Post on 21-Jan-2016
Geology Review
lith
ospher
e.
core
.
cru
st.
man
tle.
oce
anic
cru
st.
20% 20% 20%20%20%
The earth zone with the most volume and mass is the
1. lithosphere.
2. core.
3. crust.
4. mantle.
5. oceanic crust.
the
outer
atm
ospher
e.
the
inner
core
of e
arth
.
a p
last
ic re
gion in
the.
..
a p
last
ic re
gion in
th...
a s
olid
regi
on in
the
...
20% 20% 20%20%20%
The asthenosphere is
1. the outer atmosphere.
2. the inner core of earth.
3. a plastic region in the crust.
4. a plastic region in the mantle.
5. a solid region in the mantle.
in th
e in
terio
r of c
ont...
on o
cean
ic is
lands
.
alo
ng th
e ed
ge of
co...
in th
e open
oce
an.
In th
e U.S
.
20% 20% 20%20%20%
The majority of earthquakes and volcanoes occur
1. in the interior of continents.
2. on oceanic islands.
3. along the edge of continents.
4. in the open ocean.
5. In the U.S.
tran
sform
faul
t
man
tle fa
ult
conve
rgen
t pla
te b
...
div
erge
nt pla
te b
ou...
lith
ospher
e fa
ult
20% 20% 20%20%20%
A ____ is not one of the three types of boundaries between lithospheric plates.
1. transform fault
2. mantle fault
3. convergent plate boundary
4. divergent plate boundary
5. lithosphere fault
pro
duce m
ountai
ns.
are
com
posed
of c
ru..
mov
e on
the
asth
en...
pro
duce o
cean
tren
c...
pro
duce v
olcan
oes
20% 20% 20%20%20%
Which of the following is false? Tectoni
1. produce mountains.
2. are composed of crust and core.
3. move on the asthenosphere.
4. produce ocean trenches.
5. produce volcanoes
div
erge
nt pla
te b
oun...
tran
sform
faul
t.
conve
rgen
t pla
te b
o...
subduc
tion
zone
.
man
tle fa
ult.
20% 20% 20%20%20%
Tectonic plates move apart in opposite directions at a(an)
1. divergent plate boundary.
2. transform fault.
3. convergent plate boundary.
4. subduction zone.
5. mantle fault.
div
erge
nt pla
te b
oun...
tran
sform
faul
t.
conve
rgen
t pla
te b
o...
subduc
tion
zone
.
man
tle fa
ult.
20% 20% 20%20%20%
Tectonic plates move in opposite but parallel directions along a fault at a(an)
1. divergent plate boundary.
2. transform fault.
3. convergent plate boundary.
4. subduction zone.
5. mantle fault.
ener
gy fro
m th
e su
n...
ener
gy fro
m th
e su
n ...
ener
gy fro
m th
e su
n a..
gra
vity
and m
agnet
ism
.
only
gra
vity
.
20% 20% 20%20%20%
The energy sources primarily responsible for earth's external geological processes are
1. energy from the sun and magnetism.
2. energy from the sun and gravity.
3. energy from the sun and heat from earth's interior.
4. gravity and magnetism.
5. only gravity.
the
crea
tion o
f a fa
ult ...
a c
hange
in o
cean
cu...
dum
ping o
f toxi
c was
...
com
ets
cras
hing
into
...
min
ing.
20% 20% 20%20%20%
An earthquake is most directly caused by
1. the creation of a fault (fracture in rock) or shifting along an existing fault.
2. a change in ocean currents.
3. dumping of toxic wastes.
4. comets crashing into earth.
5. mining.
cry
stal
stru
cture
org
anic
nat
urally
occ
urring
solid
inor
ganic
20% 20% 20%20%20%
Which of the following is not a characteristic of a mineral?
1. crystal structure
2. organic
3. naturally occurring
4. solid
5. inorganic
sed
imen
tary
.
igne
ous.
met
amorp
hic.
cry
stal
.
pla
stic
ized.
20% 20% 20%20%20%
All of the following are broad classes of rock except
1. sedimentary.
2. igneous.
3. metamorphic.
4. crystal.
5. plasticized.
met
amorp
hic
igne
ous
sed
imen
tary
pla
stic
ized
cry
stal
20% 20% 20%20%20%
Lava is an example of ____ rock.
1. metamorphic
2. igneous
3. sedimentary
4. plasticized
5. crystal
met
amorp
hism
.
the
rock
cyc
le.
pet
rogra
phy.
conso
lidat
ion.
hyd
rogeo
logy.
