Transcript of Forward particle production measured by LHCf; testing hadronic interaction models for CR physics...
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- Forward particle production measured by LHCf; testing hadronic
interaction models for CR physics Takashi SAKO (Solar-Terrestrial
environment Laboratory/Kobayashi- Maskawa Institute, Nagoya
University, Japan) On behalf of the LHCf Collaboration 11-Feb-2013
IV Workshop on Air Shower Detection at High Altitude@Napoli
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- Forward particle production measured by LHCf; testing hadronic
interaction models for CR physics Takashi SAKO (Solar-Terrestrial
environment Laboratory/Kobayashi- Maskawa Institute, Nagoya
University, Japan) On behalf of the LHCf Collaboration 21-Feb-2013
IV Workshop on Air Shower Detection at High Altitude@Napoli
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- Outline Quick reminder for the CR and interaction Important
collider observables The LHCf experiment Experimental setup and
status Results from 900GeV and 7TeV p-p collisions Impact on air
shower Future Summary 3
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- CR and Interaction 4
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- Uncertainty in hadronic interaction 5 PROTON IRON 10 19 10 18
0g/cm 2 Xmax Proton shower and nuclear shower of same total energy
Pierre Auger Observatory Deep in the atmosphere Players: EPOS,
QGSJET, SIBYLL, DPMJET models
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- 6 (Kampert and Unger, Astropart. Phys., 2012) Lower energy also
QGS1 QGSII SIBYLLEPOS
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- Collider observables 7
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- 8 Leading baryons Multi meson production What to be measured at
accelerators? proton / neutron 00 ++ -- 1. Inelastic cross section
interaction mean free path 3. Nuclear effect elasticity (E baryon
/E 0 ) baryon spectrum inelasticity (E meson /E 0 = 1-elasticity)
multiplicity meson spectrum 2. Particle production Note: s=14TeV E
lab =10 17 eV
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- Where to be measured at colliders? multiplicity and energy flux
at LHC 14TeV collisions pseudo-rapidity; = -ln(tan(/2))
Multiplicity Energy flux All particles neutral Most of the
particles produced into central, Most of the energy flows into
forward 9
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- 10 result @ 7TeV The TOTEM Collaboration, CERN-PH-EP-2012-353
R.Ulrich et al., PRD, 83 (2011) 054026 Before LHC After LHC
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- multiplicity@central 11 D.DEnterria et al., Astropart. Phys.,
35 (2011) 98-113
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- Forward Energy Flow (Hadronic Forward Calorimeter) 12 The CMS
Collaboration, JHEP, 11 (2011) 148
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- LHCf 13
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- T.Iso, Y.Itow, K.Kawade, Y.Makino, K.Masuda, Y.Matsubara,
E.Matsubayashi, G.Mitsuka, Y.Muraki, T.Sako Solar-Terrestrial
Environment Laboratory, Nagoya University, Japan H.Menjo
Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute, Nagoya University, Japan K.Yoshida
Shibaura Institute of Technology, Japan K.Kasahara, Y.Shimizu,
T.Suzuki, S.Torii Waseda University, Japan T.Tamura Kanagawa
University, Japan M.Haguenauer Ecole Polytechnique, France
W.C.Turner LBNL, Berkeley, USA O.Adriani, L.Bonechi, M.Bongi,
R.DAlessandro, M.Grandi, P.Papini, S.Ricciarini, G.Castellini INFN,
Univ. di Firenze, Italy A.Tricomi INFN, Univ. di Catania, Italy
J.Velasco, A.Faus IFIC, Centro Mixto CSIC-UVEG, Spain A-L.Perrot,
D.Pfeiffer CERN, Switzerland The LHCf collaboration
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- The LHC forward experiment 15 ATLAS 140m LHCf Arm#1 LHCf Arm#2
Two independent detectors at either side of IP1 (Arm#1, Arm#2 )
Charged particles (+) Beam Charged particles (-) Neutralparticles
Beam pipe 96mm All charged particles are swept by dipole magnet
Neutral particles (photons and neutrons) arrive at LHCf 0 degree is
covered
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- LHCf Detectors Arm#1 Detector 20mmx20mm+40mmx40mm 4 XY
SciFi+MAPMT Arm#2 Detector 25mmx25mm+32mmx32mm 4 XY Silicon strip
detectors Imaging sampling shower calorimeters Two calorimeter
towers in each of Arm1 and Arm2 Each tower has 44 r.l. of
Tungsten,16 sampling scintillator and 4 position sensitive layers
16
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- 17 Which E-p T range LHCf sees ? pp 7TeV, EPOS
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- Summary of 2009-2010 run and current status With Stable Beams
at s = 900 GeV Total of 42 hours for physics About 10 5 shower
events in Arm1+Arm2 With Stable Beams at s = 7 TeV (E lab = 2.5x10
16 eV) Total of 150 hours for physics with different setups
Different vertical position to increase the accessible kinematical
range Runs with or without beam crossing angle ~ 4x10 8 shower
