Post on 23-Dec-2015
GHSGT Review Day 7
Cell Parts and Functions
Types of Cells
Prokaryotes
Eukaryotes
Prokaryotic Cell – has no organized membrane between DNA and cytoplasm
and not true organelles bound by a membrane. Ex. - bacteria
Eukaryotic Cell – have a true nucleus with a nuclear membrane
and organelles. (most cells of plants and animals)
Organelles of the Cell
An organelle is to a cell as a _______ is to a body?
Nucleus• Function:Control center of cell
Stores hereditary information
Endoplasmic Reticulum• Folded membrane in
the cytoplasm
• Function: protein synthesis, distributes materials thru the cell, Smooth ER also helps remove toxins
Ribosomes• Round-shaped
structures in the cytoplasm
• Function: Site of protein synthesis
Mitochondria
• Powerhouse of the cell, rod-shaped
• Function: Converts chemical energy for cell metabolism
Plastids (plant cells only)
• Structures that contain chloroplast
• Function: conversion of light energy into chemical energy, store food
Golgi Bodies• Flattened
membrane sacs
• Function: Packaging and distribution of materials in the cell
Lysosomes• Storage vesicle
• Function: Digestion, waste removal
Click here to see an interactive lysosome
Microbodies• Membranes
containing enzymes
• Function: Conversion of fats to carbohydrates, discharge of waste
Vacuoles• A spherical
vesicle
• Function: Digestion, storage, and elimination
Microfilaments and Microtubules
• Fibers of tubes of protein
• Function: Structure and support as well as movement of internal cell parts
Cilia and Flagella• Short and long
extensions of the surface of the cell containing microtubules
• Locomotion and production of currents that draw in food.
Centrioles• Short packs of
tubes near the Golgi bodies
• Necessary for cell reproduction within some cells
Cell Wall• Rigid membrane
surrounding the contents of a plant cell
• Supports and gives shape to plants