“HE HAS DISSOLVED REPRESENTATIVE HOUSES REPEATEDLY, FOR OPPOSING WITH MANLY FIRMNESS HIS INVASIONS OF THE RIGHTS OF THE PEOPLE.”

-COMPLAINT ABOUT KING GEORGE IN THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE

“HE HAS DISSOLVED REPRESENTATIVE HOUSES REPEATEDLY, FOR OPPOSING WITH MANLY FIRMNESS HIS INVASIONS OF THE RIGHTS OF THE PEOPLE.”

-COMPLAINT ABOUT KING GEORGE IN THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE

SONGS FOR THE DAY: WORD UP

Daily Comment & Card

THE CONSTITUTION UNITED STATES OF

AMERICA

-Drafted at Convention in Philadelphia in 1787-Included preamble and seven articles-Created a stronger federal government-Bill of Rights = first ten amendments and protects individual rights & freedoms

SIGNED 1787, RATIFIED 1788

“HE HAS DISSOLVED REPRESENTATIVE HOUSES REPEATEDLY, FOR OPPOSING WITH MANLY FIRMNESS HIS INVASIONS OF THE RIGHTS OF THE PEOPLE.”

-COMPLAINT ABOUT KING GEORGE IN THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE

“HE HAS DISSOLVED REPRESENTATIVE HOUSES REPEATEDLY, FOR OPPOSING WITH MANLY FIRMNESS HIS INVASIONS OF THE RIGHTS OF THE PEOPLE.”

-COMPLAINT ABOUT KING GEORGE IN THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE

SONGS FOR THE DAY: CONSTITUTION PREAMBLE

Daily Comment & Card

THE ELASTIC CLAUSE AND THE

TENTH AMENDMENT

-The 10th amendment restricts the federal government to the powers granted it by the constitution. Everything else goes to the state.-Article I, section 8 grants the government the power to make all laws “necessary and proper” for carrying out its powers-The conflict is determining if the federal government or the states has the power

RATIFIED 1792

“HE HAS DISSOLVED REPRESENTATIVE HOUSES REPEATEDLY, FOR OPPOSING WITH MANLY FIRMNESS HIS INVASIONS OF THE RIGHTS OF THE PEOPLE.”

-COMPLAINT ABOUT KING GEORGE IN THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE

“HE HAS DISSOLVED REPRESENTATIVE HOUSES REPEATEDLY, FOR OPPOSING WITH MANLY FIRMNESS HIS INVASIONS OF THE RIGHTS OF THE PEOPLE.”

-COMPLAINT ABOUT KING GEORGE IN THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE

SONGS FOR THE DAY: PREAMBLE

Daily Comment & Card

THE ELASTIC CLAUSE AND THE

TENTH AMENDMENT

-The 10th amendment restricts the federal government to the powers granted it by the constitution. Everything else goes to the state.-Article I, section 8 grants the government the power to make all laws “necessary and proper” for carrying out its powers-The conflict is determining if the federal government or the states has the power

RATIFIED 1792

THE CONSTITUTION UNITED STATES OF

AMERICA

-Drafted at Convention in Philadelphia in 1787-Included preamble and seven articles-Created a stronger federal government-Bill of Rights = first ten amendments and protects individual rights & freedoms

SIGNED 1787, RATIFIED 1788

“HE HAS DISSOLVED REPRESENTATIVE HOUSES REPEATEDLY, FOR OPPOSING WITH MANLY FIRMNESS HIS INVASIONS OF THE RIGHTS OF THE PEOPLE.”

-COMPLAINT ABOUT KING GEORGE IN THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE

“HE HAS DISSOLVED REPRESENTATIVE HOUSES REPEATEDLY, FOR OPPOSING WITH MANLY FIRMNESS HIS INVASIONS OF THE RIGHTS OF THE PEOPLE.”

-COMPLAINT ABOUT KING GEORGE IN THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE

SONGS FOR THE DAY: CONTROL

Daily Comment & Card

THE ELASTIC CLAUSE AND THE

TENTH AMENDMENT

-The 10th amendment restricts the federal government to the powers granted it by the constitution. Everything else goes to the state.-Article I, section 8 grants the government the power to make all laws “necessary and proper” for carrying out its powers-The conflict is determining if the federal government or the states has the power

RATIFIED 1792

GEORGE WASHINGTON

-FIRST PRESIDENT-unanimously elected-served two terms-set standard of leadership-declared Proclamation of Neutrality, keeping us out of European wars-Farewell Address warned against entangling alliances and political party factions

STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE TO:

-analyze the influences of the Magna Carta, English Bill of Rights,

Mayflower Compact, Declaration of Independence, and the Articles of Confederation on the Constitution.-determine the major philosophical influences on the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution

AFTER THE REVOLUTION…A. ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION

B. SHAY’S REBELLION

C. CONSTITUTION

1. CONVENTION

2. COMPROMISES

3. RATIFICATION

4. BILL OF RIGHTS

D. INFLUENCES

While Jefferson was writing the Declaration of Independence,

John Dickinson drafted the first constitution for the United States—

THE ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION.

