H 1s1

H 3s1

= hUVE

Microwaves

Radio waves

SPECTROSCOPYABSORBANCE OF EM RADIATION

UV/VIS

= hmicroEexternal

magnetic. field

S

N

ESR

p+

p+

externalmagnetic.

field

NMR

N

S

E = hradio

nuclearmagnetic

resonance

electron spinresonance

Ref1

IR infrared spectroscopy

E = hIR

Reference