SPOTLIGHT CITIES

CLEVELANDNortheast Ohio

The U.S. Water Alliance has met the standards and requirements of the Registered Continuing Education Program. Credit earned on completion of this program will be reported to RCEP at RCEP.net. A certificate of completion will be issued to each participant. As such, itdoes not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by RCEP.

Purpose + learning objectives

• This presentation highlights wet weather issues in Northeast Ohio and the coordination between NEORSD, Cleveland, and major philanthropic and academic partners.

• Through this presentation, you will learn about:– NEORSD’s CSO and stormwater programs– Unique coordination necessary across stakeholders– Remaining issues NEORSD and partners must address to

fully realize green infrastructure benefits

Kellie Rotunno, PE, BCEEDirector of Engineering & Construction216.881.6600 x6400 / rotunnok@neorsd.orgTweet @KellieRotunno

Kyle Dreyfuss-WellsManager of Watershed Programs216.881.6600 x6414 / dreyfuss-wellsk@neorsd.orgNEORSD map graphics courtesy of Strand and Human Nature

Lillian KuriProgram Director216.861.3810 / lkuri@clevefdn.org

Terry SchwarzDirector, Cleveland Urban Design Collaborative216.357.3426 / tschwarz@kent.edu

Robert BrownDirector, Planning Commissionrbrown@city.cleveland.oh.us

Urban Water Sustainability Leadership ConferenceCincinnati, Ohio

October 15, 2012

Northeast Ohio Regional Sewer District

• Created in 1972 by Court Order• Political subdivision of Ohio• Governed by seven Trustees• Servicing all or part of 62 member

communities, >1 million customers• We don’t own parks, or control zoning

Governance

312 milesTotal length of District-owned sewers and interceptors

Northeast Ohio Regional Sewer District

3,107 milesTotal length of locally-owned sewers and interceptors

Project Clean LakeThe Sewer District: COMBINED SEWER OVERFLOW CONTROL

CSO Level of Control – Baseline Conditions (2005)

CSO Level of Control – Proposed Plan (2005)

Chronology of Level of Control

2005

Chronology of Level of Control

2005 2011

• 18,000 feet long, 24’ inside diameter, segmentally lined rock tunnel, 200’ deep

• Herrenknecht TBM• Includes consolidation and relief

sewers along with associated structures

• Schedule: April 2011-April 2015

$198 Millio

n

$198 Millio

n• Cavern style pump station, 240 feet deep, 160 MGD firm capacity

• Sized to empty tunnel system in 24 hours

• Remotely operated from Easterly WWTP

• Schedule: January 2012 - December 2015

$70 Millio

n

$70 Millio

n

Seven CSO Tunnel Systems– 21 total miles– 17 to 24 feet wide– 100 to 200 feet underground

25yrs

$3B

25yrs

$3B

Project Clean Lake projects

Westerly CSO STORAGE TUNNEL

Big Creek CSO STORAGE TUNNEL

Southerly STORAGE TUNNEL

Tunnel Dewatering

PUMP STATION

Shoreline

STORAGE TUNNEL

Doan Valley STORAGE TUNNEL

Euclid Creek and Dugway

STORAGE TUNNELS

Components of the Long-Term Control Plan

Project Clean Lake is greener

The Sewer District: GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE

Components of the Long-Term Control Plan

CSO Level of Control – Consent Decree

2005 2011

USEPA’s 10 National Green Infrastructure Partners

20

• Austin

• Boston

• Cleveland (NEORSD)

• Denver

• Jacksonville

• Kansas City

• Los Angeles

• Puyallup, Wash.

• Syracuse

• Washington, D.C.

CSO Reduction – How many stormwater gallons does it take?

