Post on 14-Dec-2015
GOES-R Direct Readout Implications
Richard G. ReynoldsGOES-R Ground Segment Project
4th GOES User Conference“Session 5: GOES-R User Readiness”
8:30-10:15 am / Wednesday November 4
An update of the presentation to the Direct Readout Users ConferenceBy Wilfred E. Mazur Jr. - December 11, 2008
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• Direct Readout Services• GOES-R Program Status• New Instruments for GOES-R • GOES-R Frequency Plan• Implications to Communications Services
– GRB and Dual Polarization– GRB Receive Systems – EMWIN & LRIT Become HRIT/EMWIN– Emulated GVAR (eGVAR)– DCS– SARSAT– Multi-Use Data Link (MDL)
Topics
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Direct Readout Services Overview
Data Collection System
(DCS)
GOES Rebroadcast
(GRB)High Rate Information
Transmission / Emergency Managers Weather Information
Network
(HRIT/EMWIN)
Emulated GOES Variable
(eGVAR)
Search and Rescue Satellite Aided Tracking
(SARSAT)3
GOES-R Program Status• Instrument Contracts – ABI / SUVI / EXIS / SEISS / GLM
– All Under Contract
• Spacecraft Contract– July 22. 2009 – Lockheed-Martin– Denver, Colorado NNG07193033J, NNG08193033R /
http://prod.nais.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/eps/bizops.cgi?gr=D&pin=51
• Ground Segment Contract– May 27, 2009 – Harris Corporation– Melbourne, Florida DG133E-08-RP-0068
http://www.fedbizopps.gov
• Antenna System Acquisition– October 22, 2009 – Proposals Received
• GOES-R Access Subsystem (GAS) / Ancillary Data Relay System (ADRS) / HRIT/EMWIN “Domain-5” Upgrade / Data Collection System IF Compatibility
– Soon – RFP Release
• GOES-R Launch Readiness Date GOES-S Launch Readiness Date– September 2015 -- February 2017
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• 506/19/2008 v2 5
Command and Data Acquisition Station Wallops, VA
NOAASatellite Operations
FacilitySuitland, MD
RemoteBackup FacilityFairmont, WV
GOES-East75° West
GOES-West137° West
GOES-R System Configuration
Command & control, d
ata
Data
Command & control, data
Direct Readout
Users
Data
GOES I-P GOES-R Significant Changes
Imager ABI Greater resolution & Channels
Sounder -- ABI to provide most legacy
capabilities
SXI SUVI Increased channels
EUV & XRS EXIS None
Magnetometer Magnetometer None
HEPAD & EPS SEISS Greater energy ranges
-- GLM Geostationary Lightning
Mapper
Instrument Performance
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Instrument Data Delivery
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Instrument Raw Data Rate Comparison
0102030405060708090
GOES-R GOES I-P
Tota
l Mbp
s
MAG
EXIS
SEISS
SUVI
GLM
ABI
MAG
EUV/XRS
SXI
SOUNDER
IMAGER
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GOES-R Frequency Plan
1675 1680 1685 1690 1695 1700 22101545 1670
Radiosondes1675 to 1683 MHz
GRB(dual pol)
1690.0 MHz
CDATelemetry
BPSK1696.3 MHz
HRIT/EMWINBPSK
1697.4 MHz
DCPRFDM
1683.3 MHz1683.6 MHz
405 2025 2030 2035400
GRB(dual pol)
7220.0 MHz
EMWIN-LRITBPSK
2028.4 MHz
CommandBPSK
2034.2 MHz
DCPCCDMA
2032.775 MHz2032.825 MHz
DCPRFDM/8PSK401.9 MHz402.2 MHz
7210 7215 7220 7225
DOWNLINKS (RAW DATA DOWNLINK AT 8220 MHz NOT SHOWN)
UPLINKS
SARFDM/Bi-Φ
406.05 MHz
SARFDM
1544.550 MHz
DSNTelem & Rng
BPSK/PM2211.04 MHz
470
DCPCCDMA
468.775 MHz468.825 MHz
Commandand Ranging
BPSK2036.0 MHz
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• Provides full resolution products from all instruments– All data will be calibrated and navigated (“Level 1b”)– Except … GLM will be higher level products (“Level 2+”)
• “Events,” “Groups,” and “Flashes”
• Replaces current GVAR service– 31 Mbps vs. 2.1 Mbps – DRO receive systems specified for same size antennas (G/T
of 15.2 dB/K), however with significant changes:• New center frequency 1690.0 MHz vs. 1685.7 MHz• High-level modulation (e.g. QPSK, OQPSK or 8-PSK, TBD) vs. BPSK• Dual polarization – requiring feed changes and dual receiver chain• CCSDS packet formatting • Forward error detection coding (LDPC) to reduce required C/No.• DVB-S2 link characteristics and compatibility under consideration
– System specified for 2.5 dB margin
GOES[-R] Rebroadcast (GRB)
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GOES[-R] Rebroadcast (GRB) (Continued)
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• LHCP to provide subset of imagery (ABI … 0.64, 3.9, 6.185, 7.34, 11.2, 12.3, 13.3 micron channels);
• RHCP to provide remaining 9 ABI channels, plus all other instruments
GRB 99.99% Availability Coverage
0.01% Exceedence of 22 dB
interference level based on “Initial Bound Equation” determined by the
conducted measurements and the ITU-R 0.01% rain rate for given areas in the GOES antenna footprint.
