Post on 12-Jan-2020
FINAL
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
&
ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN
REPORT
INGANI JHARAN IRON & MANGANESE MINES
OF
M/s SRI BIKASH CHANDRA DEB
OVER AN AREA OF 114.930 Ha
AT
DADWAN VILLAGE, KEONJHAR, ODISHA
FOR
Sadekar Enviro Engineers Pvt. Ltd.
Recognized by MOEF, Govt. of India
Accredited by Quality Council of India (NABL & NABET)
403/ 404, Paradise Tower, Opp. Alok Hotel,Gokhale Road, Naupada, Thane – 400 602, Maharashtra, India.
Ph: 2543 54 81 / 2533 82 43 Fax: 2543 88 38E. Mail : sadekar@mtnl.net.in; psadekar@yahoo.com
Prepared By
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PROPOSED IRON & MANGANESE ORE MINES OF M/S. SRI BIKASH CHANDRA DEB.
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1. PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The scheme of mining Ingranijharan Iron and Manganese Mines of Sri B.C. Deb
was approved Vide. Let. No. BBS/KJ/Fe & Mn/MS-168 dt. 212.12.2006 by IBM
for a period of 5 years from 2004-05 to 2008-09. Subsequently, under Rule 23- B
of MCDR-1988 the revised scheme of mining along with progressive mine
closure plan was approved vide letter no. MP/OTFM/18-ORI/BHU/2014-15 dated
06-04-2015 for the period of 20-11-2013-14 to 2017-18.
Due to legal problems, mining operations was discontinued up-to 14.01.06 upon
receipt of permission from the State Government, the lessee reopened on
15.01.06 (last quarter of the FY 2005-06).
The SPCB, Odisha was requested for permission of installation of a crushing and
Screening plant for up gradation of ore in the mines. The SPCB has given
permission vide let. no. 20183 SPCB/ BBSR-1-IND (CON)-4581 dated 21-08-
2006 for the same.
Forest de-reservation proposal has been duly submitted. This has been forwarded
to the DFO, Keonjhar vide state Serial No. 301/109 dated 20.01.2009 for
compliance of report.
Environmental Clearance has been initiated as per EIA Notification 2006 and MOEF
has issued TOR for preparation of EIA Report vide Letter No. J-11015/246/2008
date 22.12.10. Owing to the present market demand and adoption of ecofriendly
mining, The lessee is interested for enhancement of production of Iron and
Manganese ore i.e. 0.6 MTPA and 0.075MTPA respectively. This is under
screening category of “A”. the EMP is prepared as per the TOR prescribed by the
MOEF.
The geographical location of the core zone is given below.
State Odisha
District Keonjhar
P.S Joda
Village Dadwan
Lease Area 114.930 ha
Toposheet No. 73F/8
Latitude 22000‟45”N
Longitude 85027‟30”E
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PROPOSED IRON & MANGANESE ORE MINES OF M/S. SRI BIKASH CHANDRA DEB.
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The lease area is approachable from Joda (Town as well as Railway Station) at
distance of 5 kms towards West from the site. Nearest Highway is NH-215
distance of 5 kms towards west from the site. Nearest air port is at Bhubaneswar
and Port at Paradeep.
The total lease area is of 114.930ha. it is represented in lease plan Khurda nala
flowing along the lease boundary. The nalas /streams will not be disturbed by the
mining operation.
The drainage of the area is controlled by the river Baitarani.
Estimated Ore Reserve:
Iron ore Reserve Estimate
Grade Proved
(G1) MT
Probable
(G2) MT
Possible
(G3) MT
Total
(MT)
Saleable
(>58% Fe) 7,46,829 2,26,858 1,25,260
10,98,947
Sub-grade
(45-58%Fe) 82,982 25,206 13,918
1,22,106
Total 8,29,811 2,52,064 1,39,178 12,21,053
Manganese ore Reserve Estimate
Grade Proved
(G1) MT
Probable
(G2) MT
Possible
(G3) MT Total (MT)
Saleable
(>25% Mn) 6,94,986 5,09,364 2,51,746 14,56,096
Sub-grade
( 10-25 %
Mn)
1,22,644 89,889 44,425 2,56,958
Total 8,17,630 5,99,253 2,96,171 17,13,054
Various equipments which will be used for mining activities are given below,
Sl no. Equipment Specification Proposed
1 Excavator 0.9m3 capacity 5
2 Wagon drill BMC-150 3
3 Tippers Tata (10T) 25
4 Compressor Holman TA 13T 1
5 Jack harmers Atlas Copco 2
6 Rock breaker --- 1
7 Water Tanker TMB 1
8 Water pump 10HP 3
One jack hammer will be kept as stand by. Excluding the above machineries
water tankers, sprinklers, trucks and tippers for transportation will be deployed,
the final slope angle would be kept at 450 with the erection of quarry bench of
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PROPOSED IRON & MANGANESE ORE MINES OF M/S. SRI BIKASH CHANDRA DEB.
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6m/6m and 5m/5m height and width in the iron ore zone and 3m height & width
in the manganese ore zone. A total amount of 1315185m3 of solid waste will
generated during the life of the mine. An area of 16.099 ha is earmarked for the
dumping.
Life of the mine will be 10 years for iron ore mines The pre-mining land use is
represented as follows.
a) Reserve forest (Sidhamatha) - 32.704
b) Protected forest (in revenue village - 25.325
Kolha, Roida, Boneikela & Kamarjoda)
c) Non-forest Govt. & Private land - 56.901
Total:- 114.930
The post Mining Land use until conceptual period will be as follows:
Type of land Use FOREST
(Ha.)
NON-
FOREST
(Ha.)
TOTAL
(Ha.)
Area under excavation 5.51 27.91 33.42
Overburden Dump 8.80 7.87 16.67
Mineral storage 0.30 2.34 2.64
Storage for top-soil 0 0 0
Sub grade storage 0.10 0.43 0.53
Infrastructure (Crusher, rest shelter,
administrative building etc.) 0.50 0.97 1.47
Township 0 0 0
Roads 0.25 0.94 1.19
Green belt (Safety Zone) 2.32 5.38 7.70
Retaining wall , garland drain &
settling tank around dump, mineral
stack yard, sub-grade stack yard and
check dam along nala
0.75 0.97 1.72
Ancillary activities including float
mining 6.11 6.03 12.14
Area for future exploration and
mining 33.487 3.963 37.45
Total 58.127 56.803 114.93
Total personnel as shown in the table =151 nos.
Hence laborers deployed in carrying out other essential work such as in mining
and allied work come to be, 349-151= 198.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PROPOSED IRON & MANGANESE ORE MINES OF M/S. SRI BIKASH CHANDRA DEB.
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2. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
Different environmental parameters required to evaluate the prevailing scenario
have been generated / collected and compiled for the period from March 2010 to
May 2010. The annual normal rainfall of Keonjhar district is 1288.3 mm. the
temperature ranged from 4.00 C to 45
0C during the year, while the relative
humidity varied from 65.0% to 94.5% during Summer.
One season baseline data was collected for 2010 Summer Season for 8 locations
based on the CPCB guidelines of monitoring criteria and the respective
parameters were analyzed in an approved laboratory. The value of the analysis is
as represented below:
Zone Station
Code
Station Value Ground level Concentration
(µg/cum)
PM10 PM 2.5 SO2 NOx
Core
zone
A1 Mining
Lease
Area
Max 79.5 44 14.6 23.4
Min 71.6 26 6.7 15.4
Average 75.803
57
35.642
86
11.289
29
18.09
286
98
percentile
79.188 44 14.222 23.02
2
Buffe
r zone
A2 Dadwan
Village
Max 79.8 45 15.3 25.7
Min 60.6 27 10.2 15.4
Average 71.446
43
35.607
14
12.475 18.6
98
percentile
79.044 43.38 15.192 25.10
6
A3 Max 69.6 68 15.6 19.6
Min 64.3 35 8.5 14.3
Average 66.746
43
51.428
57
11.65 16.74
643
98
percentile
69.492 67.46 15.33 19.49
2
A4 Max 78.4 62 10.4 19.6
Min 71.9 31 7.1 12.6
Average 74.203
57
40.321
43
8.8642
86
16.39
286
98
percentile
77.968 60.38 10.13 19.54
6
A5 Max 77.3 56 10.2 18.4
Min 7.3 33 7.1 11.9
Average 74.303
57
42.678
57
8.8142
86
14.14
643
98
percentile
77.3 55.46 10.038 17.96
8
A6 Max 79.3 57 10.6 17.8
Min 73.9 25 6.2 10.3
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PROPOSED IRON & MANGANESE ORE MINES OF M/S. SRI BIKASH CHANDRA DEB.
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Average 76.714
29
39.428
57
8.7714
29
14.67
5
98
percentile
79.084 53.76 10.6 17.69
2
A7 Max 78.2 48 10.2 19.3
Min 72.3 26 6.7 13.9
Average 75.732
14
35.75 8.6714
29
16.83
214
98
percentile
78.2 48 9.984 19.08
4
A8 Kamalpur Max 78.4 58 9.6 18.2
Min 72.3 35 6.7 12.3
Average 75.764
29
47.535
71
8.1964
29
15.73
929
98
percentile
78.292 57.46 9.6 18.2
A9 Jogudidar Max 80.2 52 9.9 18.4
Min 76.7 31 6.9 12.3
Average 78.671
43
39.714
29
8.35 15.54
643
98
percentile
79.984 50.92 9.846 18.29
2
The vehicular movement is the main noise source during the study period. The
noise level data area varying from 37.0 to 59.5 dBA in the day time and in the
night it varies from 33.9 to 44.1 dBA. The noise level of the area is within the
prescribed limit.
The annual ground water recharge shall be 14.806 Ham Ham. The quality of
surface and ground water is within the prescribed limit of Inland Surface Water,
as per the standards of class-A, IS 3025 and IS 10500 respectively.
Standard : IS 2296, Class – A, Inland Surface Water
Surface Water Sample Locations:
SW1: Sona nala (upstream) SW2: Sona nala (downstream)
SW3: River Baitarani (downstream) SW4: River Baitarani (upstream)
SW5: Kadua Nala (upstream) SW6: Kadua Nala (upstream)
SW7: Dolpaharg pond waters
The area exposes mixed and dry deciduous teak forests. The commonly seen
flora species are Achu, Amla Asan, Bahada, Bel, Bhalia, Bheru, Bija, Char,
Daura, Gangasioli, Giringa, Khakada, Tentra, Dantare, Muturi etc. the
recorded fauna species are Belara musa, Harina, Bilua, Kutura, Jhinka,
Mankada (Hanu), Neula, Kapta, Kajalpati, Koili, Boda sapa, Dhaman etc. no
rare or endangered flora and fauna species are found.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PROPOSED IRON & MANGANESE ORE MINES OF M/S. SRI BIKASH CHANDRA DEB.
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GROUND WATER NALYSIS RESULT
Season: Summer Season (March 2010 to May 2010) Table-3.9
Sl.
No.
Parameters Units Standards GW1 GW2 GW3 GW4 GW5 GW6 GW7
1 Colour - - Colourless Colourless Colourless Colourless Colourless Colourless Colourless Colourless
2 Odour - - - - Odourless Odourless Odourless Odourless Odourless Odourless Odourless Odourless
3 pH - - - - 6.5-8.5 6.6 6.71 6.75 6.62 6.74 6.82 6.99
4 Dissolved oxygen mg/1 3.0(min) 7.31 9.17 7.53 4.83 6.6 5.48 6.71
5 T.D.S. mg/1 500 26.6 21.9 25.5 26.3 122 69.8 95.2
6 Suspended Solid mg/1 0 2.4 20.4 9.5 5.1 2.1 1.8 2.3
7 Chloride as Cl mg/1 250 6.95 9.44 11.93 7.45 8.95 12.42 10.01
8 Sulphate as SO4 mg/1 200 1.5 6.2 2.5 1.7 3.1 1.4 2.3
9 Cyanide as CN mg/1 0.05 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
10 Flouride as F mg/1 1 BDL BDL BDL 0.1 BDL BDL BDL
11 Phosphate as PO4 mg/1 0 0.058 0.109 0.103 0.073 0.077 0.092 0.081
12 Amonia as NH3 mg/1 0 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
13 Boron as B mg/1 1 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
14 Calcium as Ca mg/1 75 1.8 1.9 1.1 1.5 12.6 10.3 11.7
15 Magnesium as Mg mg/1 30 2.72 2.94 2.51 2.72 18.02 13.14 15.21
16 Arsenic as As mg/1 0.05 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
17 Barium as Ba mg/1 0 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
18 Cadmium as Cd mg/1 0.01 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
19 Total Chromium mg/1 0.1 0.020 0.022 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
20 Hexavalent Chromium mg/1 0.05 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
21 Copper as Cu mg/1 0.05 BDL 0.016 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PROPOSED IRON & MANGANESE ORE MINES OF M/S. SRI BIKASH CHANDRA DEB.
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22 Iron as Fe mg/1 0.3 0.14 0.12 0.23 0.18 0.18 0.13 0.21
23 Selenium as Se mg/1 0.01 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
24 Silver as Ag mg/1 0 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
25 Zinc as Zn mg/1 5 0.024 0.025 0.014 0.013 0.012 0.015 BDL
26 Phenol mg/1 0.001 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
27 Pesticides mg/1 Absent BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
28 Radioactive substance mg/1 0 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
Standard: IS 10 10500
Ground Water Sample Locations:
GW1: Dadwan Tube well GW2: Chamakpur Tube well GW3: Bansapani Well GW4: Raikora Tube well
GW5: Kankana Well GW6: Shankarpur Tube well GW7: Kundurpani Tube well
ANALYSIS OF SURFACE WATER SAMPLES
Season: Summer Season (March 2010 to May 2010) Table-3.10
Sl.
No.
Parameters Units Standards SW1 SW2 SW3 SW4 SW5 SW6 SW7
1 pH - - 6.5 - 8.5 7.06 6.69 6.97 6.75 7.47 7.14 7.75
2 Colour - - - - Colourless Colourless Colourless Colourless Colourless Colourless Colourless Colourless
3 Odour - - - - Odourless Odourless Odourless Odourless Odourless Odourless Odourless Odourless
4 Total solids mg/1 0 58.9 72.9 68.5 16.4 69 80.4 47.6
5 Total Suspended mg/1 0 8.2 33.5 15.3 5.2 20.1 30.9 10.6
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PROPOSED IRON & MANGANESE ORE MINES OF M/S. SRI BIKASH CHANDRA DEB.