1/11

A. ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION

Had the power to:

Wage war, make treaties, send diplomats, and borrow money

Could not:

Tax or regulate trade

Under the articles:Central government had one body =

CONGRESS Each state = 1 vote unanimous vote required to amend the

articles.

2/11

Despite their weaknesses, they managed to:

1. Win the war

2. Establish a policy for western lands (Land Ordinance of 1785)

3. Set laws for creating new states (Northwest Ordinance of 1787)

3/11

Weak (no) executive

Quarreling among states

No power to tax, raise money

Problems with boundaries

No respect from other countries

Shays’ rebellion4/11

SHAYS’ REBELLION (rude awakening)

The rebellion of farmers in 1787 provided the elite society with a “wake up call” about the need for a stronger central government…

5/11

B. SHAYS’ REBELLION

The Articles of Confederation stayed in place from 1781-1787…

6/11

C. THE CONSTITUTION1. CONVENTION

A convention was called with the “sole and express purpose” to revise the Articles of Confederation.

GREAT COMPROMISE (REPRESENTATION)

TWO HOUSES (BICAMERAL LEGISLATURE): -SENATE (equal representation) -HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES (population)

House of

RepresentativesSenate

7/11

C. THE CONSTITUTION2. COMPROMISES

3/5 COMPROMISE

-SLAVERY ALREADY AN ISSUE

COMPROMISE IS… COUNT 3 OF EVERY 5 SLAVES FOR

BOTH TAXATION AND REPRESENTATION.

ESSENTIALLY SAYS A SLAVE IS NOT A WHOLE

PERSON.

8/11

3 BRANCHES OF GOVERNMENT:

EXECUTIVE

LEGISLATIVE JUDICIAL

CHECKS AND BALANCES9/11

9 OF 13 STATES NEED FOR RATIFICATION

FEDERALISTS ANTI-FEDERALISTS

SUPPORT CONSTITUTION? YES NOWHO TENDED TO BE IN THIS GROUP?

ATLANTIC COASTS/LARGE CITIES

SMALL FARMERS/ WESTERN SETTLERS

LEADERS: GEORGE WASHINGTON

BEN FRANKLIN

JAMES MADISON

ALEX… HAMILTON

GEORGE MASON

PATRICK HENRY

JAMES WINTHROP

JOHN HANCOCK

GEORGE CLINTON

WHAT DID THEY ARGUE? STRONGER CENTRAL GOV’T WAS NEEDED TO MAINTAIN ORDER & PRESERVE UNION

STRONGER CENTRAL GOVERNMENT WOULD

DESTROY THE WORK OF THE REVOUTION, LIMIT

DEMOCRACY, AND RESTRICT STATES’ RIGHTS

Federalists support the Constitution, Anti-Federalists do not. Washington is a Federalist…

The Federalist Papers (written by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton and John Jay)

were written for a New York newspaper and presented reasons for supporting the Constitution.

The biggest objection to the constitution was overcome by adding the Bill of Rights (first 10 amendments).

11/11+

C. THE CONSTITUTION3. RATIFICATION

AMENDMENT WHAT DID IT DO?

1 FREEDOM OF SPEECH, RELIGION, PRESS, ASSEMBLY,PETITION GOV’T

2 BEAR ARMS

3 NO QUARTERING SOLDIERS

4 NO UNREASONABLE SEARCH & SEIZURE

5 GRAND JURY, NO SELF-INCRIMINATION, DUE PROCESS

6 SPEEDY, PUBLIC TRIAL; CONFRONT WITNESSES, ASSISTANCE OF COUNSEL

7 TRIAL BY JURY

8 NO EXCESSIVE BAIL, NO CRUEL AND UNUSUAL PUNISHMENT

9 LISTING OF RIGHTS DOES NOT LIMIT OTHERS RETAINED BY PUBLIC

10 POWERS NOT DELEGATED TO STATES OR PROHIBITED, RESERVED FOR THE STATE

4.

BIL

LO

F R

IGH

TS

PHILOSOPHICAL INFLUENCES ON THE CONSTITUTIONMONTESQUIEU

Gives us the idea of “separation of powers”--each branch has it’s own duties

SOCIAL CONTRACT THEORISTS

THE KING (AUTHORITY) HAS THE DUTY TO PROVIDE SECURITY.

PEOPLE AGREE TO FORM A SOCIETY (BY UNANIMOUS CONSENT) AND GOVERNMENT (BY MAJORITY) IS RESPONSIBLE TO THEM. LESS GOVERNMENT = MORE FREEDOM

EACH MEMBER SURRENDERS RIGHTS TO THE COMMUNITY. THE GENERAL WILL IS ALWAYS RIGHT

HOBBES

LOCKE

ROUSSEAU

GOVERNMENT IS A CONTRACT WITH THE PEOPLE

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yHp7sMqPL0g

(PREAMBLE)