The Sewer District: GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE

CSO Catchments: Stormwater/CSO Ratios

Assessment of Benefits

Assessment of Benefits

Assessment of Benefits

Examples of Co-Benefits from Green Infrastructure

Putting the “Green” into “Gray”

NORTHEAST OHIO REGIONAL “GREEN LEAVE BEHIND”

Traditional “Gray” Infrastructure Projects Provide Opportunities to Repurpose Vacant Land

29

Proposed Dugway Storage Tunnel shaft location - proximity to distressed properties

DWIRS Dugway West Interceptor Relief Sewer

DST Dugway Storage Tunnel

DVT Doan Valley Storage Tunnel

DVRS Doan Valley Relief Sewer

Property Required for Construction

Typical shaft construction sitesfocus on infrastructure improvements only

30

During Construction

After Construction

Opportunity to enhance typical sewer project through strategic partnerships

• Ease of Green Infrastructure implementation varies based upon wastewater/stormwater governance

• Not all stormwater gallons deliver equivalent CSO Control

• Mind your “Numerators” and “Denominators” when assessing costs

• Lifecycle costs are important to understand, but so are co-benefits of Green Infrastructure

• Even “Gray Infrastructure” can be Green

Key Take Away Points

Regional Vision

Local Champions

Catalyst for ChangePartners

Number of people leaving ClevelandBased on current trends

9,568 a year797 a month184 a week26 a day1.2 an hour

• About 15,000 vacant buildings

• Over 3,600 acres of vacant land

• 1,000 houses demolished annually =120 acres of additional vacant land

CLEVELAND VACANCY

Vacant Properties

Land Bank Properties

1. Neighborhood stabilization / holding strategies

2. Green Infrastructure• Green space network• Ecosystem restoration, stormwater

management• Environmental remediation

3. Productive Landscapes• Energy generation• Agriculture and community gardens

VACANT LAND STRATEGIESCity-Wide

Re-Imagining Cleveland Projects 56 projects totaling 15 acres of vacant land

Neighborhood-scale riparian strategy

GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE Neighborhood-scale riparian strategy

Neighborhood-scale headwaters strategy

Neighborhood-scale headwaters strategy

Neighborhood-scale hybrid strategy

Neighborhood-scale hybrid strategy

Proposed Deep Tunnels

• Appendix 3: 44 MG of additional CSO control through green infrastructure

• Appendix 4: Opportunity to replace gray with green infrastructure

CONSENT DECREE GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE

Components

GRAY CAPTURE4,037 million gallons

REMAINING

44 million gallons

Substitute Green for Gray

LILLIAN KURIPROGRAM DIRECTOR, CLEVELAND FOUNDATION

NEW PARTNERSHIPS,NEW OPPORTUNITIESFOR ALIGNMENT = SYSTEMS CHANGE, LEVERAGE AND IMPACT

• WHO WE ARE– Strategic Initiatives: focused on Greater

Cleveland’s Vital Issues• Grants in these areas are generally made to

our long-term partners with goal of creating significant, widespread impact

• WHY PHILANTHROPY SHOULD BE INVOLVED?

• A NEW WAY OF WORKING TOGETHER

• 5 areas of investment 2012-2013– The New Table – Connecting Gray And Green– Leveraging The Green Infrastructure – Leveraging The Spend (Jobs)– Continuous Learning

• DISCLAIMER: YOU CANT DO THIS KIND OF WORK WITHOUT LEADERSHIP, STRONG PARTNERS AND WITHOUT TAKING RISKS

Reimagining Reimagining & Reshaping & Reshaping

ClevelandClevelandUrban Water Sustainability Urban Water Sustainability

Leadership Conference 2012Leadership Conference 2012

America’s 5th Largest City (1920)

Cleveland’s National Population Rank

1920: 5th

1950: 7th

1970: 10th

1980: 18th

1990: 23rd

2000: 33rd

2010: 45th

Cleveland Metro Area (CSA) Rank in 2010: 15th

2.9 million population

914,808

396,815

We’ve had a few bad breaks!We’ve had a few bad breaks!

“Burn on Big River” (1969)

39,761 foreclosures (2006-2011)

15,000 Vacant Buildings15,000 Vacant Buildings

6,000 Demolitions 2007-20116,000 Demolitions 2007-2011

over 10,000 in City Land Bankover 10,000 in City Land Bank

20,000 “Vacated” Lots20,000 “Vacated” Lots

Most of Cleveland’s vacant lots are “scattered”

Back to the Back to the garden?garden?

Cleveland’s Cleveland’s Future…..Future…..

The vision presented in Cleveland’s

comprehensive plan is

decidedly “urban.”

No!

……..a city with densely built, mixed-use, ..a city with densely built, mixed-use, walkable neighborhoods connected by walkable neighborhoods connected by greenways and complemented by urban greenways and complemented by urban gardens, urban farms and open space gardens, urban farms and open space amenitiesamenities

The new

vision…..