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solids
6 Total Diossolved
solids
mg/1 1500 50.7 39.4 53.2 11.2 48.9 76.5 37.0
7 Oil and Grease µg/1 0 0.456 0.645 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
8 Total residual
chlorine
mg/1 0.2 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
9 Total Kjeldal nitrogen
as N.
mg/1 0 0.753 0.592 1.624 0.248 0.714 0.460 0.488
10 Free ammonia as
NH3
mg/1 50 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
11 COD mg/1 0 4.0 4.3 4.45 4.1 11.4 3.4 2.6
12 BOD (3 days as 270
C)
mg/1 3 1.5 2.18 2.02 1.85 3.81 0 0
13 Arsenic as As mg/1 0.2 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
14 Mercury as Hg mg/1 0 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
15 Lead as Pb mg/1 0.1 0.009 0.012 0.008 BDL 0.019 BDL 0.010
16 Total as chromium as
Cr.
mg/1 2 BDL BDL BDL 0.012 0.024 0.015 0.015
17 Hexavalent
Chromium as Cr.
mg/1 0.05 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
18 Copper as Cu. mg/1 3 0.012 0.024 0.023 0.010 0.024 0.016 0.010
19 Cadium as Cd mg/1 0.01 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
20 Zinc as Zn. mg/1 15 0.027 0.034 0.026 0.016 0.045 0.022 0.022
21 Selenium as Se. mg/1 0.05 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
22 Nickel as Ni. mg/1 0 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
23 Boron as B. mg/1 2 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
24 Cyanides as CN. mg/1 0.05 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
25 Chlorides as Cl. mg/1 600 9.94 6.95 11.43 6.96 9.94 9.94 7.95
26 Nitrates as NO3 mg/1 50 0.048 0.507 1.296 0.094 0.338 0.319 0.395
27 Flourides as F. mg/1 1.5 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PROPOSED IRON & MANGANESE ORE MINES OF M/S. SRI BIKASH CHANDRA DEB.
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28 Dissolved phosphates
as PO4
mg/1 5 0.103 0.231 0.109 0.135 0.231 0.077 0.051
29 Sulphate as SO4 mg/1 400 3.9 5.6 4.2 0.79 3.8 0.57 2.3
30 Iron as Fe. mg/1 5 0.18 0.42 0.35 0.43 1.63 0.89 0.73
31 Silicate as SiO2 mg/1 0 6.5 10.4 7.9 6.3 7.7 8.0 8.2
32 Phenolic compounds mg/1 0.005 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
33 Residual pesticides mg/1 Absent BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
34 Sodium mg/1 60(Max) 0.18 0.89 0.62 1.6 0.6 2.3 1.1
35 Calcium as Ca. mg/1 75 4.2 3.5 2.1 0.8 2.4 6.4 2.3
36 Magnesium as Mg. mg/1 30 8.6 3.21 8.64 2.40 8.64 12.53 6.34
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PROPOSED IRON & MANGANESE ORE MINES OF M/S. SRI BIKASH CHANDRA DEB.
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SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITION OF THE AREA
Based on the sample survey of the study area comprising of 10 km radius, the
general socio-economic conditions of the local people can be summarized as
below.
There are 35 villages within the study area comprising of 6935 house hold.
Majority of the population are industrial workers dependant on the local
mines.
S.T. population of 64.83 %, which dominates the local population.
Level of literacy is very low, which corresponds to their level of poverty.
Employment in agricultural sector is seasonal and people look forward for
miscellaneous jobs for their survival in the lean months.
Mining could provide an important employment opportunity to the workers.
Majority of the workers is addicted to country liquor that degenerate their
working abilities.
All the villages have dug wells and Hand pumps for drinking water.
All most all villages are provided with electricity, 9 villages have bus stand
which are 5 to 10 km away from rest of the villages. All of the villages are
connected with kuchha and pucca roads.
ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
The dust generated from mining activities is the primary source of air pollution.
The emission sources include excavation and mining of ore bodies, drilling,
blasting, screening/sizing and transportation within the project area. During air
quality monitoring it is observed that dust generation is of short term and settle
quickly within close ranges. There is very less scope of spreading of dust
particles to the nearby residential areas as these operations are carried out at far
off distances from the habitation areas. The impact of mining on the study area is
assessed using ISCST –Area & Line Source modeling and the resultant
concentrations so derived are as below.
Location
ID
Locations PM10 in µg/m3 (Norm: 10 µg/m
3)
Background Incremental Resultant
AQ1 Mining Lease
Area
75.80 5.666 81.466
AQ2 Near the Mining
Site
71.44 0.442 71.882
AQ3 Sankarpur 66.74 0.585 67.325
AQ4 Rugudi 74.20 0.007 74.207
AQ5 Joda 74.30 0.307 74.607
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PROPOSED IRON & MANGANESE ORE MINES OF M/S. SRI BIKASH CHANDRA DEB.
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AQ6 Dadua 76.71 3.252 79.962
AQ7 Chamakpur 7573 1.480 7574.48
AQ8 Godindapur 75.76 1.212 76.972
Mining activities and related operations can cause several beneficial and adverse
imp0acts on the environment. The adverse impacts are proposed to mitigate.
Using „matrix method‟ the impact on the environment has assessed.
The expected beneficial impacts on the society are Health, Population/Migration,
Employment, Literacy, Services and Aesthetic sense, The mining operation will
generate direct employment for 349 no. of people.
Communication, education, medical, power and employment facilities will be
improved.
Various mining operations will generate dust and gaseous pollutants. In a view to
the scale of mining and existing environmental back ground condition it is
anticipated that increment impact due to the mining operation will be within the
prescribed limit. Further mitigation measures like water sprinkling and plantation
will reduce the pollution level in the area.
Contamination/siltation of surface water might occur due to mixing of runoff
during rainy season with high-suspended particles, likely to be caused due to
wash out of overburden. As it is proposed to construct settling tank and garland
drain around the mining area the level of concentration of suspended particles in
the surface water shall be well within the prescribed limit.
The contamination of surface water may cause diseases in the area. Treatment of
water will be done. Medical treatment will be provided as per the requirement.
The impact on ground water will be marginal since proposed mining activities
will be much above the ground water table.
Due to the opencast mining project, the noise level of the area due to drilling,
blasting transportation and running of heavy machineries will increase.
Controlled blasting, proper maintenance of machineries and soundproof cabins,
noise level can be minimized.
The loss of vegetation due to mining activity and degradation of forest land will
be compensated by the Compensatory Afforestation to be implemented as per the
Forest Act. Further, due stabilization of dumps with rehabilitation will increase
the area of plantation in order to bring an ecological balance.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PROPOSED IRON & MANGANESE ORE MINES OF M/S. SRI BIKASH CHANDRA DEB.
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Post-operational Land Use
Sl.
No.
Pattern of Utilisation Existing
(Area in
ha.)
Scenario during
Conceptual Period
(Area in ha.)
1 Mining 28.078 39.657
2 Dumping of overburden 24.54 38.442
3 Mineral Storage 2.881 2.881
4 Top soil storage 0 0
5 Stacking yard for
Subgrade separation
2.550 2.550
6 Construction of building
power station work shop
19.980 21.472
7 Infrastructure (Restshed,
office, first-aid centre)
0.500 0.500
8 Construction of Road 0.441 0.769
9 Magazine 0.028 0.028
10 afforestation 1.325 1.325
Grand Total 80.323 107.624
There will be less chance of improvement in agriculture in the degraded land.
However, there will be generation of employment and revenue for the local
people from various ancillary mining activities including direct employment.
ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PROGRAMME
An environmental monitoring cell will be formed for regular environmental
assessment on air, water, noise and soil qualities at nearby habitational area. Four
permanent Air quality stations will be fixed as per the SPCB guidance to monitor
the AAQ in quarterly basis. Quarterly water samples of ground water and surface
water shall be collected and analysed. Noise level monitoring at Noise generating
points and AAQ locations shall be done in quarterly basis.
ADDITIONAL STUDIES
Additional studies like soil erosion and nutrient quality at river bed soil will be
taken up.
PUBLIC HEARING
As per the statutory provisions, the Public Hearing Meeting was held successfully
on 10.4.2012 at 11:00 AM at Dadwan village of Keonjhar District, Odisha in
respect of Environmental Assessment of Inganijharan Iron & Mn Mines of Sri.
B.C Deb for production of 0.6 mtpa of Iron ore and 0.075 MTPA Manganese ore
over an area of 114.93 ha.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PROPOSED IRON & MANGANESE ORE MINES OF M/S. SRI BIKASH CHANDRA DEB.
Pag
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PROJECT BENEFITS
All the industries using iron and manganese as raw material will be benefited and
add to the earning of revenue. The iron and manganese will be utilized in sponge
iron, steel, smelter depending on their grade. Derived from the existing
calculation, the net benefit at the end of the project at the present rate is Rs
328874.00 lakh. The ratio of Cost to benefit comes to be 1:1.33 or 1:1.3.
Therefore the project is very much feasible.
ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN
The mining activities will have certain adverse effects on the existing
environment like air, water land and noise. The following protection measures
will be adopted to minimize pollution.
Provision of planting emission, noise absorbing species (with dense/thick
type canopy), soil erosion control and nutrient enhancing species
To suppress fugitive dust, provision of water sprinkler, dust extractor etc at
the dust generation source
Adoption of control blasting techniques (suing advance non-electric
detonator)
Construction of garland drains around the quarry area and dumps with proper
gradients
The settling tank will have adequate dimension
Drain and channel on Overburden dump in to sedimentation pond before
discharging into natural drainage
Proper maintenance of plant and machinery
Providing sound proof cabins with proper ventilation
Provision of personal protective equipments according to the pollution
Dump yard stabilization through grading, compacting and suitable plantation
Stone pitched walls in garland drains will be prepared to arrest flow of loose
sediments
Provision of speed breaker (stone pitching) at regular intervals in garland
drains
Silvipastoral plantation will be made to control erosion on dump slopes
Phase wise reclamation through backfill shall be followed as per the Mine
Plan
No displacement is required for the proposed project. Hence R&R action plan is
not applicable for the project.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PROPOSED IRON & MANGANESE ORE MINES OF M/S. SRI BIKASH CHANDRA DEB.
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PLANTATION PROGRAM
Plantation over an area of 4.3hactareas have already been done with 8600 no of
saplings @ 2000 saplings per hectare. More plantations will be done gradually
over the mined out area after backfilling. At the end of the mine life 79.314ha of
area will be coved under plantation which is about 70% of the total area. Beside
reclamation, plantation in the safety zone area shall be carried out under the
plantation program as per the guidance and supervision of the State Forest
Department.
Stage-wise Cumulative Plantation
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND MANAGEMENT
STAGE-WISE CUMULATIVE PLANTATION
YEAR Un-worked
Area
Dump Area Top Soil
Dump
Total
Area
(Ha)
Trees Area
(Ha)
Trees Area
(Ha)
Trees Area
(Ha)
Trees
Existing 3.145 6290 13.406 26812 0 0 16.551 33102
1st 4.231 8462 10.256 20512 0 0 14.487 28974
2nd
3.256 6512 9.245 18490 0 0 12.501 25082
3rd
3.529 7040 8.742 17484 0 0 12.262 24524
4th
4.152 8304 8.213 16426 0 0 12.365 24730
5th
4.854 9708 6.254 12508 0 0 11.099 22216
Ultimate 23.158 46,316 56.116 112232 0 0 79.314 158628
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COST
The capital cost for Environmental Management excluding the statutory fees is as
follows:
1 Cost of Environmental control measures 1190.00
2 Cost towards peripheral development 57800.00
Other than the fixed cost, the annual cost of maintenance towards pollution
control measures and SCR is tabulated as below.
Activities Recurring cost (Lakhs Rs./y)
a. Pollution control 25.0
b. Pollution monitoring 5.0
c. Occupational safety 10.0
d. Green belt 10.0
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PROPOSED IRON & MANGANESE ORE MINES OF M/S. SRI BIKASH CHANDRA DEB.
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e. Socio-economic welfare
measures in nearby villages
20.0
Total 70.00
In addition to this, project proponent has deposited Rs.68.61lakhs at Sundergarh
Periphery Development Society, Sundergarh during the period of 2004-09 for
developmental activity in nearby areas of the mine and will also allocate fund as
per requirement in future too.
Further the cost of abandonment of the mine with due reclamation and
rehabilitation is Rs 1118.00 lacs (Rupees 11.18 Crores).
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TOR CMOPLIANCE
Sl.
No. Description of TOR TOR Compliance
1 A note on the history of the mine Complied in EIA Report. Chapter 2
2
Year-wise production details since 1994 onwards and
clearly stating the highest production achieved in any
one year prior to 1994. It may also be categorically
informed whether there had been any increase in
production after the EIA Notification, 1994 coming into
force w.r.t the highest production achieved prior to 1994.
Complied in EIA Report, Chapter 2,
Section 2.4.2
3
All documents including approved mine plan, EIA and
public hearing should be compatible with one another in
terms of the production levels, waste generation and its
management and mining technology.
Public hearing details are in
Annexure 1 and the outcomes are
incorporated in respective sections
of EIA Report.
4
The study area will comprise of 10 km zone around the
mine lease from lease periphery and the data contained
in the EIA such as waste generation etc. should be for
the life of the mine/lease period.
Complied in EIA Report Chapter 3
5
Land use of the study area delineating forest area,
agricultural land, grazing land, wildlife sanctuary and
national park, migratory routes of fauna, water bodies,
human settlements and other ecological features
Complied in EIA Report in Chapter
2 Section 2.6.1 and Chapter 3,
Section 3.9.
6
Land use plan of the mine lease area should be prepared
to encompass pre-operational, operational and post
operational phases.
Complied in Chapter 3, Section
3.9.2 of EIA Report.
7 Status of forestry clearance.
Proposal has been duly submitted to
the DFO, Keonjhar, vide State
Serial No. 301/109 dt. 20.01.2009.
8
Location of National parks, Sanctuaries, Biosphere
Reserves, Wildlife corridors, Tiger/Elephant reserves
(existing as well as proposed), if any, within 10 km of
the mine lease should be clearly indicated. A location
map duly authenticated by chief Wildlife Warden should
be provided in this regard. Necessary clearance, if any,
as may be applicable to such projects due to proximity of
the ecologically sensitive areas as mentioned above
should be obtained from the State Wildlife
Department/Chief Wildlife Warden under the Wildlife
(Protection) Act, 1972 and copy furnished.
There is no national part, centuary,
biosphere reserve or wild life
corridor with in 10 km radious of
the lease hold area. The necessary
certified map is enclosed in
Annexure 2.
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9
A detailed biological study for the study area [ core zone
and buffer zone.(10 km radious of the periphery of the
mine lease)] shall be carried out. Details of flora and
fauna, duly authenticated, separately for core and buffer
zone should be furnished based on field survey clearly
indicating the Schedule of the fauna present, In case of
any scheduled-I fauna found in the study area, the
necessary plan for their conservation should be prepared
In consultation with State Forest and Wildlife
Department and details furnished. Necessary allocation
of funds for implementing the same should be made as
part of the project cost.
Complied in Section 3.10 of
Chapter 3 in EIA Report.
10 Impact of change of land use particularly agriculture
land and gaucher/ grazing land, if any.
Complied in the Section 4.1 of the
EIA report. No agriculture land and
gaucher / grazing land is utilized for
mining purpose
11
R&R plan / compensation details for the project affected
people. While preparing the R&R plan, the National
Rehabilitation & Resettlement Policy should be kept in
view
No displacement is required hence
R and R Plan is not applicable
12
Collection of one season (non-monsoon) primary
baseline data on ambient air quality, water quality, noise
level, soli and flora and fauna. Site-specific
meteorological data should also be collected. The
location of the monitoring stations should be justified.