GOES West GOES East
Interference level could be exceeded in the DARK BLUE area
Some locations near the equator may experience a reduced, but positive, margin under expected worst case conditions
Interferen
ce Level
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DVB-S2* PCI Card Receiver
~$750/polarization– $~300 for a PCI-Card–$450 for an equivalent new PC from Dell
Data Aggregator $450 for an equivalent new PC from Dell
One Concept for a GRB Small User Receive System
LNAFilter90 degHybrid RHCP
LHCP
LNAFilter
Demodulator
Data Handling
Demodulator Storage
Antenna & Feed Downconverter & Demodulator
Data Aggregator
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• As a contingency capability, and to give users additional time to transition from GVAR to GRB, eGVAR will provide GOES-R Imagery to Users capable of receiving today’s GVAR data stream– Will be broadcast through a GOES I/P Series Satellite – The signal will have the GVAR characteristics:
• Same transmit frequency (1685.7 MHz) and power levels• Same GVAR data rate (2.11 Mbps) and format• Five Similar Imager channel wavelengths (Based on ABI channels
0.64, 4.9, 6.19, 11.2, 13.3 µm)• Imagery will be mapped to GOES NOP temporal and spatial
resolution• No Sounder data• One full-earth disk every 30-minutes
– No Mesoscale data – No “Rapid Scan;” No “Super Rapid Scan”
Emulated GVAR (eGVAR)
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– Not an option for long-term use– Will only be operational based on assessments of end
user readiness near the time for GOES-R operations:• Presumes a spare satellite is available• Users must not be lax in preparing for actual GOES-R
(i.e., GRB) readiness
Emulated GVAR (eGVAR) (Continued)
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eGVAR & GRB Flows
LegendInstrument Raw Data
downlinkGRB relay uplinkeGVAR relay uplinkGRB RF BroadcasteGVAR RF BroadcastTerrestrial/Network Comm
GOES-R Satellite
GOES-N/O/P SSGS
GOES-N/O/P RF
GOES-I/P Series Satellite
eGVAR UserGRB User
Product Gen
eGVAR & GRB
Product Generation
GRB
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• Successor to individual Low Rate Image Transmission broadcast (LRIT) and the Emergency Managers Weather Information Network broadcast (EMWIN) combined onto one carrier.
• Frequency change from 1691.0 MHz/1692.7 MHz to 1694.7 MHz • Higher data rate … 921 Kbps)• Provides growth path for both Services to a combined 400 Kbps
– LRIT currently 128 Kbps– EMWIN currently:
– 9.6 Kbps (GOES 11&12), 19.2 Kbps for GOES 13-15.• Will utilize BPSK modulation w/ convolutional and Reed-Solomon
coding– Same as LRIT, but higher data rate– Allows maximum EIRP from satellite due to Power Spectral Density
restrictions– EMWIN Users modulation type changes from uncoded FSK (GOES I-M)
and from coded OQPSK (GOES-NOP) to coded BPSK at much higher data rate.
HRIT/EMWIN
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• Name change to High Rate Information Transmission (HRIT) required by CGMS categorization of services
• Virtual Channel Data Units used to separate HRIT and EMWIN data– CCSCS Virtual channels as used in LRIT today
• Prototype “Software Defined Radio” developed and demonstrated:– One hardware/software configuration can receive all current and
future EMWIN, LRIT and HIRT/EMWIN signals with NO hardware changes or upgrades (GOES I-S compatible). No user transition necessary.