events in Arm1+Arm2 ~ 10 6 0 events in Arm1 and Arm2 Status Photon
spectra at 900 GeV and 7 TeV, 0 spectra at 7TeV are published
Taking data at 4TeV/Z p-Pb collision NOW Upgrade to more rad-hard
detectors for 14TeV in 2015 18
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- Observed event Energy & PID Position & multihit ID
Longitudinal development Lateral development Silicon X Silicon
Y
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- Particle Identification 20 (L 90% indicates the depth of
shower) Photon event Hadron event (Adriani et al., PLB, 2011) + ;
data Histograms; MC 90%
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- 21 Photon spectra @ 7TeV (Data vs. Models) DPMJET 3.04 QGSJET
II-03 SIBYLL 2.1 EPOS 1.99 PYTHIA 8.145 Adriani et al., PLB, 703
(2011) 128-134 Around 0 degree (On axis) Off axis
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- Photon spectra @ 900GeV 22 Adriani et al., PLB, 715 (2012)
298-303
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- small- = Large tower big- =Small tower 900GeV vs. 7TeV
Normalized by # of evnetsX F > 0.1 Statistical error only X F
spectra : 900GeV data vs. 7TeV data Good agreement of X F spectrum
shape between 900 GeV and 7 TeV. Preliminary Data 2010 at s=900GeV
(Normalized by the number of entries in X F > 0.1) Data 2010 at
s=7TeV (>10.94) LHCf coverage in X F -p T plane (X F = E/E beam
) 900GeV vs. 7TeV with the same PT region 900 GeV Small+large tower
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- 0 analysis 0 candidate 599GeV & 419GeV photons in 25mm and
32mm tower, respectively M = (E 1 xE 2 ) 24 Longitudinal
development Lateral development Silicon X Silicon Y Small Cal.
Large Cal. I.P.1 1 (E 1 ) 2 (E 2 ) 140m R
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- 25 Adriani et al., PRD, 86, 092001 (2012) 0 p T distribution in
different rapidity (y) ranges
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- 0 26 comparison with UA7 at 630GeV (Pare et al., PLB, 242, 531
(1990)) y beam - y
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- x F = E/E 0 Playing a game with air shower (effect of forward
meson spectra) 27 DPMJET3 always overpredicts production Filtering
DPMJET3 mesons according to an empirical probability function,
divide mesons into two with keeping p T Fraction of mesons escape
out of LHCf acceptance This process Holds cross section Holds
elasticity/inelasticity Holds energy conservation Changes
multiplicity Does not conserve charge event-by-event E=E 1 +E 2
E1E1 E2E2 x F = E/E 0 pTpT
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- An example of filtering 28 0 spectrum photon spectrum
DPMJET3+filter 2.5x10 16 eV proton ~30g/cm 2
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- Future Neutron spectra in 7TeV p-p analysis on going 4TeV/Z
p-Pb data taking on going Joint analysis with ATLAS data ready 14
TeV p-p in 2015 detector upgrade on going Light nuclei at LHC,
RHIC??? possibility in discussion 29
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- Neutron Spectra at 7TeV pp (models) 30 Model predictions Model
predictions smeared by the LHCf energy resolution
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- 31 p-Pb collisions Photon spectrum at the p remnant Neutron
spectrum at the p remnant (energy resolution taken into account) 1
st collider experiment pA (dA done at RHIC) LHCf triggers ATLAS to
take common events with central
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- 32 Leading baryons Multi meson production What to be measured
at accelerators? proton / neutron 00 ++ -- 1. Inelastic cross
section interaction mean free path 3. Nuclear effect elasticity (E
baryon /E 0 ) baryon spectrum inelasticity (E meson /E 0 =
1-elasticity) multiplicity meson spectrum 2. Particle production
Note: s=14TeV E lab =10 17 eV
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- Summary 33 Experiments at LHC provide useful data to calibrate
CR interaction models LHCf is a dedicated experiment to measure
forward particles effective to the air shower development LHCf
completed operation at 900GeV and 7TeV p-p collisions and published
photon and 0 spectra None of the models perfectly describe the LHCf
results, but models well bracket the experiment (this is generally
true for the other LHC results). No sizable collision energy
dependence is so far found Forward meson spectra is effective in
LHCf is proceeding more analysis, takes more data with p-Pb
collisions and 14TeV p-p collisions, and more
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- 34 Cosmic-ray spectrum & Colliders LHC 14TeV Tevatron LHC
0.9TeV LHC 7 TeV SppS RHIC ISR 10 10 20 eV Knee: end of galactic
proton CR End of galactic CR and transition to extra-gal CR Ankle
(GZK) cutoff: end of CR spectrum Perfect (or best at least)
understanding up to 10 17 eV helps CR physics
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- Backup 35
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- LHC n, gamma