Date wise collected baseline AAQ data should form part
of EIA and EMP report.
The baseline data collection and
analysis is detailed in Chapter 3.
13
Air quality modeling should be carried out for prediction
of impact of the project on the air quality of the area. It
should also take into account the impact of movement of
vehicles for transportation of mineral. "The details of the
model used and input parameters used for modeling
should be provided. The air quality contours may be
shown on a location map clearly indicating the location
of the site, location of sensitive receptors, If any arid the
habitation. The wind roses showing predominant wind
direction may also be indicated on the map.
Air quality prediction and impact
analysis is detailed in Section 4.2 of
Chapter 4 along with modeling
outputs.
14
The water requirement for the project, its availability and
source to be furnished. A detailed water balance should
also be provided. Fresh water requirement for the project
should also be indicated.
Water quality usage and impact is
detailing in Section 4.4 of Chapter
4. Water permission is applied to
the DWC, Govt. of Odisha.
15
Necessary clearance from the Competent Authority for
drawl of requisite quantity of water for the project
should be provided.
As applicable the details are
distributed in Chapter 4 with
respective conservation measures.
16 Details of water conservation measures proposed to be
adopted in the project Complied in the Chapter No.4
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17
Impact of the project on the water quality both surface
and groundwater should be assessed and necessary
safeguard measures, if any required should be provided
Complied in the Section 4.4 of
Chapter No.4 of the EIA Report.
18
Based on actual monitored data, it may clearly be shown
whether working will intersect groundwater. Necessary
data and documentation in this regard may be provided.
In case the working will Intersect groundwater table, a
detailed hydro geological study should be undertaken
and report furnished.
Working of Mine will not intersect
the ground water table. As implied
by the ultimate quarry depth and
observed ground water table
conditions.
19
Details of first order stream, if any passing through lease
area and modification/ diversion proposed, if any and the
impact of the same on the hydrology should be brought
out
There is a first order stream flowing
in the south-west corner. However
appropriate drainage measures from
surfacial runoff is been practiced
along with intermittent settling
ponds before any discharged for the
water body.
20 Details of rainwater harvesting proposed, If any, in the
project to be provided.
Rain water harvesting proposal is
under process and shall come in to
effect after reopening of the mine.
21
Information on site elevation, working depth,
groundwater table should be provided both in AMSL
and bgl. A schematic diagram may also be provided for
the same.
The details are described in Chapter
2 along with a composite
development map in Fig.No.2.8
22
Quantity of solid waste generation to be estimated and
details for its disposal and management be provided.
Details of backfilling proposed, if any, should also be
given. It may be clearly indicated that out of the total
waste generation during the mine life, the quantity to be
backfilled and the quantity to be disposed off in the form
of external dump (number of dumps, their height,
terraces etc.).
The details are in Chapter 2, Section
2.4.2.
23
The reclamation plan, post mine land use/and
progressive greenbelt development plan shall be
prepared in tabular form (Prescribed format) and
submitted.
Complied in Section 2.6, Section
8.31 in Chapter 8 and 8.3.2 of
Chapter 8.
24
Impact on local transport infrastructure due to the
project, projected increase in truck traffic as a result of
the project in the present road network (including those
outside the project area) and whether it is capable of
handling the increased load. Arrangement for improving
the infrastructure, if contemplated including action to be
taken by other agencies such as State Government, if
any, should be covered.
Complied in Section 3.11 of
Chapter No.3 of the EIA Report.
25 Details of the infrastructure facilities to be provided for
the mine workers. Complied in Chapter 8.
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26
Conceptual post mine land use and Reclamation and
Rehabilitation of mined out area (with plans and with
adequate number of sections).
The details are incorporated in
Chapter 2, Chapter 3 and Chapter 8.
27
Phase-wise plan of greenbelt development, plantation
and compensatory afforestation clearly Indicating the
area to be covered under plantation and the species to be
planted. "The details of plantation already done should
be given.
Complied in Section 8.3 of Chapter
8.
28
Occupational health impact of the project Details of pre-
placement medical, examination and periodical medical
examination schedules should be incorporated in the
EMP.
Complied in Section 8.3.8 of
Chapter 8 of the EIA Report.
29
Measures of socio economic influence to the local
community proposed to be provided by project
proponent. As far as possible, quantitative dimension to
be given.
Complied in Section 8.6 and 8.7 of
Chapter 8 of the EIA Report
30
Detailed environmental management plan to mitigate the
environmental impacts which, should inter-alia also
include the impact due to change of land use, due to loss
of agricultural land and grazing land, if any, besides
other impacts of the projects.
The detail environment
management plan is incorporated in
Chapter 8.
31
Public hearing points raised and commitment of the
project proponent on the same along with time bound
action plan to Implement the same.
Yes to be done
32
Any litigation pending against the project and / or any
direction / order passed by any Court of Law against the
project, if so, details thereof.
No litigation is pending against the
project.
33
The cost of the project (capital cost and recurring cost)
as well as the cost towards implementation of EMP
should clearly be spelt out.
Detailed out in Chapter 7. The cost
of the project is Rs. 31.36 Cr.
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T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S
CHAPTER 1 .............................................................................................................................................. 7
INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................... 7
1.0 PRELUDE TO THE PROJECT ............................................................................................................... 7
1.1 SCOPE OF STUDY ......................................................................................................................... 8
CHAPTER 2 ............................................................................................................................................ 10
PROJECT PROFILE .................................................................................................................................. 10
2.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................. 10
2.1 LOCATION & ACCESSIBILITY ........................................................................................................... 10
2.1.1 LOCATION ............................................................................................................................. 10
2.1.2 ACCESSIBILITY ....................................................................................................................... 11 Fig. No. 2.1 Accessibility Map .................................................................................................................. 11 Fig No. 2.2: Drainage Map ....................................................................................................................... 12 Fig No-2.3: TOPO MAP ............................................................................................................................ 13 Fig. No. 2.4 Geology Map ........................................................................................................................ 14 Fig. No. 2.5 (A) Geomorphology Map ......................................................................................................... 15 Fig. No. 2.5 (B) Contour & DEM Map .......................................................................................................... 16 Fig. No. 2.6 Forest Map ........................................................................................................................... 17
2.2 PHYSIOGRAPHY AND DRAINAGE .................................................................................................... 17
2.2.1 PHYSIOGRAPHY .................................................................................................................... 17
2.2.2 DRAINAGE ............................................................................................................................ 18
2.3 GEOLOGY ....................................................................................................................................... 18
2.3.1 REGIONAL GEOLOGY ............................................................................................................ 18
2.3.2 LOCAL GEOLOGY .................................................................................................................. 19
2.4 RESERVES ....................................................................................................................................... 19
2.4.1 METHOD OF RESERVE ESTIMATION ..................................................................................... 19 Table No. 2.1: Area wise Reserve................................................................................................................ 21
2.4.2 RESERVE CALCULATION ........................................................................................................ 22 Table No. 2.2: Iron ore Reserve Estimate ................................................................................................... 22 Table No. 2.3: Manganese ore Reserve Estimate ....................................................................................... 22 Table No. 2.4: Total Iron ore ...................................................................................................................... 23 Table No. 2.5: Total Manganese ore ........................................................................................................... 23 Table No. 2.6: Calculation of Iron Ore Recovery Percentage as per Submitted annual returns ................. 24 Table No. 2.7: Calculation of Mn Ore Recovery Percentage as per submitted annual returns................... 24 Table No. 2.8: Grade Wise Iron ore ............................................................................................................ 25 Table No. 2.9: Grade Wise Manganese ore ............................................................................................... 25
2.5 MINING .......................................................................................................................................... 26 Table No. 2.10: Query Statistics .................................................................................................................. 26 Table No. 2.11: Dump Statistics .................................................................................................................. 27
2.5.1 DEVELOPMENT FOR IRON AND MANGANESE QUARRY ....................................................... 28 Table No.2.12: Year wise Iron Ore Mine ..................................................................................................... 28 Table No.2.13: Year wise Manganese ore ................................................................................................... 28 Table 2.14: YEAR-WISE PRODUCTION OF MANGANESE .......................................................................... 29 Table 2.15: YEAR-WISE PRODUCTION OF IRON ...................................................................................... 29
2.6 CONCEPTUAL MINING PLAN .......................................................................................................... 29
2.6.1 LAND-USE PATTERN ............................................................................................................. 31 Table 2.16: PRE OPERATIONAL LAND-USE .............................................................................................. 31 Table 2.17: EXISTING LAND-USE PATTERN .............................................................................................. 32 Table No.2.18: Conceptual Land Use Statistics ........................................................................................... 32 Table No.2.19: Conceptual Land Use Distribution ...................................................................................... 33 Fig No: 2-7: Existing Land-Use Plan .......................................................................................................... 34
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Fig. No-2.8: Composite Development Plan .............................................................................................. 35 Fig. No-2.9: Conceptual Plan .................................................................................................................... 36
2.6.2 CAPACITY OF WASTE DUMP ................................................................................................. 37 Table No. 2.20: Details regarding each dump are given below. ................................................................. 37 Table No. 2.21: IRON EXISTING DUMPS ...................................................................................................... 38 Table No. 2.22: MANGANESE EXISTING DUMPS ......................................................................................... 38 Table No. 2.23: Waste to be generated from Iron pit ................................................................................. 38 Table No. 2.24: Waste to be generated from manganese pit ..................................................................... 38
2.6.3 HAULAGE DESIGN ................................................................................................................. 38
2.6.4 DRAIN DESIGN ...................................................................................................................... 39
2.7 MINERAL BENEFECATION .............................................................................................................. 39
2.8 EXTENT OF MECHANIZATION ................................................................................................................. 39
2.8.1 DRILLING .............................................................................................................................. 39 Table No. 2.25: Specifications of crawlier drills .......................................................................................... 39
2.8.2 EXCAVATION AND LOADING ................................................................................................ 40 Table No. 2.26: Excavation Details .............................................................................................................. 40
2.8.3 TRANSPORTATION ................................................................................................................ 41
2.8.4 DETAILS OF MACHINARIES TO BE USED ............................................................................... 42 Table 2.27: Machinary Details ................................................................................................................. 42
2.9 LAND DEGRADATION & RECLAMATION ......................................................................................... 42 Table No. 2.28: Land Utilisation Pattern ..................................................................................................... 42
2.10 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL ........................................................................................................ 43 Table No. 2.29: Human Resource ............................................................................................................... 43
2.11 BUDGETARY ESTIMATION ......................................................................................................... 43
CHAPTER 3 ............................................................................................................................................ 44
DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONEMNT .......................................................................................................... 44
3.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................. 44
3.1 METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................................................. 45
3.1.1 GENERATION OF BASELINE DATA......................................................................................... 45
3.1.2 ANALYSIS OF SAMPLES GENERATED ........................................................................................ 45
3.2 METEOROLOGY .............................................................................................................................. 47
3.2.1 RAINFALL DATA .................................................................................................................... 47 Table3.1: RAINFALL DATA OF DISTRICT KEONJHAR ................................................................................... 47
3.2.2 TEMPERATURE AND RELATIVE HUMIDITY ........................................................................... 47
3.2.3 WIND SPEED AND DIRECTION .............................................................................................. 48 Table - 3.2: Summary of Climatologically Data from March 2010 ........................................................... 48 to May 2010 .................................................................................................................................................... 48 FIGURE: 3 – 1: Site Specific Wind rose Diagram for Study Period March 2010 to May 2010 ..................... 49 FIGURE: 3 – 2: ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING LOCATIONS ........................................................................ 50 Fig.3.3 ENVIRONMENTAL GROUND WATER SAMPLING LOCATIONS ......................................................... 51 Fig. 3.4: ENVIRONMENTAL SURFACE WATER SAMPLING LOCATIONS .................................................... 52 FIGURE: 3 – 5: ENVIRONMENTAL DUSTFALL & NOISE ................................................................................... 53 SAMPLING LOCATIONS ................................................................................................................................... 53 FIGURE: 3 – 6: ENVIRONMENTAL DUSTFALL & NOISE SAMPLING LOCATIONS ........................................... 54
3.3 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY ................................................................................................................... 55 TABLE: 3-3: AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS ................................................................. 55 Table - 3.4: AMBIENT AIR MONITORING RESULTS .................................................................................. 55 (Season: Summer, March 2010-May 2010) .................................................................................................... 55 Table - 3.5: AAQ Analysis for A2 .............................................................................................................. 56 Table - 3.6: AAQ Analysis for A3 .............................................................................................................. 57 Table - 3.7: AAQ Analysis for A4 .............................................................................................................. 58 Table - 3.8: AAQ Analysis for A5 .............................................................................................................. 59
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Table - 3.9: AAQ Analysis for A6 .............................................................................................................. 60 Table - 3.10: AAQ Analysis for A7 ............................................................................................................. 61 Table - 3.11: AAQ Analysis for A8 .............................................................................................................. 62 Table - 3.12: AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS .................................................................................... 63 (Microgram/cum) ........................................................................................................................................... 63
3.4 DUST FALL ...................................................................................................................................... 63 Table - 3.13: DUST FALL RATE ................................................................................................................... 64
3.5 NOISE LEVEL ................................................................................................................................... 64 Table - 3.14: NOISE LEVEL MONITORING (DBA) ........................................................................................ 64 Table 3.15: STANDARDS WITH RESPECT TO AMBIENT NOISE LEVEL ....................................................... 65
3.6 WATER REGIME ......................................................................................................................... 66
3.6.1 EXISTING SURFACE WATER BODY ........................................................................................ 66
3.6.2 WATER LEVEL CONDITIONS .................................................................................................. 66
3.6.3 GROUND WATER RECHARGE FOR MINE LEASE AREA .......................................................... 66
3.6.4 WATER QUALITY ................................................................................................................... 66 Table – 3.16: GROUND WATER LEVEL MONITORING ................................................................................. 67 Table - 3.17: GROUND WATER ANALYSIS RESULT Season: Summer Season (March 2010 to May 2010) ....... 68 Standard: IS 10500 .......................................................................................................................................... 69 Table - 3.18: ANALYSIS OF SURFACE WATER SAMPLES Season: Summer Season (March 2010 to May
2010) 70 3.7 SOIL CHARACTERISTICS .................................................................................................................. 72
Table - 3.19: ANALYSIS RESULT OF SOIL SAMPLES .................................................................................... 72 Season: Post Monsoon (September 2010 to November 2010) ...................................................................... 72
3.8 LEACHABILITY STUDY OF OB & ORE................................................................................................ 73 Table - 3.20: CRITERIA FOR RISK ASSESSMENT CODE (PERIN ET AL., 1985) .............................................. 73 Table – 3.21: RESULT OF LEACHATE STUDY & ENVIRONMENT RISK .......................................................... 73
3.9 LAND-USE PATTERN ....................................................................................................................... 73
3.9.1 CORE ZONE ........................................................................................................................... 73 Table – 3.22: OPERATIONAL LAND-USE PATTERN...................................................................................... 74