20% 20% 20%20%20%
The change of rocks from one type to another is known as
1. metamorphism.
2. the rock cycle.
3. petrography.
4. consolidation.
5. hydrogeology.
are
an im
porta
nt s
ou...
incl
ude li
mes
tone
an.
..
are
alw
ays
form
ed o
n...
incl
ude s
chis
t and g
n...
can
be
deriv
ed fr
om ..
.
20% 20% 20%20%20%
Igneous rocks
1. are an important source of many non-fuel mineral resources.
2. include limestone and shale.
3. are always formed on the surface.
4. include schist and gneiss.
5. can be derived from plant remains.
met
amorp
hic.
igne
ous.
sed
imen
tary
.
gem
ston
es.
pla
stic
ized.
20% 20% 20%20%20%
The type of rock that covers most of earth's land surface is
1. metamorphic.
2. igneous.
3. sedimentary.
4. gemstones.
5. plasticized.
igne
ous ro
ck in
to s
...
sed
imen
tary
rock
int..
.
met
amorp
hic ro
ck in
t...
sed
imen
tary
rock
int..
.
met
amorp
hic in
to s
...
20% 20% 20%20%20%
Heat and pressure convert
1. igneous rock into sedimentary rock.
2. sedimentary rock into metamorphic rock.
3. metamorphic rock into igneous rock.
4. sedimentary rock into igneous rock.
5. metamorphic into sedimentary rock.
prim
ary
sec
ondary
met
amorp
hic
igne
ous
terti
ary
20% 20% 20%20%20%
Slate, anthracite, and marble are ____ rocks.
1. primary
2. secondary
3. metamorphic
4. igneous
5. tertiary
Tru
e
Fal
se
50%50%
A subduction zone is associated with a transform fault.
1. True
2. False
core
and
lower
man
tle.
core
and
upper
man
tle.
cru
st a
nd lo
wer m
antle
.
cru
st a
nd upp
er m
antle
.
core
and
cru
st.
20% 20% 20%20%20%
The lithosphere is made of
1. core and lower mantle.
2. core and upper mantle.
3. crust and lower mantle.
4. crust and upper mantle.
5. core and crust.
mov
ing
tect
onic p
late
s.
ear
thqu
akes
.
wea
ther
ing.
mas
s was
ting.
volc
anoes
.
20% 20% 20%20%20%
Soil is developed most directly through
1. moving tectonic plates.
2. earthquakes.
3. weathering.
4. mass wasting.
5. volcanoes.
hum
us is
dis
solv
ed.
wat
er re
move
s so
lubl
...
org
anic
com
pounds.
..
rock
is s
hatte
red
by f.
..
wat
er s
tays
in th
e so
il.
20% 20% 20%20%20%
Leaching occurs when
1. humus is dissolved.
2. water removes soluble soil components.
3. organic compounds slowly decay.
4. rock is shattered by frost action.
5. water stays in the soil.
gra
y re
d
dar
k br
own o
r bla
ck
yel
low
gre
en
20% 20% 20%20%20%
Topsoil that is ____ in color is the most highly fertile.
1. gray
2. red
3. dark brown or black
4. yellow
5. green
hig
h per
centa
ge of s
...
hig
h per
centa
ge of l
...
lack
of i
ron o
xide.
low o
rgan
ic m
atte
r c...
larg
e num
ber o
f soi
l ...
20% 20% 20%20%20%
Red and yellow colors in a soil horizon usually indicate a
1. high percentage of sand.
2. high percentage of lime and gypsum.
3. lack of iron oxide.
4. low organic matter content.
5. large number of soil organisms.
conife
rous
fore
st.
des
ert.
dec
iduous
fore
st.
tropic
al fo
rest
gra
ssla
nd.
20% 20% 20%20%20%
A soil sample of closely packed pebbles that is a mixture of minerals and low in humus
probably came from a1. coniferous forest.
2. desert.
3. deciduous forest.
4. tropical forest
5. grassland.
hig
h . . .
hig
h
hig
h . . .
low
low. .
. hi
gh
low. .
. lo
w
med
ium
. . .
med
ium
20% 20% 20%20%20%
Clay has ____ permeability and ____ porosity.
1. high . . . high
2. high . . . low
3. low. . . high
4. low. . . low
5. medium . . . medium
cla
y an
d si
lt.
san
d and lo
am.
cla
y an
d lo
am.
silt
and
loam
.
san
d and c
lay.
20% 20% 20%20%20%
Soil textures with moderate physical and chemical properties include
1. clay and silt.
2. sand and loam.
3. clay and loam.
4. silt and loam.
5. sand and clay.