CHAPTER 2: BASIC OF OPEN SOURCE OPERATING SYSTEM

Part 1

2

1983, AT&T is splitted It can sell software

There is a great market for Operating System

Major hardware vendors need OS

AT&T is selling UNIX System v4 and licensing it

AIX for IBM, HP-UX for HP, …

BSD is a real danger for AT&T’s market

BSD is not supported

BSD should not be used in commercial

3

AT&T sold UNIX as much as possible

Novel bought UNIX code and License

Novel sold the code and license after 2 years

Santa Cruz Operating System

Microsoft developed Xenix

Based on UNIX VIII

It was NOT successful

4

Tanenbaum developed free OS

Its name is Minix

Minix is based on UNIX

Source code available, Modification is restricted

It cannot run on 32bit processors

5

Develop a free OS for 32bit (Intel) processors

Title of a Finnish student’s MS thesis

The student is Linus Benedict Torvalds

6

Birthday

25 August 1991

Linux 0.02

It was developed in MINIX

It run on 80386 (32bit microprocessor)

It had a terminal emulator & C compiler

Linus posted the code to Minix mailing list

He requested feedback

7

1) Reliability

The majority of Linux variants and versions are notoriously reliable and can often run for months and years without needing to be rebooted.

Majoriti varian dan versi Linux yang terkenal boleh berfungsi/berjalan selama beberapa bulan dan tahun tanpa perlu reboot.

2) Scalability

Support Wide Range of Hardware

3) Security

Linux programs are designed to operate in a more secure manner as isolated processes.

Linux (and Mac OS X) prevent any real damage occurring on a system unless the user is logged in with the highest levels of permissions as root or administrator.

Program Linux direka bentuk untuk beroperasi dengan cara yang lebih selamat

Linux (dan Mac OS X) mengelakkan sebarang kerosakan sebenar yang berlaku pada sistem kecuali pengguna log masuk dengan tahap tertinggi kebenaran sebagai root atau pentadbir.

9

Kernel???

Kernel is the main component of most computer operating systems; it is a bridge between applications and the actual data processing done at the hardware level. 

A kernel connects the application software to the hardware of a computer

10

Both Linux and Windows are monolithic

All core operating system services run in a shared address space in kernel-mode

Semua perkhidmatan sistem teras operasi yang dijalankan dalam ruang alamat dikongsi dalam mode kernel

All core operating system services are part of a single module

Semua perkhidmatan teras sistem operasi adalah sebahagian daripada modul tunggal

Windowing is handled differently:

Windows has a kernel-mode Windowing subsystem

Linux has a user-mode X-Windowing system

11

Device Drivers

Process Management, Memory Management, I/O Management, etc.

X-Windows

Application

System Services

User ModeKernel Mode

Hardware Dependent Code

Linux

Device Drivers

Process Management, Memory Management, I/O Management, etc.

Win32Windowing

Application

System Services

User ModeKernel Mode

Hardware Dependent Code

Windows

1) Fedora Core

Official website:wwwwww.fedoraproject.org

2)Knoppix

Official website:www.knoppix.org

3) Debian GNU/Linux

Official website:www.debian.org

4) OpenSUSE

Official website:www.opensuse.org

5) Ubuntu

Official website:www.ubuntu.com

6) Slackware

Official website:www.slackware.com

7) Gentoo

Official website:http://www.gentoo.org