HIGH PERFORMANCE CPR:A BEGINNERS GUIDE TO

IMPLEMENTATION

DISCLAIMER

INTRODUCTORY REMARKS

QUESTION FOR AUDIENCE:HOW MANY OF YOU PRACTICE CPR

(OUTSIDE OF YOUR AHA CLASS)

?

BEGINNERS PERMIT

DON’T THROW OUT THE BABY WITH THE BATH WATER!

YOUR STANDARDIZEDTRAINING IS IMPORTANT!

TOO MANY PEOPLE ARE GOING HERETOO EARLY!

SURVIVAL is the

BENCHMARK for

EMS PERFORMANCE

A QUICK REVIEWOF RELATED SCIENCE

SystoleDiastole

DUTY CYCLE

DELAYS AND INTERRUPTIONS KILL!

DEATH BY HYPERVENTILATION

A COMMON EXPERIENCE IN CARDIAC ARREST

TRANSITION TIME-NO FLOW-DEFIBRILLATION

WATCH YOUR TRANSITION

FROM MANUAL TO

MECHANICAL CPR IF THESE DEVICES ARE

USED

•Perceived performance does not always match observed performance.

•Aufderheide et al. showed that duty cycle, chest compression depth and complete recoil were performed significantly less well when directly observed than EMT perceptions of their performance.

•Wik et al. showed that chest compression rate and depth were both significantly below AHA guidelines by trained EMS providers, and no flow time (when there was neither a pulse nor CPR being given) was almost 50% in directly observed performance evaluations.

•The likelihood of ROSC increases significantly with higher mean chest compression rate (in a hospital study 75% of patients achieved ROSC with 90 or more chest compressions/minute compared to only 42% with 72 or fewer chest compressions/minute).

THE PAINFUL TRUTH

COMPRESSIONS……..C

VENTILATIONS………..C

DATA COLLECTION…..D

SURVIVAL……....……….D

HAVING QUALITY TIME ON THE CHESTIS ESSENTIAL

DISTRACTIONS AROUND

EVERY CORNER

TUNNEL VISION AND ALTERATIONS

IN SITUATIONAL AWARENESS DURING RESUSCITATION

Eastern Airlines 401 crashed into the Everglades in

December of 1972 as a result of the flight crew's failure

to recognize a deactivation of the autopilot during their

attempt to troubleshoot a malfunction of the landing

gear position indicator system (an indicator light).

Fatigue and poor crew resource management (CRM)

contributed to the accident.

EA 401 gradually lost altitude while the flight crew was

preoccupied and eventually crashed.

The effect of this crash on the airline industry continues

today and has resulted in the development of Crew

Resource Management (CRM). CRM is a technique that

requires air crews to divide the work in the cockpit

amongst available crew ensuring that someone

continues focusing on flying the plane while

troubleshooting continues.

“Quality CPR is a means to improve survival from cardiac arrest. Scientific studies demonstrate when CPR is performed according to guidelines, the chances of successful resuscitation increase substantially. Minimal breaks in compressions, full chest recoil, adequate compression depth, and adequate compression rate are all components of CPR that can increase survival from cardiac arrest. Together, these components combine to create high performance CPR (HP CPR)”

Pictures are for presentation purposes only. The American Heart Association does not endorse any particular products, models or manufacturers.

EACH PERSON HAS AN ASSIGNED ROLE

AND PRACTICES AGAIN AND AGAIN!

Compress

> 2 inches

Minimize interruptions

Full recoil

Rate between 100 and 120/min

Improved survival

Switch compressors every 2 min. Hover hands

Prioritize compressions

C-A-B

Rapid rhythm analysis

Minimize pauses

Administer drugs

Intubation IV placement

EMT CPR Foundation

Paramedic Advanced Life

Support

BLS Continuous BLS 30:2

Compression/ventilation ratio 10:1 30:2

Stop for ventilations no yes

Rhythm assessment every 2 minutes every 2 minutes*

Compressions prior to rhythm assessment

2 minutes or 200 compressions variable*

•EMTs own CPR•Minimize interruptions in CPR at all times•Ensure proper depth of compressions (>2 inches)•Ensure full chest recoil/decompression•Ensure proper chest compression rate (100-120/min)•Rotate compressors every 2 minutes •Hover hands over chest during shock administration and be ready to compress as soon as patient is cleared•Intubate or place advanced airway with ongoing CPR•Place IV or IO with ongoing CPR•Coordination and teamwork between EMTs and paramedics

10 PRINCIPLES

•C-A-B•Minimize interruptions in compressions•Compress at least 100/min•Allow complete chest wall recoil/decompression between compressions•Rhythm assessment every 2 minutes•Rotate compressors every 2 minutes•Hover over patient with hands ready during defibrillation so compressions can start immediately after the shock (or analysis) has occurred

ALWAYS TRUE!

HOVERING

BREAK TIME!

1

2

3

4

5

6

PIT CREW LEADERAIRWAY LEADERDEFIB-IV/IO-MEDSCPR CHIEFCPR DEPUTY CHIEF

*VARIABLE PLAYER

PRE-ASSIGNED ROLES

1

3

24

56

BOSS

ACCESSMEDS

MONITOR

CPR 1

CPR 2

AIRWAYVENTILATION

AIRWAYASSISTANT

RESUSCITATIONPIT CREW MODEL

FEEDBACK?

PRACTICELIKEYOUPLAY

HP CPRPREVIEW

30:2

CONTINUOUS

THIS IS WHERE IT IS AT

CONTEXTUALIZETRAINING

CONTEXTUALIZE:THIS?

MEASURINGTIME

VIDEO TAPEPRACTICE

USEINSTRUMENTED

MANIKINS

FREQUENCY OF

PRACTICE

FREEING UP TIMEFOR PRACTICE

WITHELEARNING

ANDMICROSIMULATION

NON-PUNITIVE QI

Shock 1 Delivered Medics on scene: no break in CPR

Analysis 2: no shock advised

Compressions

Ventilations

DID YOU KNOW?

CARE TO LOOK AT A VIDEO?

Culture of ExcellenceIterative Process

EMDCitizen CPREarly Shock

HP CPRHypothermia

READ!READ!READ!

AND READ AGAIN!

RESOURCES

WWW.RESUSCITATIONACADEMY.ORG

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