3.9.2 BUFFER ZONE ....................................................................................................................... 74 Table - 3.23: LAND-USE PATTERN OF BUFFER ZONE ................................................................................ 74 Fig: 3- 7: Land Use map of study area ...................................................................................................... 75
3.10 BIODIVERSITY ............................................................................................................................ 76
3.10.1 WILDLIFE CONSERVATION PLAN .............................................................................................. 76
3.10.2 FOREST AREA ........................................................................................................................... 77 Fig: 3- 8: Forest map of study area ........................................................................................................... 77
3.10.3 FLORA .............................................................................................................................. 77 Table - 3.24: FLORA SPECIES (CORE ZONE) ............................................................................................... 78 Table - 3.25: FLORA SPECIES (BUFFER ZONE) ........................................................................................... 80
3.10.4 CROPS ............................................................................................................................. 81
3.10.5 RARE AND ENDANGERED FLORAL SPECIES .............................................................................. 81
3.10.6 FAUNA ..................................................................................................................................... 81 Table - 3.26 : FAUNA SPECIES (CORE ZONE) ............................................................................................... 81 Table - 3.27: FAUNA SPECIES (BUFFER ZONE) .......................................................................................... 82
3.11 STUDIES ON TRANSPORTATION AND TRAFFICKING .................................................................. 83 Table - 3.28: TRAFFICING REPORT ............................................................................................................ 83
3.12 SOCIO ECONOMIC PROFILE ............................................................................................................. 83
3.12.1 POPULATION STATISTICS (AREA AROUND 10 KM RADIUS OF CORE ZONE) ............................ 84 Table - 3.29: Buffer Area Statistics .................................................................................................................. 84 Table - 3.30: Buffer Area Worker Statistics ..................................................................................................... 84 Table - 3.3: Buffer Area Livelihood Analysis ............................................................................................ 85
3.12.2 SAMPLE SURVEY ...................................................................................................................... 85
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CHAPTER 4 ........................................................................................................................................ 86
ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION .................................................................... 86
4.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................. 86 Table 4.1: PROPOSED LAND-USE PATTERN ................................................................................................ 87
4.2 IMPACT ON AIR QUALITY ............................................................................................................... 87
4.2.1 INDUSTRIAL SOURCE COMPLEX SHORT –TERM (ISCST3) MODEL .............................................. 89 FIG: 4- 01: Isopleths of PM10 for the Proposed Project .......................................................................... 95 TABLE NO. 4.1: RESULTANT CONCENTRATION AFTER IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROJECT .......................... 95
4.3 IMPACT ON NOISE QUALITY ........................................................................................................... 96 Table No. 4.2: HEALTH HAZARDS BY DIFFERENT NOISE LEVELS .................................................................. 96
4.4 IMPACT ON WATER QUALITY ......................................................................................................... 97
4.5 IMPACT ON TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE .................................................................................. 99
4.6 IMPACT ON ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS .......................................................................................... 99
4.7 IMPACT ON HEALTH OF THE LOCAL POPULATION ......................................................................... 99
4.8 IMPACT ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ................................................................................ 99
4.8.1 EMPLOYMENT ...................................................................................................................... 99
4.8.2 EDUCATION ........................................................................................................................ 100
4.8.3 COMMUNICATION ............................................................................................................. 100
4.9 SCOOPING PROCESS .................................................................................................................... 100
4.10 MITIGATION MEASURES :........................................................................................................ 101
CHAPTER 5 .......................................................................................................................................... 102
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM ....................................................................................... 102
5.0 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................... 102 Table 5.1: IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE ................................................................................................. 102
5.1 ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PROGRAMME .............................................................................. 103 Table 5.2: PROPOSED MONITORING SCHEDULE ...................................................................................... 103
5.2 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT CELL .......................................................................................... 103
5.3 MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ......................................................... 104
5.4 ORGANISATIONAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE SET-UP ....................................................................... 104
5.5 MONITORING EQUIPMENT AND CONSUMABLES ........................................................................ 105
5.5.1 AIR QUALITY AND METEOROLOGY ..................................................................................... 105
5.5.2 WATER AND WASTE WATER QUALITY ............................................................................... 105
5.5.3 NOISE LEVELS ..................................................................................................................... 106
5.5.4 SOIL CHARACTERISTICS ...................................................................................................... 106
5.6 BUDGETARY COST ESTIMATES ....................................................................................................... 106
CHAPTER 6 ...................................................................................................................................... 107
ADDITIONAL STUDIES .......................................................................................................................... 107
6.0 NTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................ 107
6.1 PUBLIC CONSULTATION ............................................................................................................... 107
6.2 COMPLIANCE TOWARDS GENERAL CONDITION .......................................................................... 107
6.3 EMPLOYEE WELFARE ACTIVITIES ............................................................................................. 108
6.4 CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) ................................................................................. 109 Table 6.1: COST BREAK-UP FOR CSR ACTIVITIES ....................................................................................... 111 All figure are in Rs. In lakhs ........................................................................................................................... 111
6.5 MINING IN ADJOINING LEASES AND THEIR IMPACTS ................................................................... 112 Table 6.2: LIST OF ADJOING LEASES WITHIN 5KM RADIUS....................................................................... 112
6.6 RISK ASSESSMENT ........................................................................................................................ 113 TABLE – 6.3: RISK ASSESSMENT ............................................................................................................. 114
6.7 RISK MANAGEMENT .................................................................................................................... 116
6.8 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN ..................................................................................................... 117
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6.8.1 OPEN CAST BENCH SLOPE FAILURE ....................................................................................... 117
6.8.2 ACCIDENTS DUE TO FALL OF SIDES ........................................................................................ 117
6.8.3 ACCIDENTS DUE TO MACHINERY ............................................................................................ 117
6.8.4 OTHER THAN TRANSPORTATION MACHINERY ..................................................................... 117
6.8.5 ACCIDENTS DUE TO USE OF EXPLOSIVES ............................................................................ 118
6.9 SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ...................................................................................................... 118
6.10 R&R ACTION PLANS ................................................................................................................. 118
CHAPTER 7 .......................................................................................................................................... 119
PROJECT BENEFITS............................................................................................................................... 119
7.0 COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS ...................................................................................................... 119
7.1 CAPITAL INVESTMENT ......................................................................................................... 119 Table 7.1: Costing of Machineries ............................................................................................................ 119 Table 7.2: Capital Implementation Cost .................................................................................................. 120
7.2 COST OF ABANDONMENT ............................................................................................................ 120
7.2.1 RECLAMATION AND REHABILITATION WORK .................................................................... 120 Table No. 7.3: Waste Handling and Management Cost ............................................................................ 120
7.3 RECURRING INVESTMENT ............................................................................................................ 121
7.3.1 STATUTORY DUES ............................................................................................................... 122 Table No.7.4: COST TOWARDS ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL .......................................................... 122
7.3.2 COST TOWARDS PERIPHERAL DEVELOPMENT ................................................................... 122
7.3.3 COST OF PRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 122
7.4 BENEFIT ................................................................................................................................... 122
7.5 FINANCIAL APPRAISAL............................................................................................................. 123 Table No.7.5: .............................................................................................................................................. 123
CHAPTER 8 ...................................................................................................................................... 124
ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN ................................................................................................. 124
8.0 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................... 124
8.1 OBJECTIVE OF THE EMP ............................................................................................................... 124
8.2 BASIS OF EMP ............................................................................................................................... 124
8.3 MITIGATION MEASURES .............................................................................................................. 124
8.3.1 RESTORATION OF DEGRADED LAND ........................................................................................ 125 Table No.8.1: Degraded Land ................................................................................................................... 125 Table No.8.2: Out Side Degraded Land ..................................................................................................... 125
8.3.2 PROGRAMME OF PLANTATION .......................................................................................... 125 Table 8.3: STAGE-WISE WASTE GENERATION AND RECLAMATION ......................................................... 126 Table 8.4: STAGE WISE LAND USE AND RECLAMATION ........................................................................... 126 Table 8.5: ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND MANAGEMENT ..................................................................... 127 STAGE-WISE CUMULATIVE PLANTATION ...................................................................................................... 127 Table 8.6: PURPOSE WISE PLANT SPECIES REQUIRED FOR AFFORESTATION ........................................... 128
8.3.3 MEASURES FOR CONTROLLING WATER POLLUTION ............................................................... 128
8.3.4 MEASURES FOR CONTROLLING AIR POLLUTION ..................................................................... 129
8.3.5 MEASURES FOR CONTROLLING NOISE POLLUTION ............................................................ 130
8.3.6 SOCIO-ECONOMIC MEASURES ........................................................................................... 130
8.3.7 SAFETY MEASURES DURING BLASTING .............................................................................. 131
8.3.8 SAFETY & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH .................................................................................... 131
8.4 PLANS TO MAINTAIN BETTER ENVIRONMENT IN THE AREA .................................................... 132
8.5 IMPLEMENTATION AND MONITORING ........................................................................................ 133 Fig. No. 8.2: .................................................................................................................................................. 134 ENVIRONMENTAL ACTIVITY AND MANAGEMENT ........................................................................................ 134 (ORGANISATIONAL CHART) .......................................................................................................................... 134
8.6 IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE ................................................................. 135
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8.7 IMPROVEMENTS IN THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC ................................................................................ 136
8.7.1 INFRASTRUCTURE ................................................................................................................... 136
8.7.2 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL ................................................................................................. 137
8.7.3 EDUCATION ........................................................................................................................ 137
8.7.4 ECONOMIC CONDITION...................................................................................................... 137
8.8 OTHER TANGIBLE BENEFITS ......................................................................................................... 138
8.9 CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................................... 138
CHAPTER 9 ...................................................................................................................................... 139
SUMMARY & CONCLUSION ......................................................................................................... 139
CHAPTER 10......................................................................................................................................... 142
DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT ............................................................................................................. 142
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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.0 PRELUDE TO THE PROJECT
Mining is one of the core sector industries, which plays a significant role in the
process of country‟s economic development with some unavoidable
environmental impacts. While sustainable development is the key issue, the
mining operation has to achieve more positive results with minimum degradation
of the environment.
Mining operational plan including details of method of mining, environmental
report and reclamation plan etc which are few requisites from investor for
efficient & sustainable mining operation. It is necessary that lessee has to prepare
a formal environmental impact assessment (EIA) and an environmental
management plan (EMP) report for approval before commencement of mining
activities. The reclamation plan for EIA/ EMP provides the basis for Governments
decision to permit environmental acceptability.
In order to make effective sustainable mining programme, it is advisable to
conduct a baseline survey of the existing environmental attributes to evaluate
likely environmental impacts due to proposed activities. This study has been
conducted in order to predict the proposed impacts and to prepare a scientific
Environment Management Plan. Irrespective of magnitude of operation, attempts
have been made to maintain ecological balance of the study area.
As per EIA Notification 2006, published on 14th September 2006, all projects or
activities, including expansion and modernization of existing projects or activities
or change in Product Mix, falling under Category „B‟ in the Schedule shall require
prior Environmental Clearance from State Environment Impact Assessment
Authority(SEAIA), Ministry of Environment & Forests, Govt. of India.
In order to renewal the production of 0.6MTPA of iron and 0.075MTPA of
manganese for INGANI JHARAN MINES (Iron & Manganese Ore), Sri Bikas
Chandra Deb, the Lessee, has to obtain Environmental Clearances as per EIA
Notification 2006.
The scheme of mining of Inganijharan Iron and Manganese Mines of Sri B.C.
Deb was approved Vide Let. No. BBS/KJ/Fe & Mn/MS-168 dt.21.12.2006 by
IBM for a period of 5 years from 2004-05 to 2008-09. Further under Rule 23- B
of MCDR-1988 the revised scheme of mining with progressive mine closure plan
was approved vide letter no. MP/OTFM/18-ORI/BHU/2014-15 dated 06-04-2015
for the period of 20-11-2013-14 to 2017-18.
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Due to legal problems, mining operations was discontinued up-to 14.01.06. upon
receipt of permission from the State Government, the lessee reopened operation
on 15.01.06 (last quarter of the FY 2005-06). So practically, commenced Mining
operation after 21.12.2005.
The SPCB, Orissa was requested for permission of installation of a crushing and
screening plant for up gradation of ore in the mines. The SPCB has given
permission vide Let. No. 20183 SPCB / BBSR-1-IND (CON)-4581 dated 21-08-
2006, which is attached to the plan.
Status of forest de-reservation proposal:- Proposal has been dully submitted. This
has been forwarded to the DFO, Keonjhar vide state Serial No. 301/109 dated
20.01.2009 for compliance of report.
Environmental Clearance has been moved and MOEF has issued TOR for
preparation of EIA Report vide Letter No.J-11015/246/2008 date 22.12.10.
Baseline data for one summer season i.e. from March 2010 to May 2010 has been
generated covering the lease area (core zone) and buffer zone (10 Kms around the
core zone). The EIA report is prepared as per the TOR and in accordance with
Public hearing compliances.
1.1 SCOPE OF STUDY
Collection, generation and compilation of required baseline environmental
data/information covering both core and buffer zone.
Analysis of all relevant parameters to evaluate the existing air, water and
soil quality, land use pattern and meteorological conditions.
Study of prevalent ecological habitats, flora and fauna and socio-economic
and demographic profile of the region.
Study of the proposed project activities
Study of the impact assessment of the proposed mining and allied activities
likely to affect the various environmental attributes.
Study of alternatives for the project.
Additional studies regarding public consultation, risk assessment and
disaster management to be followed
Formulation of a suitable Environmental Management Plan indicating the
mitigation measures to be implemented for improving and maintaining the
ecological balance of the project area even during and after commencement
of mining and allied activities.
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The report includes
Introduction and background
Project Profile
Present environmental Status
Anticipated Environmental Impact & Mitigation Measures
Environmental monitoring programme
Additional Studies
Project Benefits
Environmental Management Plan
Summary and Conclusion
Disclosure of consultants
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CHAPTER 2
PROJECT PROFILE
2.0 INTRODUCTION
The scheme of mining of Inganijharan Iron and Manganese Mines of Sri B.C.
Deb was approved Vide Let. No. BBS/KJ/Fe & Mn/MS-168 dt.21.12.2006 by
IBM for a period of 5 years from 2004-05 to 2008-09.
Due to legal problems, mining operations was discontinued up-to 14.01.06. upon
receipt of permission from the State Government, the lessee reopened operation
on 15.01.06 (last quarter of the FY 2005-06). So practically, commenced Mining
operation after 21.12.2005.
The SPCB, Orissa was requested for permission of installation of a crushing and
screening plant for up gradation of ore in the mines. The SPCB has given
permission vide let. No. 20183 SPCB / BBSR-1-IND (CON)-4581 dated 21-08-
2006, which is attached to the plan.
Forest de-reservation proposal has been duly submitted. This has been forwarded
to the DFO, Keonjhar vide state Serial No. 301/109 dated 20.01.2009 for
compliance of report.
Environmental Clearance has been moved and MOEF has issued TOR for
preparation of EIA Report vide Letter No.J-11015/246/2008 date 22.12.10.