Sustainable Open Space Re-Use Options

Sustainable Open Space Re-Use Options

• Urban AgricultureUrban Agriculture

• Stormwater ManagementStormwater Management

• Stabilization/ EnhancementStabilization/ Enhancement

• Soil RemediationSoil Remediation

• Yard ExpansionYard Expansion

• Greenways/BikewaysGreenways/Bikeways

• Alternative EnergyAlternative Energy

Community Gardens (over 230)Community Gardens (over 230)

Vineyards!Vineyards!Vineyards!Vineyards!

Urban FarmsUrban FarmsUrban FarmsUrban Farms

6-acre inner-city site farmed by local refugee 6-acre inner-city site farmed by local refugee populationpopulation

Urban Agriculture Innovation Zone

USDA and OSU are USDA and OSU are providing $840,000 for providing $840,000 for multi-year program to multi-year program to

train and employ train and employ 35 disadvantaged 35 disadvantaged residents on 6-acre siteresidents on 6-acre site

The City of Cleveland The City of Cleveland and a neighborhood and a neighborhood

organization are organization are establishing a 26-acre establishing a 26-acre agricultural zone in the agricultural zone in the city’s most depressed city’s most depressed

neighborhood.neighborhood.

““Evergreen” Greenhouse Evergreen” Greenhouse ProjectProject

The City has assembled land The City has assembled land for development of a 5-acre, for development of a 5-acre, worker-owned greenhouse on worker-owned greenhouse on vacant land in one of vacant land in one of Cleveland’s most distressed Cleveland’s most distressed and impoverished and impoverished neighborhoods.neighborhoods.

Stormwater ManagementStormwater Management

In response to an EPA In response to an EPA mandate to reduce combined mandate to reduce combined sewer overflows, the sewer overflows, the Northeast Ohio Regional Northeast Ohio Regional Sewer District anticipates Sewer District anticipates investing more than $80 investing more than $80 million in “green million in “green infrastructure” projects in infrastructure” projects in Cleveland. Cleveland.

Morgana rails-to-trails project (Slavic Village)Morgana rails-to-trails project (Slavic Village)Morgana rails-to-trails project (Slavic Village)Morgana rails-to-trails project (Slavic Village)

Greenways & RecreationGreenways & Recreation

Complete Streets / Green Streets

• Approved by Cleveland City Council on September 19, 2011

• Effective January 1, 2012

VisionVisionThe City of Cleveland The City of Cleveland is committed to the is committed to the creation of a networkcreation of a network

Complete & Green

of Complete and Green Streets of Complete and Green Streets that will improve the that will improve the economic, environmental and economic, environmental and social well-being of its citizens.social well-being of its citizens.

ApplicationsApplications

• New Construction

• Reconstruction

• Rehabilitation 

• Streetscape Enhancements

Complete & Green

Applications (cont.)Applications (cont.)

• ResurfacingResurfacing

– limited to minimal impact improvements that do not affect sub-base, curbs and sidewalks or other elements outside the scope of a resurfacing project.

– may include paint re-striping, sharrows, signage for cyclists or pedestrians and the use of recycled asphalt.    

Exemptions Exemptions including but not limited to the following:including but not limited to the following:

areas where bicyclists and pedestrians are prohibited by law, provided that alternative facilities or accommodations for pedestrians/cyclists are provided within the same transportation corridor;

financial hardship to the project sponsor

Financial hardship exists when compliance with Complete & Green policies and guidelines constitutes a minimum of twenty (20) per cent of the total project cost, not to exceed $1 million

Maintenance– All projects approved under the Complete All projects approved under the Complete

& Green Streets policy will include & Green Streets policy will include provisions for ongoing maintenance. provisions for ongoing maintenance.

– A Life Cycle cost analysis may be used to A Life Cycle cost analysis may be used to determine the feasibility of the determine the feasibility of the improvements. improvements.

– Alternative maintenance arrangements Alternative maintenance arrangements may be utilized to reduce the costs to the may be utilized to reduce the costs to the City for ongoing maintenance, such as City for ongoing maintenance, such as maintenance agreements with adjacent maintenance agreements with adjacent property owners. property owners.

