Post on 14-Apr-2018
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Gender and Development(made easy)
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OBJECTIVES
1. To attain basic understanding
of gender and how it affects
development.
2. To generate appreciation of GAD
concepts and principles as toolsfor development planning.
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COVERAGE
WHAT is DEVELOPMENT?I.
II. WHAT is GENDER?
WHAT are GENDER ISSUES?
WHAT is GAD?
III.
IV.
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Development is about attaining a fulland satisfying life for all
Development: Whats the bottomline?
Attaining a full and satisfying life forall is a shared responsibility
- of everyone- regardless o f age, sex, rel igion,
ethnic i ty or c lass- of the government as duly mandated autho r i ty
- of al l ind iv iduals and enti t ies who benefi t from
development or are affected by the lack of i t
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For individuals the performance of
this responsibility requires:
a) the capacity to do; and
b) the capacity to be
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The capacity to do means -
ability orpower
to do productive and satisfying work
to have control over ones income
and benefit from it
to enjoy nature and the naturalenvironment
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to procreate and rear children
to care for others
to travel in search for
opportunities
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The capacity to be means-a right and opportunity
to be knowledgeable and skillful
to be well-nourished
to be confident of own abilities
to be comfortable with achievements,
independence and power
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Forgovernments, the responsibility
to promote the attainment of abetter life for all means -
a) helping people develop their
abilities and individual strengths
b) protecting peoples rights and
creating opportunities for thedevelopment of peoples abilities
and individual strengths
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II. WHATS GENDER?
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Gender is very much related to sex
and many people are often confused
about the distinction between sex
and gender.
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A good starting point is, therefore,to conceptually differentiate SEX
and GENDER
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SEX: a natural distinguishing variable
It is concerned with differentiating
people based on biological attributes,
such as:
phys ical - body contour, features, geni tals,
reproduc t ive organs
genet ic - ch romosomes, ho rmones
label - female or male; man o r woman
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SEX is universal, fixed, and is a valid
distinguishing variable.
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GENDER: a cultural, contrived
distinguishing variable
It is concerned with differentiating
people based on perceptions, roles,and social expectations
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Problems begin when their confusion
find its way into decisions affecting:
resource allocation
assignment of roles and responsibilities
transactional processes
problem analysis
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Productive-Reproductive Divide
Productive Reproductive
work
politics
paid
visible
valued
chi ld bir th/rear ing home management
family care
unpaid
invisible
not valued
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Gender issues are deterrents
to development. Thus, it isimportant to address them in
development planning.
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Then, what is GAD?
1. GAD is about recognizing that
gender biases impede development
because:
they prevent people from attaining
their full potentials (which will enable
them to become effective contribu-tors to development)
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they distort understanding of
social realities and limit the impacts
of development inputs
they exacerbate social inequity and
inequality which are the very end
goals of the MTPDP
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GAD is about removing explicit,
implicit, actual and potentialgender biases
in the organizations; and
Of those who are concerned withdevelopment
PPAs
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GAD is about being faithful to the
principle that
Fairness and equity demands that
everyone in society, whether male offemale, has the right to the same
opportunities to achieve a full and
satisfying life.
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But why focus moreon women?
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Eliminating gender inequalities leads to
signif icant productivi ty gains, provides large
societal benef i ts and enhances poverty
reduction scheme
-World Bank
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First, women are half of thecountrys population. As such, they
are half of the producers of economic
goods and services
bu t
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Second, they are already in themoney economy
informal sector
wage employment
trading
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discrimination
but, in being so, they experience a
lot of hardships
multiple roles
violence and sexual harassment
lack of protection
exploitation
poor skills
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Third, women have unique stakes,roles and insights to share in order to
attain development objectives,such as in:
imparting values that have
profound impacts on humanprogress and economic
development
sustaining the environment
managing population growth
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Why us?
Everyone who believes in the vision ofattaining a full and satisfying life for all
has an obligation to help pursue GAD
We are custodians of peoples trust and
resources. We have the power,knowledge, skills and resources to make
development work for everybody
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examine assignment of roles
at home and correct gendered
patterns
critique books of young children
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B) Professional
disaggregate data by sex
attain balance in various positions
(esp. top and decision-making
positions)
stop gender discrimination in
recruitment, hiring, training,promotion
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treat each one as equals; demolish
hierarchical social transactions
adopt a GAD plan of action (review
content of training programs; developtools, conduct GRP, participate
in inter-agency activities on
GAD, etc.)
make spaces for disadvantaged menand women
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