Further under Rule 23- B of MCDR-1988 the revised scheme of mining with
progressive mine closure plan was approved vide letter no. MP/OTFM/18-
ORI/BHU/2014-15 dated 06-04-2015 for the period of 20-11-2013-14 to 2017-18.
2.1 LOCATION & ACCESSIBILITY
2.1.1 LOCATION
The lease area of Ingani Jharan Iron and Manganese mine over 114.930 hectare is
located in Survey of India Toposheet No. 73F/8. The lease area is bounded by the
latitude 22000‟45‟‟ N and Longitude 85
027‟30‟‟E.The mine falls in the village
Dadwan in Keonjhar district, Orissa.
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2.1.2 ACCESSIBILITY
The lease area is approachable from Joda (Town as well as Railway station) at
distance of 5 kms towards West from the site. Nearest Highway is NH-215
distance of 5kms towards west from the site. Nearest air port is at Bhubaneswar
and Port at Paradeep.
Fig. No. 2.1 Accessibility Map
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Fig No. 2.2: Drainage Map
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Fig No-2.3: TOPO MAP
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Fig. No. 2.4 Geology Map
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Fig. No. 2.5 (A) Geomorphology Map
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Fig. No. 2.5 (B) Contour & DEM Map
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Fig. No. 2.6 Forest Map
2.2 PHYSIOGRAPHY AND DRAINAGE
2.2.1 PHYSIOGRAPHY
Inganijharan applied (Renewal) M.L Area (Latitude: 22000‟45‟‟ N and Longitude
85027‟30‟‟E) of Late M.S. Deb is located at a distance of about 5km NE of Joda
township and falls on the survey of India Toposheet No. 73 F/8.
The area is surrounded by Baitarani Reserved Forest in the North, North-West,
South and South-West directions and Baitarani River in the East. The highest
peak of the locality is Baspani pahar (RL 686) situated in the N-W direction. (Ref.
Key Plan- Plate No.1). Other Hill Peak is Churia Pahar ( RL 600).
Banspani Railway siding is located at a distance of about 5 km in the S-W
direction from the area.
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2.2.2 DRAINAGE
River Baitarani flowing close to the eastern side of the applied mining lease area
constitutes the principal drainage system of the locality. One small seasonal nalla
flowing centrally in the area from west to east collects the surface run-off water
and discharges to Baitarani River.
The drainage pattern of the region is diagnosed as a coarse “trell” pattern of
drainage following the local topography as shown in Fig no. 2.2.
2.3 GEOLOGY
2.3.1 REGIONAL GEOLOGY
The iron ore deposit in the area forms a part of the South - Eastern portion of the
Singhbhum - Keojhar - Bonai belt, also known as the Jamda - Koira valley and is
represent by a narrow N- Easterly plunging folded synclinorium of 60 km. long
and 25 km. width. The precambrian horse - shoe shaped belt is well known for its
large reserves of iron and manganese ore. The general strike is north east to North,
dips are moderate to West. The Western limb of the synclinorium is slightly
overturned, at some places.
The belt was first reported by Jones in 1934 and has been studied in detail by
several eminent geo-scientists since then. The major litho types are:
metamorphosed sandstone, lithic wacke to arkose and/or volcanic tuffs and /or
shale. In the lithic wacke, mostly in the east, BIF and iron ore fragments are
common. Shaie, lavas, volcanics, pyroclastic tuffs, Banded Iron Formations
(BIF) including Banded Haematite Jasper(BPJ), Banded Haematite Chert (BHC),
Banded Haematite Quartizite (BHQ) and the group of Rocks are exposed.
The regional stratigraphic succession of the rock types is as given below:
The precambrian rocks of this region comprising of basic lava, tuffs, banded iron
formation (BIF), shales, conglomerates and sandstones etc. were mapped for the
first time by Jones (1934). The stratigraphic succession established by Jones has
largely been modified later by Dunn (1940). Based on detailed mapping in the
northern parts of the belt, Dunn recognised a new group lying unconformably
over the Iron Ore Group which he named as the "Kolhan Group". The rock types of
the area belonging to the Kolhan Group lies to the north of Noamundi in Bihar.
The most acceptable litho - stratigraphic succession for the belt was proposed by
Murthy and Acharya (1975). They identified different depositional facies and
proposed a more detailed stratigraphic succession. They also proposed a new
name the "Koira Group" to the rocks of Bonai - Keonjhar belt. The stratigraphy
suggested by Murthy and Acharya (1975) is as follows.
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2.3.2 LOCAL GEOLOGY
Rocks of the manganiferous mixed facies formation occupy a major part of the
Bonai - Keonjhar Belt. This formation being younger to the Banded Iron Formation
( BIF ) occupies the inner slopes of the residual hill ranges constituted originally of
the resistant jaspillites. The manganese deposits of Inganijliaran Iron &
Managancsc Mines are located on (the outer slopes of the eastern limbs of the
synclinorium. Hills and domes in the locality are composed of Banded Iron
Formation,
Banded Iron Formation (BIF) contains iron ore and the shale horizons contain
manganese. The boundaries of these lithounits are mostly covered with soil
or laterite. The litho contacts are observed to be gradational rather than sharp.
The litho contacts delineated on the Geological Plan [\Plate No. 4) are,
therefore, inferred.
It is observed that the manganese ore deposits occurring as lenses, pockets
and veins are confined to variagated shale horizon. The iron ore deposits are
float iron ore & occupied mainly on the hill slope of Southern and Nothern
part of the lease. '
The manganiferous shale with brecciated and pisolitic lateritcs and cherts
occupy the central part of the area. Manganese occur as small pockets /
patches within the shale zone. Laterite / soil cover "observed normally in the
area varies in thickness from 2 to 3 m above the shale formations of the area.
The mode of manganese mineralisation can be considered to be similar to
those encountered in lateritoid deposits. The irregularity of shapes and sizes
can be attributed to local tectonic activities like secondary folding, faulting
and weathering.
2.4 RESERVES
Ore reserves have been calculated by cross sectional area method for proved,
probable & possible category.
2.4.1 METHOD OF RESERVE ESTIMATION
There are four existing pits of iron ore namely iron pit-1, iron pit-2, iron pit-3 and
iron pit-4 and seven manganese pits namely pit-1 to pit-7 present in the lease
area. These pits have been worked up to different mRLs. Reserve of iron and
manganese within the ML area has been calculated based on available existing
quarry information. An interpreted ore boundary as per UNFC has been plotted
around the existing quarry taking influence of 150 meter for iron ore from the
existing quarries i.e. 50m as proved zone, another 50m as probable zone around
the proved zone and 50m again as possible zone around the probable zone as the
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float iron ore extends laterally. But for manganese, the proved ore boundary has
been marked at a lateral distance of 25 meter from the existing quarries. No
further lateral extension has been assumed due to deceptive behavior of
manganese ore. The reserves within the ore bearing zone have been estimated by
cross sectional area method.
Depth-wise continuity:
As observed in the field, float iron ore is exhausted in the existing iron quarries as
bottom shale is exposed. Therefore no depth-wise extension has been taken in to
consideration for iron ore. The depth of the quarry has been extrapolated laterally
to calculate the reserve of ore.
However, for manganese ore depth-wise 4m has been considered as probable
zone below the proved zone and another 2m below the probable zone has been
considered as possible zone for calculation of reserve.
Categorization of Reserve:
Iron ore:
Proved (G1)- In the ensuing plan period only existing quarry features have been
taken in to consideration as there was no authenticated data of existing boreholes
available with the lessee. Iron pits namely Pit-1 ,2, 3 & 4 have been worked up to
519 mR.L, 480 mRL, 478 mRL and 495 mRL respectively. After plotting the ore
boundaries and altitude of iron ore occurrences on the geological cross sections,
the depth-wise ore limit has been taken till the end of occurrence of ore in the
corresponding existing quarries and 50 meter lateral influence from the pit
boundary. The depth-wise ore limit and 50 meter lateral influence from the pit
boundary has been considered as proved zone.
Probable (G2)-Similarly there is every chance of potential of ore beyond the
proved zone. So, 50 meter around the proved zone has been categorized as
probable zone.
Possible (G3) - Similarly 50 meter beyond the probable zone has been
considered as possible zone.
Manganese ore:
Proved (G1)-No bore hole has been drilled in the manganese zone. The bottom
of the manganese pit has been assumed as the proved ore limit. All the ore up to
the bottom of pit and 25 meter laterally from the pit end has been categorized
under G1.
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Probable (G2)- 4 m below the proved ore zone in the manganese patch has been
assumed as probable ore zone.
Possible (G3)- Similarly possible ore zone in the manganese pit has been
assumed as 2 m below the probable ore zone.
The proved, probable and possible lines have been marked on the geological plan
and geological sections. (Plate: III, III A)
The area and category wise reserve has already been delineated as follows.
Table No. 2.1: Area wise Reserve
Name of the Mineral: Iron & Manganese ore
Sl. No. Name of the
Lease &
Owner
Total
Lease
area (in
Ha.)
Lease area explored as per UNFC norms (in
Ha.)
Remarks/Comments
including reasons
for not carrying out
the exploration as
per UNFC Norms.
C=D+E+F+G
G1
Level
G2
Level
G3
Level
Other Lease
area/unexplored
area
A B C D E F G H
Iron Inganijharan
Iron & Mn.
Ore Mine
Sri Bikash
Chandra Deb
114.930
13.147 1.995 1.458 77.482 Mine is temporarily
closed since 2009.
Exploration as
proposed in this plan
will be completed
after re-opening of
the mine
Manganese 20.848 --- ---
Total 33.995 1.995 1.458
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2.4.2 RESERVE CALCULATION
A total of twenty one geological cross-sections have been prepared to depict the
proved, probable and possible thickness of ore zone.
It has been found that the iron and manganese horizons in the area occur
intercalated with shale and the past mining activities and recent analysis suggest
that recovery of iron and manganese with respect to total volume of the ore zone
is around 78% and 30% respectively. Further tonnage conversation factors of 3.5
MT/m3 & 2.8 MT/m
3 have been multiplied to the volume of ore to estimate the
tonnage of geological reserve of iron ore and manganese ore respectively.
The formula adopted to calculate the geological reserves is as follows.
Q=C X L X RF X T
Where Q=Quantity of geological reserve in MT
C= Cross sectional area (sq m)
L= Length of influence (m)
RF= Recovery factor (0.3 for Mn and 0.78 for iron)
T= Tonnage conversation factor (3.5 MT/m3 for iron & 2.8 MT/m
3 for
manganese)
The computed geological reserve in reserve table may be summarized as follows
Table No. 2.2: Iron ore Reserve Estimate
Grade Proved (G1) MT Probable (G2) MT Possible (G3) MT Total (MT)
Saleable
(>58% Fe) 7,46,829 2,26,858 1,25,260
10,98,947
Sub-grade
(45-58%Fe) 82,982 25,206 13,918
1,22,106
Total 8,29,811 2,52,064 1,39,178 12,21,053
Table No. 2.3: Manganese ore Reserve Estimate
Grade Proved (G1) MT Probable (G2) MT Possible (G3) MT Total (MT)
Saleable
(>25% Mn) 6,94,986 5,09,364 2,51,746 14,56,096
Sub-grade
( 10-25 % Mn) 1,22,644 89,889 44,425 2,56,958
Total 8,17,630 5,99,253 2,96,171 17,13,054
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As already mentioned the iron and manganese within the deposit is found to be
mostly interbanded with shale. Therefore, while estimating the geological
reserves, a factor of 22 % and 70% has been assumed as IB for iron ore and
manganese ore respectively.
Mineable reserve
Mineable reserve has been calculated deducting the reserve that would be
blocked under the pit slope and within the safety zone. The mineable reserve
within the area thus is as follows.
Table No. 2.4: Total Iron ore
Grade Proved (G1) MT Probable (G2) MT Total (MT)
Saleable
(>58% Fe) 7,03,819 2,13,439 9,17,258
Sub-grade
(45-58%Fe) 78,203 23,715 1,01,918
Total 7,82,022 2,37,154 10,19,176
Table No. 2.5: Total Manganese ore
Grade Proved (G1) MT Probable (G2) MT Total (MT)
Saleable
(>25% Mn) 6,02,923 4,51,442 10,54,365
Sub-grade
( 10-25 % Mn) 1,06,397 79,667 1,86,064
Total 7,09,320 5,31,109 12,40,429
The demonstrated reserve of Iron ore is 10,19 ,176 MT
The demonstrated reserve of Mn ore is 12,40,429 MT
Grade: Grade wise reserve could not be ascertained as exploration is yet to be
carried out. + 65% Fe is scanty. However, for ease in obtaining transit permit,
lessee has declared +65 % in some cases as mentioned in the annual returns.
There is no mention of sub-grade or ROM in the submitted annual returns.
Therefore, % of different Grade wise reserve has been deciphered from the data
of annual returns as below.
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Table No. 2.6: Calculation of Iron Ore Recovery Percentage as per Submitted annual returns
Year Production of
Ore (65%) Fe
in MT
Production of
Ore (58-65) %
Fe in MT
Fines
(MT)
Total Quantity of
Ore Production
in MT
2005-06 38820 6144 --- 44964
2006-07 274300 63900 --- 338200
2007-08 148158 166000 --- 314158
2008-09 178000 143500 --- 321500
2009-10 --- 31500 --- 31500
Total 639278 411044 --- 1050322
Recovery Percentage of +65 % Fe = (639278/1050322) x100 = 60.86 or Say 60 %.
Recovery Percentage of 58-65 % Fe =(411044/1050322) x100 = 39.14 or Say 40 %.
Table No. 2.7: Calculation of Mn Ore Recovery Percentage as per submitted annual returns
Year
Prod. of
MnO2 Ore
in MT
Prod. of
HG Mn.
Ore
(>45%)
in MT
Prod. of
MG Mn.
Ore (35-
45%) in
MT
Prod. of
LG Mn.
Ore (25-
35%) in
MT
Prod. of
SG Mn.
Ore (10-
25%) in
MT
Total
Quantity of
Ore
Production
in MT
2005-06 77.560 41.136 24.232 3.000 --- 145.928
2006-07 182 1049 1416 20 --- 2667.000
2007-08 410 495 370 5500 --- 6775.000
2008-09 1355 680 3440 7550 --- 13025.000
2009-10 280 60 390 --- 3525 4255.000
Total 2304.560 2325.136 5640.232 13073 3525 26867.928
Recovery % of MnO2 Ore =( 2304.560 /26867.928) x 100 = 8.58 or Say 10 %.
Recovery % of HG Ore (>45% Mn.) = (2325.136/26867.928) x 100 = 8.65 or Say 10 %.
Recovery % of MG Ore (35 - 45% Mn.) = (5640.232 /26867.928) x100 = 20.9 or Say 20
%.
Recovery % of LG Ore (25 - 35% Mn.) = (13073/26867.928) x100 = 48.66 or Say 45 %.
Recovery % of SG Ore (10 - 25% Mn.) = (3525/26867.928) x 100 = 13.12 or Say 15
%.