– Technology demonstration to proves low cost, PC-based terminals are possible for all data rates and modulation types
– Performance data, Hardware design and software design is available on WWW.GOES-R .GOV
– Development performed for GOES-R Program by Aerospace Corp.– Presentation and Demonstrations provided last night
HRIT/EMWIN (Continued)
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HRIT/EMWIN Ground Data Flow (Per satellite)
Comm Processor
(Domain 4)
HRIT/EMWINCCSDSTCP/IP
Ant./RF
NSOF
WCDAS
RF Up/Down
RBU
Uplink Processor
(Domain 5)
IF Modulation
IF S
wit
ch
HRIT/EMWINCCSDS
TCP/IP (B/U)
Ant./RFRF Up/Down
GOES-R GS
GOES-R GS
HRIT/EMWIN Uplink & Signal
Monitoring
HRIT/EMWIN Uplink & Signal
Monitoring
IF S
wit
ch Uplink Processor
(Domain 5)
IF Modulation
EMWINFromNWS
HRITFromESPC
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GOES Data Collection SystemGOES Data Collection System
• GOES-DCS consists of two communication Services:– Data Collection Platform Receive (DCPR)– Data Collection Command (DCPC) … Previously “Interrogate” (DCPI)
• GOES-R will support the ongoing evolution toward greater channel efficiency and system capacity– Narrower DCPR channel assignments allowing both East and West
satellites to each support 200 simultaneous platform signals, with a total system capacity of about 72,000 platforms
– A new DCPC service, based on CDMA techniques, currently in prototype development. This user-funded development concept will allow one command channel on each GOES NOP Series satellite and two channels on each GOES-R Series satellite
• Direct Broadcast of DCPR to User systems having 15.0 G/T will continue to be supported, but ….
GOES Data Collection System
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• Summary of Changes to GOES-DCS for GOES-R Series:– DCP uplink transmit power reduced, in accordance with
latest DCP Certification Specifications– DCPR uplink frequencies will be unchanged– DCPR Downlink frequencies will be shifted from 1694.5-
1694.8 MHz to 1683.3-1683.6 MHz • Will require change in channel demodulator frequency
– DCPI becomes DCPC:• Will be compatible with on-going User-funded developments
compatible with current satellites• Able to support a second DCPC channel
GOES Data Collection System (Continued)
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• Signal characteristics of the SARSAT service will be slightly modified for GOES-R:– Up and down-link center frequencies remain the same– GOES-R will transpond, rather than re-modulate, the up-link band– Will require configuration changes to the LUT receiver
• To account for degraded Beacons, GOES-R will operate with 32 dBm uplink power (versus 36 dBm for GOES-NOP)– Provides improved capability to support beacons with weak
signals– Transponder will also operate with a minimum of 10 uplink
beacons simultaneously– Conforms to COSPAS/SARSAT Specification T001, Issue 3 Revision
8 dated Nov 2007
SARSAT
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• All raw instrument data will be transmitted to the ground in X-Band vs. today’s S-Band– X-band provides ‘spot beam’ geographical coverage vs.
hemispheric– Processed to Level 1B and re-broadcast to users via the
GRB link• Diagnostic telemetry will be available via a new
higher data rate telemetry link (32 Kbps)– “CDA” telemetry downlink changes from 1694.0 MHz to
1696.3 MHz• The Multi-use Data Link (MDL) is eliminated for
GOES-R Series
Other Changes of Potential Interest
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• System requirements, communications requirements, and the Ground Segment architecture have been defined for the entire system, including Direct Readout Services
• Detailed definition of communication link characteristics have not yet been fully finalized and will be refined through the Spacecraft and Ground Segment contract design processes … However the GOES-R baseline is:– GRB will replace all current forms of instrument data broadcast:
• Full resolution• Geo-located• Calibrated• In essentially real-time
– EMWIN and LRIT will be combined and enhanced to a higher data rate on a new downlink frequency – HRIT/EMWIN
– DCS will remain largely the same, however DCPR downlink in L-Band will have a frequency shift
– SARSAT will be essentially unchanged
Summary
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• Documentation for the Direct Readout User community will be produced by the GOES-R Ground System contractor as CDRLs.– Of particular note, the GS Contractor (Harris Corporation)
will be developing a Product User's Guide (PUG) that will include a section on building a GRB receive system
Summary (Continued)
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Back-up
GOES N/O/P Frequency Plan
1675 1680 1685 1690 1695 1700 22101545 1670
Radiosondes use1675 to 1683 MHz
PDRBPSK
1685.7 MHz
EMWINQPSK
1692.7 MHzLRITBPSK
1691.0 MHz
DCPRFDM/8PSK1694.5 MHz1694.8 MHz
CDA TelemBi-Φ
1694.0 MHz
DOWNLINKS
UPLINKS
SARFDM
1544.550 MHz
DSN TelemBPSK/PM
2209.086 MHz
470
DCPIBPSK
468.825 MHzand ± 12.5 kHz
405 2025 2030 2035400
LRITBPSK
2033.0 MHz
CommandBPSK
2034.2 MHzDCPIBPSK
2034.8875 MHz2034.9000 MHz2034.9125 MHz
DCPRFDM/8PSK401.9 MHz402.2 MHz
SARFDM/Bi-Φ
406.05 MHz406.025 MHz
PDR2.11 Mbps
2027.7 MHz
EMWINQPSK
2034.7 MHz
MDLQPSK
1681.478 MHz
SDUQPSK
1676.0 MHz
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