Post on 26-Mar-2015
HealthHealthDefinition & DimensionsDefinition & Dimensions
Dr. HARIVANSH CHOPRADr. HARIVANSH CHOPRAPROFESSORPROFESSOR
COMMUNITY MEDICINECOMMUNITY MEDICINELLRM MEDICAL COLLEGELLRM MEDICAL COLLEGE
MEERUTMEERUTharichop@gmail.comharichop@gmail.com
Apr 10, 2023Apr 10, 2023 DR.HARIVANSH CHOPRADR.HARIVANSH CHOPRA 22
OBJECTIVETO LEARN DEFINITIONS OF HEALTH
TO LEARN DIMENSIONS OF HEALTH
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Health: DefinitionHealth: Definition
Webster:
The condition of being sound in body, mind or spirit, especially freedom from physical disease or pain.
1. Body: Physical health
2. Mind: Mental health
3. Spirit: Spiritual health
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Health: DefinitionHealth: Definition
Oxford English Dictionary:
Soundness of body or mind, that condition in which its functions are duly and efficiently discharged.
1. Body: Physical health
2. Mind: Mental health
3. Efficient functioning
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Health: DefinitionHealth: Definition
Perkins:Relative equilibrium of body form and
function which results from its successful dynamic adjustment to forces tending to disturb it.
1. Body form : Anatomy2. Body function : Physiology3. Health : Interaction of body to
environment
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Health: DefinitionHealth: Definition
Dubos
A modus vivendi enabling imperfect men to achieve a rewarding and not too painful existence while they cope with an imperfect world
Coping with imperfect world = Interaction with environment
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Health: DefinitionHealth: Definition
World Health Organization
It is a state of complete physical, mental
and social wellbeing and not merely
absence of disease or infirmity.
1. Mere absence of disease is NOT Health
2. Three dimensions of health
3. Complete wellbeing on three dimensions
4. Fourth dimension ‘spiritual’ now added
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Health: DefinitionHealth: Definition
1. Only four dimensions considered (emotional & vocational omitted)
2. Too idealistic, not reachable in practice3. Health considered as “a state” i.e. a
static entity. (In practice it is a dynamic concept)
4. “Ability to lead socially & economically productive life” is also now added to this definition.
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Dimensions of HealthDimensions of HealthPhysical
Men
tal
Social
Spiritual
Emot
iona
l
Vocational
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Physical DimensionPhysical Dimension
Individual level Group (Community) Level
Easily understood & measurable
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Physical Dimension:Physical Dimension:Individual levelIndividual level
1. Every organ of ‘normal’ shape and size
2. Every organ & system functions at optimum level
3. Individually & in coordination
4. E/o growth in children
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Physical DimensionPhysical DimensionCommunity LevelCommunity Level
Indicated by the indicators of:
1. Morbidity
2. Mortality
3. Fertility
4. Disability
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Mental DimensionMental Dimension
Individual level Group (Community) Level
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"a state of balance between the individual and the surrounding world, a state of harmony between oneself and others, a coexistence between the realities of the self and that of other people and that of the environment"
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•a. a mentally healthy person is free from internal conflicts; he is not at "war" with himself.
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•b. he is well-adjusted, i.e., he is able to get along well with others. He accepts criticism and is not easily upset.
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•c. he searches for identity.•d. he has a strong sense of self-esteem.
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•e. he knows himself: his needs, problems and goals (this is known as self-actualization).
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•f. he has good self-control-balances rationality and emotionality.•g. he faces problems and tries to solve them intelligently, i.e., coping with stress and anxiety.
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Mental DimensionMental DimensionIndividual LevelIndividual Level
Perception
Confidence
Self control
Decision making
Meaningfulness
Coordination
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PerceptionPerception
Correct perception of own
1. Abilities: Neither underestimates nor overestimates
2. Emotions & feelings
3. Strengths & weaknesses
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Decision making
1. Right decision at right moment
2. Realistic goals & ambitions
Meaningfulness
1. Leading life with ‘purpose’
2. Dependable
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Confidence in :1. Own abilities2. Own strengths3. Neither
overconfident4. Nor under
confident
Self control1. Does not loose
control easily2. Controls emotions3. Faces frustration &
conflict gracefully
Coordination1. Leading life harmoniously with others2. Adjusting with others3. Rare conflicts
DR.HARIVANSH CHOPRADR.HARIVANSH CHOPRA
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Mental HealthMental HealthCommunity LevelCommunity Level
Indicators:1. Suicides2. Homicides3. Drug dependence4. Offences related to women & children5. Morbidity due to mental illnesses6. Morbidity due to psychosomatic
illnesses
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Social DimensionSocial Dimension
Individual level Group (Community) Level
DR.HARIVANSH CHOPRADR.HARIVANSH CHOPRA
Social dimension Social dimension
• It has been defined as the "quantity and quality of an individual's interpersonal ties and the extent of involvement with the community"
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Social HealthSocial HealthIndividual LevelIndividual Level
1. Development of Social skills & functions
(Socialization)
1. Performance of ‘roles’
2. Education, Occupation
3. Economic status
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Social HealthSocial HealthCommunity LevelCommunity Level
Equity in distribution of resources
Indicators:
1. Per capita GDP
2. Literacy rates
3. Status of women
4. Employment / unemployment
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Spiritual DimensionSpiritual Dimension
Most difficult dimension to explain & quantify
Includes such aspects like:
1. Ethics
2. Principles
3. Integrity
Relates to certain informal social controls like Hippocrates’s Oath for doctors.
DR.HARIVANSH CHOPRADR.HARIVANSH CHOPRA
Spiritual DimensionSpiritual Dimension
• 1 who am I ?
• 2 what do I want ?
• 3 what is the purpose of life ?
• 4 how this purpose can be fulfilled ?
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Emotional DimensionEmotional Dimension
Emotion: Sudden forces of feelings
emerging in mind
Types:
Positive: Love, Joy
Negative: Hatred, Sadness, Dejection
Expression of correct emotion, at correct place, in controlled form = Emotional health
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Emotional DimensionEmotional Dimension
Common forms of emotional disturbances:
Anxiety: Inability to concentrate, insomnia
Depression: Sadness, dejection , suicidal tendency
Mood swings: Sadness / joy on trivial incidences, sometimes hostile
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Vocational DimensionVocational Dimension
1. Concerned with job
2. Job & person ‘made for each other’.
3. Expression of frustration, unhappiness over job
4. Frequent changes in job
5. Maladjustment with job
6. Occupational disorders
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CONCLUSION
HEALTH IS TO BE UNDERSTOOD IN PHYSICAL ,MENTAL, SOCIAL,AND SPRITUAL CONTEXT.
IT IS NOT STATIC .
IMPORTANCE OF HEALTH IS NOT REALISED TILL IT IS LOST .