As mentioned above, iron ore has been divided into two categories namely Fe ore
containing +65 % or above which has been calculated to be 60% of the total
quantity of saleable ore and Fe ore containing 58-65% has been calculated as
40% of the total quantity of saleable ore. Similarly In case of manganese
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ore10%,10%,20% and 45% have been considered as grade-wise occurrence of
different grades of Mn ore namely MnO2, HG (>45%), MG (35-45%) and LG
(25-35%) of total quantity of saleable ore.
Sub-Grade: Iron ore containing 45% to 58% Fe has been considered as sub-
grade. No mention has been made in the submitted annual returns as described
above about sub-grade ore. In the absence of this, 10% of the total quantity of ore
has been assumed as sub-grade iron ore based on field observations. However, as
per above calculation, 15% of the total quantity of Mn ore has been assumed as
sub-grade ore having Mn% in between 10 to 25%.
Recovery Factor: As revealed from the analysis results (Annexure XVIII)
recovery of saleable iron ore is 70%, that of sub-grade ore is 8% and rest 22% is
rejects, i.e. 78% constitutes ore and 22% waste. During calculation sub-grade has
been taken as 10% of total ore which is equivalent 8% of excavation.
Similarly, recovery of saleable Mn ore is 25%, that of sub-grade ore is 5% and
rest 70% is rejects, i.e. 30% constitutes ore and 70% waste. During calculation
sub-grade has been taken as 15% of total ore which is equivalent 5% of
excavation.
l) Mineral Reserve/Resources- Mineral resources has been estimated based
on level of exploration with reference to the threshold value of mineral.
Table No. 2.8: Grade Wise Iron ore
Level of exploration Resources in million tons Grade
Geological Mineable Blocked ore
G1-Detailed exploration 0.83 0.782 0.048 >45% Fe
G2-General exploration 0.252 0.237 0.015 >45% Fe
G3-Prospecting 0.139 - - >45% Fe
G4-Reconnassance - - -
Table No. 2.9: Grade Wise Manganese ore
Level of exploration Resources in million tons Grade
Geological Mineable Blocked ore
G1-Detailed exploration 0.818 0.709 0.109 >10% Mn
G2-General exploration 0.599 0.531 0.068 >10% Mn
G3-Prospecting 0.296 - - >10% Mn
G4-Reconnassance - - -
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2.5 MINING
The Inganijharan iron & manganese mine is an old existing mine. The mining was
initially carried out by opencast manual method and subsequently the plan has
been revised for semi mechanized (Group-A-OTFM) with screening facility to
produce 0.6 MTPA Iron and 0.075 MTPA Manganese during the recent
conceptual period.
The opencast methods are deployed and mining runs in a single shift. Breaking of
hard strata will be done by drilling of 32 mm diameter drill holes and subsequent
blasting. Secondary drilling by using jackhammers along with blasting to handle
big boulders and toes, blasting will be carried out by ANFO.
Excavation and loading will be done by the excavator (S) and transporting will be
done by 10 ton capacity dumpers.
Mining activities has been carried out in the lease area since 1953. Presently the
mine is temporarily discontinued since November 2009 for required statutory
clearances. In course of mining 4 nos. of iron ore pits and 7 nos. of manganese pits
have been developed in the lease area. The iron quarries extend from about 940 S to
1530 S in north-south direction and 1230w to 1600W in east-west direction.
Manganese pits namely Mn pit-4 & Mn pits -5 are presently water logged. Details
of each individual pits have been given below.
Table No. 2.10: Query Statistics
Sl.
No.
Quarry
Name
Location Length
(m)
Widt
h (m)
No. of
Benches
Top
mRL
Bottom
mRL
Remarks
1 Pit-1(Iron) 950S - 1400S
1300W - 1600W
326 63 5 549 519
2 Pit-2(Iron) 1080S - 1400S
1230W - 1550W
289 96 8 535 480
3 Pit-3(Iron) 1470S - 1530S
1410W - 1440W
56 14 2 482 478
4 Pit-4(Iron) 940S - 1060S
1240W - 1310W
104 31 4 500 490
5 Pit-1(Mn.) 60S - 110S
1040W - 1110W
60 31 4 560 530
6 Pit-2(Mn.) 180S - 320S
1120W - 1250W
122 90 4 530 500
7 Pit-3(Mn.) 350S - 440S
930W - 1060W
78 52 4 472 463
8 Pit-4(Mn.) 340S - 500S
1120W - 1310W
136 120 5 495 465
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9 Pit-5(Mn.) 540S - 610S
1300W - 1370W
62 50 8 465 458
10 Pit-6(Mn.) 610S - 1140S
1200W - 1500W
419 148 6 509 458
11 Pit-7(Mn.) 660S - 700S
1170W - 1210W
34 24 2 464 460
In all, eleven nos. of waste dumps exist within the lease area. In course of mining
these dumps have been formed during the previous working years. Some of these
dumps are present within the ultimate pit limit.
Details regarding each dump are given below.
Table No. 2.11: Dump Statistics
Sl. No. Dump Number Location Length (m) Width (m) No. of Terraces
1 Dump-1 (Iron) 987S-1070S
1028W-1142W
106 78 3
2 Dump-2 (Iron) 1056S-1191S
1082W-1199W
132 112 1
3 Dump-3 (Iron) 1191S-1268S
1152W-1242W
90 60 1
4 Dump-4 (Iron) 1320S-1473S
1276W-1429W
194 65 2
5 Dump-5 (Iron) 719S-859S
902W-1008W
134 83 1
6 Dump-6 (Iron) 1214W-1268W
1338S-1392S
50 49 1
7 Dump-1 (Mn.) 701S-823S
670W-787W
126 98 1
8 Dump-2 (Mn.) 748S-854S
563W-670W
104 95 1
9 Dump-3 (Mn.) 662S-697S
703W-755W
55 30 1
10 Dump-4 (Mn.) 402S-487S
1060W-1169W
92 56 1
11 Dump-5 (Mn.) 327S-392S
1122W-1237W
122 20 1
There are few mineral stack yards and fines stack yards present over an area of
3.246 ha. near the existing quarries within the lease area. Some of these stacks are
having Fe% from 58 to 62%. During the mine operational period, the cut-off grade
was 62 % for iron ore. These stacks were termed as sub-grade stack. At present as
cut-off grade of iron ore is changed to 58 %, these stacks have been considered as
saleable stack yard. From this point of view, presently there is no sub-grade stack in
the lease area. As these mineral stack yards will be sold out simultaneously with
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mining, no rehandling proposal has been considered in the ensuing plan period.
However some of these mineral stack yards will be rehandled for development of
benches in the concerned year.
2.5.1 DEVELOPMENT FOR IRON AND MANGANESE QUARRY
Development / working will be carried out by extending the existing iron &
manganese quarry both laterally & depth ward to achieve the targeted production.
In view of the year wise excavation and development of the mine for RON of Iron
and Manganese ore has been detailed out as below:
Table No.2.12: Year wise Iron Ore Mine
YEAR PIT
NO.
TOTAL
EXCAVA-
TION in
m3
TOP
SOIL
in m3
OVER
BURDEN
in m3
ROM VOL. OF
MINERAL
REJECTS
in m3
ORE TO
WASTE
RATIO
MT/ m3
VOL.
ORE
in m3
VOL. OF
SUBGRADE/
MINERAL
REJECTS
in m3
VOL.
OF I.B.
in m3
2015-16 Pit-1 32,175 0 12,285 13,963 1,551 4,376 - 01:00.3
2016-17 Pit-
1&2 96,759 0 41,184 39,014 4,335 12,226 - 01:00.4
2017-18 Pit-
1,2&3 3,95,426 0 1,75,807 1,54,173 17,130 48,316 - 01:00.4
TOTAL 5,24,360 0 2,29,276 2,07,150 23,016 64,918 - 01:00.4
Table No.2.13: Year wise Manganese ore
YEAR PIT
NO.
TOTAL
EXCAVA-
TION in m3
TOP
SOIL
in m3
OVER
BURDE
N in m3
ROM VOL. OF
MINERAL
REJECTS
in m3
ORE TO
WASTE
RATIO
MT/ m3
VOL.
ORE
in m3
VOL. OF
SUBGRADE
/MINERAL
REJECTS
in m3
VOL. OF
I.B. in m3
2015-16 Pit-3 38,324 0 1,320 9,436 1,665 25,903 - 01:00.9
2016-17 Pit-4 54,487 0 6,566 12,220 2,156 33,545 - 01:01.0
2017-18 Pit-2 90,884 0 1,650 22,755 4,015 62,464 - 01:00.8
TOTAL 1,83,695 0 9,536 44,411 7,836 12,1912 - 01:00.9
Iron Quarry as on date assumes 624m x 280m and manganese Quarry 238m x
130m. In view of backfilling of the Iron Ore Pit during 2008-09, the entire waste
materials of 520730m3 shall be used and thereafter simultaneous backfilling and
excavation shall run. Hence dump rehabilitation will not be required.
In view of occurrence of Mn below the Iron Ore Quarry Floor at later date, it is
not envisaged to reclaim the degraded portion at present.
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Keeping the above parameters in-view, the development has been projected.
Year-wise production of ore, waste & sub-grade for Iron & Manganese for 5 years
of the mining scheme period has been described as follows.
Table 2.14: YEAR-WISE PRODUCTION OF MANGANESE
Year Ore in MT Saleable Ore in MT Sub-grade Ore in MT
2009-10 20000 14000 6000
2010-11 20083 14058 6025
2011-12 20109 14076 6033
2012-13 20109 14076 6033
2013-14 20405 14283 6122
Total 100706 70493 30213
Table 2.15: YEAR-WISE PRODUCTION OF IRON
Year Section
Updated
Reserves
(MT) as on
31.03.2009
Production
(MT)
During
present
Scheme)
Balance
(MT)
Volume
of Ore at
3.5MT/M
3
Generation
of Waste in
M3
Ore :
Waste
Ratio
2009-10
D-D‟ 243864 243864 0 69676 69675
1:1 E-E‟ 636160 86136 550024 24610 24610
Total 880024 330000 550024 94286 94285
2010-11 E-E‟ 550024 330000 220024 94286 94285
1:1 Total 550024 330000 220024 94286 94285
2011-12
E-E‟ 220024 220024 0 62864 62864
1:1 C-C‟ 374775 109976 264799 31422 31422
Total 594799 330000 212685 94286 94285
2012-13
C-C1 264799 264799 0 75657 75657
1:1 B-B‟ 458909 65201 393708 18629 18629
Total 723708 330000 393708 94286 94285
2013-14 B-B‟ 393708 330000 63708 94285 94285
1:1 Total 393708 330000 63708 94285 94285
2.6 CONCEPTUAL MINING PLAN
The mineable reserve of iron ore in the lease area is 10,19,176 MT and the
mineable reserve of manganese ore is 12,40,429 MT. Till the end of first five
years of this plan period 805580 Mt of iron ore will be exhausted leaving only
2,13,596 Mt of iron ore. Hence life of the iron ore will be one year after this plan
period. Keeping in view the maximum production of manganese ore target at
75,000 per annum respectively, the life of the manganese working will be
12,40,429 /75,000=16.5 or say 17 years. Hence the life of the mine will be 17
years.
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However, the life of the mine is relative & will depend on increase & decrease of
production in subsequent years and result of exploration.
Ultimate extent and size of the quarry
In the lease area, both iron and manganese ore will be exploited.
At the northern side of the lease area only manganese ore will be developed at
the conceptual period. At the southern side of the lease area only iron ore will be
exploited. A nala is passing at the central part of the lease area. Ultimately three
mineralized areas will be exploited within the leasehold. The extents of
mineralized zones of northern side will be 10,193 m2 and 80,670 m
2 and the
extent of mineralized zone of southern side will be 2, 26,242 m2. Hence the total
ultimate pit limit will be 3, 17,105 m2
or 31.71 hectare. The ultimate size of
ultimate pits of northern side will be 175mx58mx34m & 384 m x210m x 40m
and southern side will be 942 mx240mx45 m respectively. The iron quarry will
reach up to 473 mRL and manganese quarry will reach up to 454 mRL.
Ultimate slope angle
During proposed plan period, the individual benches will kept nearly vertical
with 70º – 80º slope angle. Keeping the height and minimum width of the
benches at 6m and 6m respectively, the ultimate pit slope will be kept at around
45º at the close of the mine.
Ultimate pit limit boundaries
The ultimate pit limit boundaries have been earmarked in conceptual plan
Ultimate capacity of dump
Conceptually swell waste to be generated from the iron quarry will be 4, 64,596
m3
and from the re-handling of the existing iron dump-4 a volume of 22,590 m3
waste will be generated. So a total vol. of 4, 87,186 m3 waste is to be
accommodated over the conceptual dump. But before that a vol. of 2106 m3
waste will be utilized for backfilling of the broken up safety zone near the iron pit
in the western side. It has been proposed to dump the waste generated during the
plan period over existing dump-5. Ultimately this dump will be extended over an
area of 48,274 m2 or 4.83 hectares. The ultimate capacity of the iron dump is 4,
85,080 m3. At the conceptual period the top RL of the dump will be 493 meter
with 3 nos. of terraces.
Similarly, swell waste to be generated from the manganese quarry will be 14,
18,172 m3 and from the re-handle of the existing manganese dump-5 the waste to
be generated is 9261 m3.
From the total waste of 14,27,433 m3, a vol. of 13,786
m3 waste will be utilized for backfilling of the safety zone in between pillar no. 8
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& 9 near manganese quarry. Remaining waste 14, 13,647 m3
will be dumped over
the conceptual dump. During the ensuing plan period the waste to be generated
from the quarry has been proposed to be dumped at the north eastern side of the
lease area. Ultimately this dump will be extended over an area 72707 m2 or 7.27
hectare. Conceptually the top RL of the dump will be 531 mRL. with 6 nos. of
terraces. The ultimate capacity of the dump will be 14, 13,647 m3.
At the end of the conceptual period a quantity of 1, 01,918 MT sub-grade iron ore
will be generated from the quarry. Similarly 1, 86,064 MT sub-grade manganese
ore will be generated from the quarry. These sub-grade ores will be stacked over
the earmarked sites of stacking proposed in the plan period. These sub-grades
will be blended with high grade ores to make them marketable. Therefore, these
sub-grades will be sold out simultaneously with mining and at the conceptual
period there will be no sub-grade ore.
Land degradation and/reclamation/afforestation
At the end of the first five years of the renewal plan period a total area of 25.834
hectare is to be degraded under mining. During conceptual period an area of
33.42 hectare will be mined out. As the total area is yet to be explored and the
existing dumps contain variable proportion of saleable ore and these dumps are
yet to be systematically analysed, no backfilling proposal has been proposed in
this document.
However, based on outcome of the proposed exploration, suitable planning would
be made for reclamation of the quarries. Conceptually, the exhausted quarries
will be backfilled using the wastes of the dumps and the backfilled areas will be
rehabilitated through plantation. The detailed planning can be made in the first
scheme period.
2.6.1 LAND-USE PATTERN
The details of pre-operational land-use, operational land-use and proposed
land-use details for the conceptual period are given in the tabular form
below.
