Post on 22-Jan-2015
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RENALT ENERGY Renewable and Alternative Energy for the New Millennium
A Business Unit of GBH Enterprises, Ltd.
Gerard B. Hawkins, Executive Director
RENALT ENERGY Renewable and Alternative Energy for the New Millennium
What is Gasification?
A Business Unit of GBH Enterprises, Ltd.
Gasification converts any carbon-containing material into synthesis gas, composed primarily of carbon monoxide and hydrogen (referred to as syngas) Syngas can be used as a fuel to generate electricity or steam, as a basic chemical building block for a large number of uses in the petrochemical and refining industries, and for the production of hydrogen Gasification adds value to low- or negative-value feedstocks by converting them to marketable fuels and products
RENALT ENERGY Renewable and Alternative Energy for the New Millennium
The Gasifier
A Business Unit of GBH Enterprises, Ltd.
RENALT ENERGY Renewable and Alternative Energy for the New Millennium
A Business Unit of GBH Enterprises, Ltd.
Gasification – Differences from Combustion
Add water and high pressure Use less air or oxygen Gasification exit gases are at high pressure, so smaller volume, smaller reactors Combustion makes heat + CO2 + H2O Gasification makes less heat + carbon monoxide + hydrogen (CO + H2); called Syngas
RENALT ENERGY Renewable and Alternative Energy for the New Millennium
A Business Unit of GBH Enterprises, Ltd.
So what can you do with CO and H2 ?
RENALT ENERGY Renewable and Alternative Energy for the New Millennium
A Business Unit of GBH Enterprises, Ltd.
Water-Gas-Shift (WGS) Reaction
Dry syngas is ~ 40% CO + 50% H2 For each CO molecule the WGS reaction creates one H2 molecule and one CO2 molecule
CO + H2O + catalyst CO2 + H2
After the WGS reaction, the CO2 and H2 can be separated High pressure CO2 results in lower cost sequestration Hydrogen can be burned to make power
2H2 + O2 2H2O
RENALT ENERGY Renewable and Alternative Energy for the New Millennium
A Business Unit of GBH Enterprises, Ltd.
Overview of Energy Systems Options
RENALT ENERGY Renewable and Alternative Energy for the New Millennium
A Business Unit of GBH Enterprises, Ltd.
Chemicals and Products from Gasification
RENALT ENERGY Renewable and Alternative Energy for the New Millennium
A Business Unit of GBH Enterprises, Ltd.
Benefits of Gasification
Feedstock flexibility Wide range of coals, petcoke, liquids, wastes, biomass can be utilized Product flexibility Syngas can be converted to high valued products: electricity, steam, hydrogen, liquid transportation fuels, chemicals, SNG Environmental superiority Pollutants can be economically controlled to extremely low levels (SO2, NOX, CO, Hg, etc.) Reduced water consumption Potential solid wastes can be utilized or easily managed High efficiency / low CO2 production CO2 can be easily captured for sale or geologic storage (sequestration)
RENALT ENERGY Renewable and Alternative Energy for the New Millennium
A Business Unit of GBH Enterprises, Ltd.
Technologies applicable to:
Biomass Gasification: Production of chemicals, fertilizers, hydrogen and/or liquid fuels Gasification: Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) power production with 90% carbon capture Coal & Coal Biomass to Liquids (C&CBTL)(Fuels): Production of chemicals, fertilizers, hydrogen and/or liquid fuels
RENALT ENERGY Renewable and Alternative Energy for the New Millennium
A Business Unit of GBH Enterprises, Ltd.
Key Technologies
Feed Systems Oxygen separation Expand fuel flexibility Increase efficiency Gasifier Optimization and Plant Supporting Systems Improve reliability Increase efficiency Syngas Supporting Systems Hydrogen and carbon dioxide separation Control multi-contaminants to extremely low levels
RENALT ENERGY Renewable and Alternative Energy for the New Millennium
A Business Unit of GBH Enterprises, Ltd.
RENALT ENERGY Renewable and Alternative Energy for the New Millennium
A Business Unit of GBH Enterprises, Ltd.