Current Applications of Green Infrastructure

Installation of permeable pavement at the Morgana Athletic Complex

Permeable PavementCurrent Applications: Gordon Square Arts District Parking Lot, Kennedy Parking Lot, and Morgana Lot.

Future Application: Permeable PaversZone Recreation Center, Fall 2011

Kennedy Parking Lot Gordon Square: W 65th and Detroit

Bio-Retention• Zone Recreation Center, Green Space

Improvements (Fall 2011)

• Collinwood Recreation Center (Summer 2011)

Current Flooding Conditions Bio-Retention Plans

Tree Planting, Greening Tree-lawns & Medians

Euclid Corridor:1,500 Trees

Current Green Infrastructure Locations: Fleet Avenue Green Street Retrofit

Fleet Avenue Reconstruction/Green Infrastructure Project

Fleet Avenue Today Fleet Avenue “Tomorrow”

Rendering provided by Human Nature, Inc., 2012

Fleet Avenue Reconstruction/Green Infrastructure Project

Fleet Avenue Green Street

•Green and complete streets project in partnership with City of Cleveland

•NEORSD contributing $1M to design and construction of green features

•Will control approximately 1 million gallons of CSO

•Construction in 2014

Rendering provided by Human Nature, Inc., 2012

Flooding, erosion,and water quality

The Sewer District: REGIONAL STORMWATER MANAGEMENT

Stormwater Service Area

Impervious Surfaces

Stormwater: Quantity Problems

Middleburg Heights/Brook Park, Ohio along Abrams Creek

110

Streambank erosion on Mill Creekthreatens Warner Roadin Garfield Heights, Ohio

111

Debris along Dugway Brook, Cleveland Heights, OhioDebris along Dugway Brook, Cleveland Heights, Ohio

Streambank erosion along Stickney Creek

Streambank ErosionBaldwin Creek, August 2011

Regional Stormwater Management Program• Estimated revenue of $38M/year from

new impervious surface fee– Inspection and Maintenance– Construction– Partner support

• Stormwater Fee Credits recognize on-site Stormwater Control Measures– Quantity Credit– Quality Credit– Education Credit– Individual Residential Credit

We will perform inspection and maintenance

We will build projects

Stream Restoration and Land Preservation • Ohio EPA’s Water Resource Restoration

Sponsor Program (WRRSP) – 22 projects from 2004 to 2012– $31 million available through NEORSD

participation

• Benefits to Regional Stormwater System– Stormwater management– Stream bank stabilization– Aquatic habitat improvement & preservation

Water Resource Restoration Sponsor Program (WRRSP) projects

Water Resource Restoration Sponsor Program (WRRSP) projects

• Restoration of 10 acres of valuable floodplain at the confluence of West Creek and the lower Cuyahoga River

• Pre-Site conditions– Three buildings occupy the property– 850 ft of straightened West Creek

channel

Stream Restoration: Pre-restoration floodingWest Creek Confluence

West Creek Confluence

Water Resource Restoration Sponsor Program (WRRSP) projects

Tinkers Creek Wetland

Water Resource Restoration Sponsor Program (WRRSP) projects

Upper Cuyahoga Bog

WRRSP by the numbers

$31 millionfacilitated since 2005

WRRSP by the numbers

2,500 acresof preserved property, including 600 acres of high quality wetland

WRRSP by the numbers

7 dams removed

WRRSP by the numbers

12 milesof protected streams

WRRSP by the numbers

21,000 feetof restored streams

PARTNER SUPPORT

Grant programs

• Small Scale Stormwater Demonstration Project Grants

• Watershed Operating Support Grants

Small Scale Stormwater

Demonstration Grant

• 31 projects since 2009

• 11 communities

Small Scale Stormwater

Demonstration Grant

• $435,712 contributed for:–Bioretention–Riparian Zone Restoration–Rain Gardens–Stormwater Collection & Urban

Agriculture Field Irrigation Systems–Parking Lot Retrofits

Small-scale stormwater demonstration projects

Small-scale stormwater demonstration projects

ShakerParklandsBioswalebefore

Shaker Parklands Bioswale

Small-scale stormwater demonstration projects

Grace Lutheran Church Rain Garden(3 downspouts disconnected)

Small-scale stormwater demonstration projects

Milligan AvenueRiparian Zone Project

WATERSHEDS + WATERSHED GROUPS

$680,000 in operating support since ‘09