Table 2.16: PRE OPERATIONAL LAND-USE
Forest(Ha) Non-Forest(Ha)
58.127
Waste land & Gochar 56.803
Grazing land
Agriculture land
Others (Specify)
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Table 2.17: EXISTING LAND-USE PATTERN
SL.
No.
Pattern of Utilization Forest Area in Ha Non-Forest
Area in Ha
Total
in Ha R.F As per
DLC
V.F Total
1 Quarry 2.970 0.057 - 3.027 10.903 13.930
2 Float Mining & Others 2.505 - - 2.505 14.925 17.430
3 Dumping 2.266 - - 2.266 13.833 16.099
4 Store & Stack 0.073 - - 0.073 2.809 2.882
5 Mines Road 0.037 - - 0.037 0.384 0.421
6 Staff quarter & hutting - - - - 0.548 2.548
Total 7.851 0.057 - 7.908 45.402 53.310
Table No.2.18: Conceptual Land Use Statistics
Type of land Use At
present
(Ha)
Additional
area
during the
Scheme
period
(Ha)
Total
(Ha)
As at the
conceptual
period in
Hectares
As at the
final
closure
plan
period in
Hectares
Area under excavation 19.754 6.08 25.834 33.42 33.42
Overburden Dump 7.116 5.106 12.222 16.67 0
Mineral storage 3.246 0.190 3.436 2.64 0
Storage for top-soil 0 0 0 0 0
Sub grade storage 0 0.528 0.528 0.53 0
Infrastructure(Crusher, rest
shelter, Administrative
building)
1.518 0.008 1.526 1.47 1.47
Township 0 0 0 0 0
Roads 1.74 0.247 1.987 1.19 1.19
Green belt (Safety zone) 0 0.348 0.348 7.70 7.70
Ancillary activities
including float mining 27.363 0 27.363 12.14 0
Retaining wall, garland
drain & settling tank
around dump, mineral stack
yard, sub-grade stack yard
and check dam along nala
0 1.72 1.72 1.72 0
Area for future exploration
and mining 0 0 0 37.45 0
Total 60.737 14.227 74.964 114.93 43.78
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However, during the conceptual period the total degraded area in forest and non-
forest land will be as follows
Table No.2.19: Conceptual Land Use Distribution
Type of land Use FOREST
(Ha.)
NON-
FOREST
(Ha.)
TOTAL
(Ha.)
Area under excavation 5.51 27.91 33.42
Overburden Dump 8.80 7.87 16.67
Mineral storage 0.30 2.34 2.64
Storage for top-soil 0 0 0
Sub grade storage 0.10 0.43 0.53
Infrastructure (Crusher, rest shelter, administrative
building etc.) 0.50 0.97 1.47
Township 0 0 0
Roads 0.25 0.94 1.19
Green belt (Safety Zone) 2.32 5.38 7.70
Retaining wall , garland drain & settling tank around
dump, mineral stack yard, sub-grade stack yard and check
dam along nala
0.75 0.97 1.72
Ancillary activities including float mining 6.11 6.03 12.14
Area for future exploration and mining 33.487 3.963 37.45
Total 58.127 56.803 114.93
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Fig No: 2-7: Existing Land-Use Plan
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5
Fig. No-2.8: Composite Development Plan
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Fig. No-2.9: Conceptual Plan
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2.6.2 CAPACITY OF WASTE DUMP
Nature and quantity of top soil, overburden/ waste and mineral rejects
The wastes removed from the quarries are mainly composed of laterite, morum,
shale, quartzite etc. The lessee has been dumping the waste material generated
during previous mining operations near the quarry for which it has been proposed
for part re-handling of Dump-4 of iron ore and Dump-5 of Mn to enable
operation of proposed quarries. The total quantity of waste of the existing dumps
is calculated to be about 4, 09,201m3 as indicated below. The details of the
existing dumps are as follows.
In all, eleven nos. of waste dumps exist in the lease area. In course of mining these
dumps have been formed during the previous working years. Some of these dumps
are present within the ultimate pit limit. Retaining wall has been constructed around
the iron dump-1 and 2. As the iron dump- 1 and dump-2 is situated side by side a
common retaining wall of 220 meter has been constructed at the eastern side which
is natural slope to the Baitarani river to arrest the wash-off during rainy season.
In case of existing manganese dumps only D-5 will be re-handled. Plantation has
been done over the dump slopes of remaining existing manganese dumps.
Table No. 2.20: Details regarding each dump are given below.
Sl. No. Dump Number Location Length (m) Width
(m)
No. of
Terraces
1 Dump-1 (Iron) 987S-1070S
1028W-1142W
106 78 3
2 Dump-2 (Iron) 1056S-1191S
1082W-1199W
132 112 1
3 Dump-3 (Iron) 1191S-1268S
1152W-1242W
90 60 1
4 Dump-4 (Iron) 1320S-1473S
1276W-1429W
194 65 2
5 Dump-5 (Iron) 719S-859S
902W-1008W
134 83 1
6 Dump-6 (Iron) 1214W-1268W
1338S-1392S
50 49 1
7 Dump-1 (Mn.) 701S-823S
670W-787W
126 98 1
8 Dump-2 (Mn.) 748S-854S
563W-670W
104 95 1
9 Dump-3 (Mn.) 662S-697S
703W-755W
55 30 1
10 Dump-4 (Mn.) 402S-487S
1060W-1169W
92 56 1
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11 Dump-5 (Mn.) 327S-392S
1122W-1237W
122 20 1
The details of year wise waste to be generated from re-handling of the existing
dumps are as follows.
Table No. 2.21: IRON EXISTING DUMPS
Year Dumps to be re-
handled
Vol. of waste to be re-
handled (m3)
2017-18 Dump-4 (Partly) 22,590
Table No. 2.22: MANGANESE EXISTING DUMPS
Year Dumps to be re-
handled
Vol. of waste to be re-
handled (m3)
2016-17 Dump-5 (Partly) 4,100
In addition to this both iron quarries and manganese quarries will be worked out
during the plan period. The vol. of waste to be generated from iron quarry and
manganese quarry during the plan period are as follows.
Table No. 2.23: Waste to be generated from Iron pit
Year Vol. of OB m3 Vol. of IB
m3
Vol. of total
waste m3
Total Swell vol. of waste
m3
2015-16 12,285 4,376 16,661 19,993
2016-17 41,184 12,226 53,410 64,092
2017-18 1,75,807 48,316 2,24,123 2,68,948
Total 2,29,276 64,918 2,94,194 3,53,033
Table No. 2.24: Waste to be generated from manganese pit
Year Vol. of OB m3 Vol. of IB
m3
Vol. of total
waste m3
Total Swell
vol. of waste m3
2015-16 1,320 25,903 27,223 32,667
2016-17 6,566 33,545 40,111 48,134
2017-18 1,650 62,464 64,114 76,937
Total 9,536 1,21,912 1,31,448 1,57,738
2.6.3 HAULAGE DESIGN
Haul roads will have ramps laid at 1:16 to 1:20 gradient. Width of the roads will
be around at 8- 10m.
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2.6.4 DRAIN DESIGN
The trend of natural drainage pattern in the area is towards east. The surface run-
off water will find clear access into the existing seasonal nala during rains. Part of
the surface run-off water will enter in to the mine workings and may cause
inundation of the same. Since mining is carried out in hilly area, water table is not
intersected as the general ground water table observed in the dug-wells of the
locality is 10 to 15m below the general surface level. In order to make the
working faces dry, pumping of water out of the pits will be necessary during
rainy season. Diesel operated pumps (at least 10 HP) will be deployed to pump
out accumulated water of the mine.
Peripheral garland drains with settling tanks will be provided around the waste
dumps. Width and depth of the drain will be 2m-1m respectively. Slope will be
within 1:30 to 1:50
2.7 MINERAL BENEFECATION
The local sponge iron units and other users require sized ore for their use. Hence
to meet the market needs, a mobile crusher-cum- screening unit of 150 tonnes
will be installed in the central eastern part of the mine which will be shifted
afterwards north eastern side of the property ( non- mineralized zone) after DRP
clearance.
A part of the rated production of the mine i.e. about 4000 tonnes per day will be
crushed and the crusher will operate for 16 to 17 hours per day, i.e. two shifts
per day and the other shifts will be for maintenance . The maximum feed size of
the ore will be 400 mm and depending upon the market requirement the ore will
be calibrated accordingly
2.8 Extent of Mechanization
The proposed quarry will be operated by semi mechanized mining method.
Excavation of hard strata will be effected through drilling and blasting.
Excavation and loading wiil be done by using hydraulic shovels.
2.8.1 DRILLING
Table No. 2.25: Specifications of crawlier drills
Diameter of the blast hole : 100mm
Height of the bench : 6m
Sub-grade drilling : 0.6m
Length of the hole : 6.6m
Burden : 3.0m
Spacing : 3.5m
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Volume of earth to be
broken/loosen per hole.
: 3.0mX3.5mX 6m = 63 m3
Meter age of drilling per year
Vol. of excavation per year 4,86,310 m3
(including iron and manganese)
Assuming 60% of the vol.
Number of holes to be drilled 2,91,786 m3
/63 m3 =4631.5 or say4632 nos.
Meterage of drilling to be required 4632x6.6= 30571 m.
Meter age of drilling per drill:
Speed of the drill 10m/Hr
No. of working days in a year 300
Efficiency 60%
No. of shift per day 1
Meterage of drilling to be effected/ year 300 x 10 x 8 x 1 x60%= 14400 m
Required Drill
Total meterage to be drilled /year
No. of drills required= Total meterage to be drilled/year
Total meterage can drilled/year/ drill =30571m./ 14400 m
=2.12 or say 3 nos.
2.8.2 EXCAVATION AND LOADING
Loading of waste to tippers will be done by using Poclain of 0.9 m3
bucket
capacity.
Table No. 2.26: Excavation Details
Specification
Bucket capacity = 0.9CuM
Production efficiency [machine operating efficiency + job
management efficiency]
=
90%
Time cycle/pass at 900 swing = 25sec
Excavating Parameters
Nominal bucket capacity = 0.9CuM
Average nominal bucket capacity [C] = 1CuM
Bucket fill factor [f] = 0.9
Time cycle/pass at 900 swing [T] = 25sec
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Swell factor [s] = 0.7
Production efficiency factor [e] = 0.9
Seconds per hour [t] = 3600
Depth of cut factor [d] = 0.95
Rate of production:
Output/shovel/hour = C x f x s x d x
e x t T=1 x 0.9
x 0.7 x 0.95 x 0.9
x 3600 25
= 77.57Cum
Output/shovel/shift with 5hours effective working time. = 77.57x 5
= 387.85CuM or say 388 m3
Number of excavator(s) required = Total vol. of excavation handling
in a day Handling capacity of one
excavator per day
Max total excavation and O.B. handling per day
(Considering excavation of overburden, excavation of RoM
of iron & Mn ore including rehandling of existing dumps &
and 300 working days in a year)
= 4,86310 m3 300 =1621 m
3
Excavator required to be engaged = 1621 388= 4.17 or say 5nos.
2.8.3 TRANSPORTATION
The marketable iron ore and manganese ore will be dispatched to the nearest
stack, located at a distance of about 0.2 km from the project site.
Annual rate of marketable
iron and manganese ore production =6,74,517MT
Average daily rate of production =6,74,517/300 =2249 MT
Average daily quantum of ore to be
transported to the railway site = 2249MT
Capacity of tipper = 10 T
Required no. of trips/day = 2249/10=224.9 or say 225
No of trips can be transported per tipper
Per day of one shift working = 30
No of tippers required per day = 225/30 =7.5 or say 8
Standby to meet repair and
Maintenance time = 1
Water tank mounted truck = 1
Total =8+1+1=10Nos.
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2.8.4 DETAILS OF MACHINARIES TO BE USED
Table 2.27: Machinary Details
Sl no. Equipment specification Proposed
1 Excavator 0.9m3 capacity 5
2 Wagon drill BMC-150 3
3 Tippers Tata (10T) 25
4 Compressor Holman TA 13T 1
5 Jack harmers Atlas Copco 2
6 Rock breaker --- 1
7 Water Tanker TMB 1
8 Water pump 10HP 3
2.9 LAND DEGRADATION & RECLAMATION
A total of 74.964 hectares land is likely to be degraded due to proposed mining,
dumping, and construction of road and site services at the end of the plan period.
This would naturally, create a change in topography. These topographical
changes would be of the following order:
Table No. 2.28: Land Utilisation Pattern
Type of land Use At
present
(Ha)
Additional
area during
the Plan
period (Ha)
Total
(Ha)
As at the
conceptual
period in
Hectares
As at the
final
closure
plan
period in
Hectares
Area under excavation 19.754 6.08 25.834 31.71 31.71
Overburden Dump 7.116 6.826 13.942 18.242 0
Mineral storage 3.246 0.190 3.436 3.436 0
Storage for top-soil 0 0 0 0 0
Sub grade storage 0 0.528 0.528 0.528 0
Infrastructure(Crusher,rest
shelter) 0.814 0.008 0.822 0.822 0
Township 0.704 0 0.704 0.704 0
Roads 1.74 0.247 1.987 1.987 0
Green belt 0 0.348 0.348 0.348 0.348
Ancillary activities including
float mining 27.363 0 27.363 27.363 0
Total 60.737 14.227 74.964 85.14 32.058
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2.10 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL
To achieve a production of about 599560 MT iron ore max. in a year
The daily production will be about 599560 / 300 = 1999MT
Man power required 600/ 15 =40 or say 60 Assuming 15 ton OMS in the case of
iron ore)
To achieve a production of about 74952 MT Mn. ore max. in a year
The daily production will be about 75000 / 300 = 250 MT
Man power required 250/ 3=63 (Assuming 4 tonne OMS in the case of Mn ore)
Total unskilled manual labour will be required for sizing and sorting of the ore will
be 115 nos assuming 10% extra.
Requirement of other statutory personnel is as follows.
Table No. 2.29: Human Resource
Hence a total nos. of 131 employees will be required to achieve the production
target.
2.11 BUDGETARY ESTIMATION
The total cost of the project is estimated as Rs. 24 crores.
Sl
no
Designation Qualification Proposed Experience
1 1st class Mines
Manager
Degree/ Diploma in
mining engineering.
1 no 1st class mines manager
certificate of competency
2 Mine Engineer Degree in mining
engineering.
1 no 10 yrs experience
3 Geologist M.Sc in Geology 1 no 10 yrs experience
4 Mining Foreman Diploma in mining
engineering
2 nos. 3 years experience with mining
Foreman competency
certificate
5 Mine Surveyor Diploma in mine
survey/survey
1 No 5 years experience with survey
competency certificate
5 Mining Mate Matriculate 3 nos. 3 years experience with mining
mate competency certificate
6 Clerk Graduation 2 no
7 Peon - 5 Nos
Total 16 nos.
