Get Into Sprite Kitpresented by @waynehartman

What are we going to learn?

• Basics of Sprite Kit: Main classes for interaction

• Design the game concept and map it to Sprite Kit classes

• Implement for iOS

• Implement for Mac

• Add Game Controller support

Base Classes• Content is displayed on an SKView

• Content is organized into instances of SKScene. An SKView only displays a single SKScene.

• A scene has 0…* SKNode objects organized in trees.

• Nodes can have SKAction instances added to give on-screen behavior.

• Nodes can have SKPhysicsBody instances added for simulating physics interactions

Relationship Diagram

SKNodeSKScene0…*

SKAction0…*

SKPhysicsBody

0…1

Class Diagram

SKNode

SKScene SKSpriteNode

SKSpriteNode• SKNode subclass that combines a node with an SKTexture.

• A texture is nothing more than artwork: an image.

// Inside SKScene subclass !SKSpriteNode *ship = [SKSpriteNode spriteNodeWithImageNamed:@“ship.png”]; ship.position = CGPointMake(self.size.width * 0.5f, self.size.height * 0.5f); ![self addChild:ship];

SKAction

• Represents actions executed by SKNode instances

• Do things like scale, move position, resize, play sound FX, execute blocks, or just ‘wait’.

• Can be strung together in a sequence, or executed simultaneously in a group.

• Actions can be repeated 0 to ∞

SKAction

// In SKScene subclass NSTimeInterval duration = 0.15; !SKAction *scale = [SKAction scaleTo:1.5f duration:duration]; SKAction *fade = [SKAction fadeAlphaTo:0.0f duration:duration]; SKAction *fx = [SKAction playSoundFileNamed:@"smallExplosion.caf" waitForCompletion:NO]; SKAction *transform = [SKAction group:@[scale, fade, fx]]; !SKAction *wait = [SKAction waitForDuration:duration]; !SKAction *sequence = [SKAction sequence:@[wait, transform]]; ![bombNode runAction:sequence];

SKPhysicsBody

• Object for creating a physics simulation for a node.

• Calculations include gravity, friction, and collisions with other ‘bodies’.

SKPhysicsBody

// Inside SKScene subclass self.physicsBody = [SKPhysicsBody bodyWithEdgeLoopFromRect:self.frame]; !SKPhysicsBody *physicsBody = [SKPhysicsBody bodyWithRectangleOfSize:self.player.frame.size]; physicsBody.dynamic = YES; physicsBody.affectedByGravity = NO; physicsBody.mass = 0.01; physicsBody.allowsRotation = NO; !self.player.physicsBody = physicsBody;

The Update Loop

The Update Loop

• Performed once per frame

• The bulk of your game logic can be executed in the update: method.

• Player movement

• Non-physics collision detection

• Other condition checks

Our Game: Mad Bomber!• Clone of “Kaboom!”, Atari 2600 game

• The mad bomber drops bombs while moving back and forth on the screen.

• The player must move on the screen and ‘catch’ the bombs.

• The game ends when the player fails to catch a bomb.

Turn It Into Code• We will have one SKView that will display a level

(SKScene).

• An SKLabelNode will be attached to the screen to display the player’s score.

• The Mad Bomber, Player, and bombs will be SKSpriteNode instances.

• An SKAction will be added to the Mad Bomber to randomly move him back and forth on the screen. An SKAction will be added to each bomb to move it towards the bottom of the screen.

• An SKPhysicsBody will be applied to our scene to act as a ‘collision container’ for our player.

• An SKPhysicsBody will be applied to our player to allow it to move back and forth.

Let’s Walk Through The Code

Game Controller Support

• GameController.framework supported in iOS 7 and OS X Mavericks.

• Standard interface for software and hardware.

Game Controller TypesGamepad Extended Gamepad

Game Controller Discovery// Somewhere in the initialization of your scene [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(controllerDidConnect:) name:GCControllerDidConnectNotification object:nil]; ![[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(controllerDidDisconnect:) name:GCControllerDidDisconnectNotification object:nil];

- (void)controllerDidConnect:(NSNotification *)notification { _gameController = notification.object; // Additional controller setup as needed } !- (void)controllerDidDisconnect:(NSNotification *)notification { _gameController = nil; // Additional controller tear-down as needed }

Game Controller Support

• Two ways to handle input:

• Handle in the update: method of your SKScene

• Register blocks for button press/joystick movement

Game Controller in update:// In update: method BOOL leftPressed = _gameController.gamepad.leftShoulder.value > 0.0f; BOOL rightPressed = _gameController.gamepad.rightShoulder.value > 0.0f; !if (leftPressed || rightPressed) { float force = 0.0f; ! if (leftPressed){ force = -_gameController.gamepad.leftShoulder.value; } else if (rightPressed) { force = _gameController.gamepad.rightShoulder.value; } ! [self applyPlayerForce:CGVectorMake(20.0f * force, 0.0f)]; }

Game Controller Value Changed Handler

// in a method for setting up the game controller self.gameController.gamepad.valueChangedHandler = ^(GCGamepad *gamepad, GCControllerElement *element) { if (gamepad.buttonX == element) { if (gamepad.buttonX.isPressed) { [weakSelf releaseTheKraken]; } } }; !!// Or set a handler for the specific button: self.gameController.controllerPausedHandler = ^(GCController *controller) { weakSelf.paused = !weakSelf.paused; };

Let’s Walk Through The Code

Game Controller Gotchas• In most cases, make sure to turn off the iOS Idle Timer ! [[UIApplication sharedApplication] setIdleTimerDisabled:YES];

• Cannot debug while plugged in via Lightning port :(

• Your game MUST NOT require the use of a Game Controller

• Current generation of hardware kinda sucks

• Logitech Powershell and Moga Ace Power

Questions?

Resources

• SpriteKit Programming Guide

• Space Shooter Tutorial at RayWenderlich.com

• iOS Games by Tutorials

• Game code at http://github.com/waynehartman/MadBomber

Experiential Education

• See One

• Do One

• Teach One

@waynehartman