Key Gasification Systems R&D Areas
RENALT ENERGY Renewable and Alternative Energy for the New Millennium
A Business Unit of GBH Enterprises, Ltd.
Key 2nd Generation Technologies
RENALT ENERGY Renewable and Alternative Energy for the New Millennium
A Business Unit of GBH Enterprises, Ltd.
RENALT ENERGY Renewable and Alternative Energy for the New Millennium
A Business Unit of GBH Enterprises, Ltd.
Study Matrix
RENALT ENERGY Renewable and Alternative Energy for the New Millennium
A Business Unit of GBH Enterprises, Ltd.
IGCC Performance Results
RENALT ENERGY Renewable and Alternative Energy for the New Millennium
A Business Unit of GBH Enterprises, Ltd.
PC and NGCC Performance Results
RENALT ENERGY Renewable and Alternative Energy for the New Millennium
A Business Unit of GBH Enterprises, Ltd.
IGCC Economic Results
RENALT ENERGY Renewable and Alternative Energy for the New Millennium
A Business Unit of GBH Enterprises, Ltd.
Systems Analysis Bituminous IGCC Pathway Study
RENALT ENERGY Renewable and Alternative Energy for the New Millennium
A Business Unit of GBH Enterprises, Ltd.
IGCC Advanced Technology Assessments
RENALT ENERGY Renewable and Alternative Energy for the New Millennium
A Business Unit of GBH Enterprises, Ltd.
Advanced IGCC Systems : Driving Down the Cost
RENALT ENERGY Renewable and Alternative Energy for the New Millennium
A Business Unit of GBH Enterprises, Ltd.
Advanced IGCC Systems : Driving Down the Cost
RENALT ENERGY Renewable and Alternative Energy for the New Millennium
A Business Unit of GBH Enterprises, Ltd.
Lowest Cost Power Generation Options MIDWEST (sea level): Today’s NGCC versus Today’s Coal (Bituminous)
RENALT ENERGY Renewable and Alternative Energy for the New Millennium
A Business Unit of GBH Enterprises, Ltd.
Lowest Cost Power Generation Options MIDWEST (sea level): Today’s NGCC versus Today’s Coal (Bituminous)
RENALT ENERGY Renewable and Alternative Energy for the New Millennium
A Business Unit of GBH Enterprises, Ltd.
Systems Analysis
RENALT ENERGY Renewable and Alternative Energy for the New Millennium
A Business Unit of GBH Enterprises, Ltd.
Conventional IGCC Compared to PC and NGCC
RENALT ENERGY Renewable and Alternative Energy for the New Millennium
A Business Unit of GBH Enterprises, Ltd.
Fundamental Comparison of IGCC with Advanced PC-Fired Plant
RENALT ENERGY Renewable and Alternative Energy for the New Millennium
A Business Unit of GBH Enterprises, Ltd.
Comparison of Air Emission Controls: PC vs. IGCC
RENALT ENERGY Renewable and Alternative Energy for the New Millennium
A Business Unit of GBH Enterprises, Ltd.
Effect of Coal Quality on PC and IGCC Plant Heat Rates and Capital Costs
RENALT ENERGY Renewable and Alternative Energy for the New Millennium
A Business Unit of GBH Enterprises, Ltd.
Conventional Coal Plant
RENALT ENERGY Renewable and Alternative Energy for the New Millennium
A Business Unit of GBH Enterprises, Ltd.
Natural Gas Combined Cycle
RENALT ENERGY Renewable and Alternative Energy for the New Millennium
A Business Unit of GBH Enterprises, Ltd.
Coal-Based IGCC Power Plant
RENALT ENERGY Renewable and Alternative Energy for the New Millennium
A Business Unit of GBH Enterprises, Ltd.
Coal-Based IGCC Power Plant
RENALT ENERGY Renewable and Alternative Energy for the New Millennium
A Business Unit of GBH Enterprises, Ltd.
Gasification-Based Energy Conversion Systems
A Business Unit of GBH Enterprises, Ltd.