderstothesecrashesmaybeplacedatriskiftheyarenottrainedtothehazardstheymayencounter.

Trafficsafetyisofendependentontheabilityofadrivertorecognizeandrespondappropriatelytoawidevarietyofhazardsinanever-changingroadwayenvironment.Thesehazardsinclude,butarenotlimitedtobothmovingandstoppedemergencyvehicles,emergencyworkersandotherpedestriansmanuallydirec5ngtraffic,changingtrafficpaeernsorcondi5onsinroadwayconstruc5onandmaintenancezones,crashscenes,roaddebrisorotherobstruc5ons.TheNHTSAFederalAutomatedVehiclesPolicyreferstosuchvehicleopera5onalfunc5onsasObjectandEventDetec5onandResponse(OEDR).OEDRreferstothedetec5onbythedriverorHighlyAutomatedVehicle(HAV)systemofanycircumstancethatisrelevanttotheimmediatedrivingtask,aswellastheimplementa5onoftheappropriatedriverorHAVsystemresponsetothecircumstance.

ConcernForConnectedVehicleHackingsPromptsFederalStudyJanuary25,2017:Abipar5sanbillprescribingaHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministra5onstudyoncybersecurityinconnectedvehiclesenteredconsidera5onintheHouseofRepresenta5ves.InpartnershipwiththeFederalTradeCommission,theDefenseDepartment,andothers,thestudywouldcreateastandardforisola5ngvehiclesofwaresystems,storingsystemdata,andpreven5ngdatabreaches.AAMVAistrackingthisbillasitmovesthroughthelegisla5veprocess.

Issue:ShouldHAV’sstrictlyadheretoRulesoftheRoad?Issue:Ingeneral,manytrafficlawsaresimilarfromjurisdic5ontojurisdic5on.However,therearealsomanytrafficlawsthatarejurisdic5onspecific.Poten5alResolu5on…

NCHRP20-102(07)Implica5onsofAutoma5onforMotorVehicleCodes:

OBJECTIVE:toprovidestatedepartmentsoftransporta5on(DOTs)andmotorvehicledepartmentswithguidanceandresourcestoassistwiththelegalchangesthatwillbeneededfromtherolloutofconnectedandautomatedvehicles.

ForMoreInforma6on,Contact:

BrianUrsino,DirectorofLawEnforcementbursino@aamva.org

CathieCur6s,DirectorofVehicleProgramsccur6s@aamva.org