Gross anatomy of skull and facial bones

Gross Anatomy of Skull and Facial BonesObjective 1.

The Cranium and Its Subdivisions

• Two subdivisions of the Cranium:• Neurocranium – Skeleton of the Brain Capsule

• 8 bones – Frontal, 2 Parietal, 2 Temporal, Occipital, Sphenoid, Ethmoid

• Splanchnocranium/Viscerocranium – Facial skeleton• Maxillae, Palatine, Zygomatic, Nasal, Lacrimal, Inferior Nasal Conchae, Vomer,

Mandible, Hyoid

Neurocranium

• Calvaria – roof, flat dermal bones developed by Intramembranous Ossification• Enveloped by periosteum• Layers of bone beneath periosteum:

• Outer compact – strong• Trabecular/Spongy – contains diploic veins• Inner Compact - fragile

• Base of Neurocranium – lower part of skull formed by irregular bones, developed via Endochondral ossification

Anterior View

Lateral View

Superior View

Posterior View

Base of Skull

Topographic Regions of the Skull

• Intracranial Regions• Anterior Cranial Fossa• Middle Cranial Fossa• Posterior Cranial Fossa

• Cavities of the Facial Skeleton• 2 Orbital Cavities• Nasal Cavity• Oral Cavity

Intracranial Regions

Facial Skeleton

Joints Between Cranial BonesSynarthroses Synostoses Diarthroses

Sutures – coronal, sagittal, lamboid, temporoparietal

Osseous (occur during ossification of sutures between parts of cranial bones

Temporomandibular Joint (only synovial joint of the cranium)

Gomphoses – between teeth and gums

Cartilaginous – chondrocranium. Temporary and permanent (nasoseptal)

Membranes and Ligaments Ex. Frontallles Membrane, stylomandibular, stylohyoid ligaments

Movements of the Mandible

Thank You!Any Questions?

Gross anatomy of skull and facial bones

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