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CHAPTER 3
DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONEMNT
3.0 INTRODUCTION
Today the globe is engaged in seemingly endless discussions about the
sustainable development while the mining industry stands on the cross roads
involved in the problems of growth, sustainability and imperative need of an
environmental agenda. Modern technology has enormously magnified out the
ability to extract the minerals. Mining activities represent one of the important
and vital indexes of economic and industrial development of any country. The
occurrence of mineral deposits, being site specific their exploitation cases do not
allow for any choice except adoption of an eco-friendly operation. However, the
methods are required to maintain environmental equilibrium ensuring sustainable
development. Mining processes normally affect the existing environmental
domains of the site. It has both adverse and beneficial effects. In a view to
maintain the environmental commensuration with the mining operations, it is
necessary to undertake studies on existing environmental scenario and impacts of
mining activities on different environmental domains. This would help in
formulating suitable management plans to effect sustainable development plan to
effect sustainable development of the resources.
The entire mining lease area is considerable as core zone. The surrounding area
covering 10 Kms radius from the central part of the core zone is considered as
buffer zone.
An attempt has been made to assess the existing environmental scenario through
generation of different data in the core zone and the buffer zone. Different
environmental parameters required to evaluate the prevailing scenario in the core
as well as buffer zone has been generated/collected and compiled for the period
from March 2010 to May 2010. The details of the sampling locations are
represented in Figure 3.1.
The basic environmental attributes generated and compiled in core and buffer
zone are as follows.
Meteorological Condition
Ambient Air Quality
Water Resource and Quality
Soil Quality
Land use Pattern
Ecological Pattern
Socio-Economic and Demographic Profile
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The methodologies adopted for the study of different parameters are as follows.
3.1 METHODOLOGY
To complete the assignment as per the scope of works the following methods
have been adopted.
3.1.1 GENERATION OF BASELINE DATA
i) Air quality, noise characteristic and meteorological parameters
To evaluate the air quality, noise characteristics and meteorological parameters
two permanent stations are fixed in the core zone and seven permanent stations
are fixed in the buffer zone by taking into account the prevailing wind conditions
in the study season of Summer monsoon. The sampling locations are selected in
all the direction of the lease area.
The air monitoring station at the mining site in the core zone is fixed with
conventional anemometer to measure the wind speed, wind vane to note wind
directions, thermometer for temperature readings, and hygrometer for relative
humidity data on hourly basis during monitoring periods.
Nine locations are selected for studying the noise characteristics during the study
periods of post monsoon within 10 Kms radius of the central part of the lease
area.
ii) Ecological Studies
This is based on the distribution pattern of the various species of plants and
density of vegetation within the core and buffer zone. Detailed species-wise floral
surveys have been conducted. Random surveys inside core and buffer zone have
been made for determining the faunal characteristics.
iii) Socio-economic and Demographic profile
Main villages within the core and buffer zones have been selected for sample
survey on various aspects to decipher socio-economic and demographic profile.
Data collected during survey have been compared with the data collected from
the Census Survey of 2001.The details of Socio-economic and demographic
profile is appended to this report as Annexure- I.
3.1.2 ANALYSIS OF SAMPLES GENERATED
i) Ambient air samples
High volume samplers/ Respirable dust samplers are used to collect 24 hourly
samples for two consecutive days in a week in each permanent station collecting
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two samples per week, per station. This process continued for the study period
and samples are collected from five permanent stations. The samples, thus
collected are analysed to know the concentration of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NOx and
CO as per the procedures laid down by the Indian Standards, IS Code No. 5182
(Part IV, II, VI, X, XII respectively).
ii) Meteorological parameters
Meteorological data like wind speed, wind direction, temperature, relative
humidity and rainfall are collected from fixed stations on continuous basis for
three months period. Data for previous years were collected mainly from the
nearby meteorological station for comparison.
iii) Noise characteristics
Noise levels at nine different stations within 10 Kms radius of the central part of
the lease area are monitored. The measurement are made using a sound level
meter on hourly basis for continuous period of one day (simultaneously during
AAQ monitoring) during the study period and are compared with the prescribed
Indian Standards.
iv) Dust fall measurement
Dust fall kits are placed at nine different fixed stations in the core zone and the
buffer zone to note the concentration of dust collected during the period of one
month in the study season. This has been collected as per IS Code No. 5182 part-
I.
v) Water quality
Samples collected from the representative sites have been analysed using IS Code
3025 methodology to note different parameters as per IS Code No. 10500, 2296
and other relevant codes and notification.
vi) Soil quality
Representative samples drawn from five different soil profiles are analysed to
note its physico-chemical conditions using Indian Standard methods (IS Code
2720).
vii) Land use and land cover pattern
Land use and land cover pattern maps are prepared for both core and buffer zone
based on the satellite imageries maps. This is substantiated by actual field studies.
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viii) Preparation of report
Based on the data generated/complied, studies on Environmental Impact
Assessment for the area is made which has helped to formulate a suitable
Environmental Management Plan (Chapter 10).
3.2 METEOROLOGY
The mining lease area experiences dry to moist subtropical climate. In a view to
assess the meteorological parameters of the project area and its surroundings,
studies have been made to generate/compile data on rainfall, wind speed, wind
direction, temperature and relative humidity.
3.2.1 RAINFALL DATA
The annual normal rainfall as per the Directorate of Economics and Statistics is
1288.3 mm. nearly 70% of the rain fall was received by the South-West monsoon
during June to September, July being the rainiest month. The data generated in
the project area have also been compared with the data compiled for preceding 10
years from the nearest observatory of the district. Average annual rainfall from
the year 1999 to 2009 of Keonjhar, the district head quarter is shown in Table No.
3.1.
Table3.1: RAINFALL DATA OF DISTRICT KEONJHAR
(Source: Directorate of Economics and Statistics)
3.2.2 TEMPERATURE AND RELATIVE HUMIDITY
The meteorological data for temperature and relative humidity were collected
during the study period. The temperature ranged from 400C to 45
0C during
Year Rain fall in mm.
1999 1594.9
2000 1152.8
2001 1389.9
2002 862
2003 1345.6
2004 1530.5
2005 1148.3
2006 1280.5
2007 1296.4
2008 1223.5
2009 1347
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summer and 40
C to 50
C during in the peak of the winter while the relative
humidity varied from 65.0% to 94.5% during summer season.
3.2.3 WIND SPEED AND DIRECTION
During the study period, the wind speed is observed to vary from calm to 14.5
kmph. It is further noted that the night time wind speed is predominantly calm to
South-West to South-South-West.
Fig 3.2 illustrates the wind rose diagram for the summer period. The frequency
distribution chart is given in Table 3.2
Table - 3.2: Summary of Climatologically Data from March 2010 to May 2010
Parameters March 2010 April 2010 May 2010
Min. Ambient Temp. (0C) 15.0 17.6 20.2
Max. Ambient Temp. (0C) 37.5 40.7 42.4
Average. Ambient Temp. (0C) 27.0 35.15 37.7
Average Relative Humidity (%) 48 49 55.5
Total Rainfall (mm) 28.6 32.4 70.9
Average Wind Speed (m/s) 1.38 1.75 1.94
Predominant Wind Direction WE WE SWNE
Comments on Site Data:
Site specific data are represented in Table 3-03 for the period of March 2010 to
May 2010. Temperature varies between 150C and 42
0C during this period with
hottest month being May.
1. Humidity varies between 48% and 55.5% with May being the most humid
month.
2. Rainfall was highest in May 2010.
3. The predominant wind direction was WE.
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FIGURE: 3 – 1: Site Specific Wind rose Diagram for Study Period March 2010 to May 2010
WRPLOT View - Lakes Environmental Software
WIND ROSE PLOT:
Wind Speed
COMMENTS: COMPANY NAME:
Inganijharan Iron & Mn Ore Mines, Lessee: Bikas Chandra Dev
MODELER:
M/s Visiotek Consultancy Services Pvt. Ltd.
PROJECT NO.:
Resultant Vector
263 deg - 22%
NORTH
SOUTH
WEST EAST
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
WIND SPEED
(m/s)
>= 11.1
8.8 - 11.1
5.7 - 8.8
3.6 - 5.7
2.1 - 3.6
0.5 - 2.1
Calms: 20.38%
TOTAL COUNT:
2208 hrs.
CALM WINDS:
20.38%
AVG. WIND SPEED:
1.95 m/s
DISPLAY:
Wind SpeedDirection (blowing from)
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FIGURE: 3 – 2: ENVIRONMENTAL AIR SAMPLING LOCATIONS
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Fig.3.3 ENVIRONMENTAL GROUND WATER SAMPLING LOCATIONS
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Fig. 3.4: ENVIRONMENTAL SURFACE WATER SAMPLING LOCATIONS
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FIGURE: 3 – 5: ENVIRONMENTAL DUSTFALL & NOISE SAMPLING LOCATIONS
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FIGURE: 3 – 6: ENVIRONMENTAL DUSTFALL & NOISE SAMPLING LOCATIONS
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3.3 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY
Eight monitoring stations were fixed in the core and buffer zones (Sample
Location for AAQ Monitoring as Fig. No. 3.1) for measurement of PM10, PM2.5,
NOX, SO2, and CO for a period of 48 hours in a week during the study period
through deployment of high volume samplers. The basic methodology adopted to
assess AAQ in this project site is outlined in earlier Para. The Ambient Air
Quality is presented in Table 3.2 and the standard in Table 3.4.
TABLE: 3-3: AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS
Station Code Location Distance from
Mine Lease Area Direction
AQ1 Mine Lease Area Mine Site
AQ2 Near The Mine Site 500m E
AQ3 Sankarpur 6.8 km E
AQ4 Rugudi 4.7 km SE
AQ5 Joda 2.7 km W
AQ6 Dadua 1.8 km NE
AQ7 Chamakpur 2.7 km SE
AQ8 Gobindapur 4.4 km NE
Table - 3.4: AMBIENT AIR MONITORING RESULTS
(Season: Summer, March 2010-May 2010)
A1: Mining Lease Area
Season: Summer
SL
NO.
Date of
Monitoring
Duration of
Monitoring In
Hrs
PM10 PM 2.5 SO2 NOx CO
1 01.03.2010 24 76.1 41 13.5 18.5 116.4
2 02.03.2010 24 77.6 34 13.5 18.4 116.7
3 08.03.2010 24 78.3 39 12.6 23.4 116.3
4 09.03.2010 24 75.2 44 13.6 22.7 115.0
5 15.03.2010 24 75.1 37 8.9 19.5 115.7
6 16.03.2010 24 74.6 28 13.4 16.6 116.9
7 21.03.2010 24 72.5 32 14.6 18.9 117.4
8 22.03.2010 24 77.9 29 10.3 17.6 117.5
9 28.03.2010 24 78.2 41 13.2 19.4 117.3
10 29.03.2010 24 72.9 30 6.9 16.2 117.9
11 05.04.2010 24 75.8 37 13.9 20.7 118.4
12 06.04.2010 24 71.6 39 8.9 16.9 118.9
13 12.04.2010 24 76.3 44 13.4 16.3 118.6
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14 13.04.2010 24 74.6 35 7.9 17.1 118.5
15 19.04.2010 24 75.2 37 11.6 15.6 116.5
16 20.04.2010 24 76.2 41 9.4 15.5 115.2
17 26.04.2010 24 76.8 36 13.7 19.1 115.8
18 27.04.2010 24 77.4 37 11.2 20.6 116.6
19 03.05.2010 24 78.1 31 13.7 21.3 117.1
20 04.05.2010 24 79.5 44 10.6 16.2 117.4
21 10.05.2010 24 72.6 32 8.2 19.2 117.7
22 11.05.2010 24 76.3 37 12.3 18.4 118.6
23 17.05.2010 24 77.8 26 6.7 17.0 119.7
24 18.05.2010 24 78.9 29 10.3 16.6 119.1
25 24.05.2010 24 72.5 32 11.6 16.9 118.7
26 25.05.2010 24 76.8 35 10.5 15.9 118.5
27 31.05.2010 24 74.2 34 10.2 15.4 117.8
MAX 79.5 44 14.6 23.4 119.7
MIN 71.6 26 6.7 15.4 115
AVERAGE 75.88 35.59 11.28 18.14 117.41
98 PERCENTILE 79.188 44 14.236 23.036 119.338
A2: Near the Mining Lease Area
Table - 3.5: AAQ Analysis for A2
Season: Summer
SL
NO.
Date of
Monitoring
Duration of
Monitoring
In Hrs
PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOx CO
1 01.03.2010 24 71.2 42 15.3 21.3 115.8
2 02.03.2010 24 71.5 36 11.5 17.3 116.8
3 08.03.2010 24 70.9 29 14.4 16.5 116.4
4 09.03.2010 24 70.5 41 13.2 19.7 116.8
5 15.03.2010 24 68.5 38 10.6 18.1 117.6
6 16.03.2010 24 65.4 45 12.7 16.6 117.6
7 21.03.2010 24 66.6 40 11.9 24.3 116.8
8 22.03.2010 24 64.3 37 13.1 22.3 116.4
9 28.03.2010 24 62.3 28 12.4 16.7 116.3
10 29.03.2010 24 66.7 40 15.1 19.1 114.9
11 05.04.2010 24 69.1 39 10.7 16.7 116.4
12 06.04.2010 24 66.7 41 12.2 19.4 115.9
13 12.04.2010 24 69.4 33 14.5 20.6 115.8
14 13.04.2010 24 60.6 37 13.1 19.7 115.4
15 19.04.2010 24 69.7 39 10.2 16.4 116.5
16 20.04.2010 24 66.4 42 11.5 17.3 115.2
17 26.04.2010 24 77.3 29 10.9 19.8 115.8
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18 27.04.2010 24 79.8 36 12.1 25.7 116.6
19 03.05.2010 24 75.7 30 11.1 24.6 117.1
20 04.05.2010 24 74.6 37 13.4 16.1 117.3
21 10.05.2010 24 76.1 31 12.6 17.2 117.7
22 11.05.2010 24 77.2 29 13.7 18.4 115.6
23 17.05.2010 24 78.4 27 12.8 17.3 115.7
24 18.05.2010 24 77.3 34 10.3 15.4 116.3
25 24.05.2010 24 75.4 32 11.6 16.4 116.4
26 25.05.2010 24 76.4 33 12.3 15.8 114.3
27 31.05.2010 24 75.8 35 13.5 16.7 115.7
MAX 79.8 45 15.3 25.7 117.7
MIN 60.6 27 10.2 15.4 114.9
AVERAGE 71.25 35.55 12.47 18.71 116.26
98 PERCENTILE 79.07 43.44 15.19 25.12 117.64
Table - 3.6: AAQ Analysis for A3
A3: Sankarpur
Season: Summer
SL
NO.
Date of
Monitoring
Duration of
Monitoring
In Hrs
PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOx CO
1 01.03.2010 24 68.6 41 10.1 18.6 109.4
2 02.03.2010 24 66.4 35 9.6 16.4 110.4
3 08.03.2010 24 64.8 40 8.5 14.8 110
4 09.03.2010 24 65.1 51 10.2 15.1 110.4
5 15.03.2010 24 66.3 46 11.6 16.3 111.2
6 16.03.2010 24 68.9 49 10.7 18.9 111.2
7 21.03.2010 24 65.3 61 9.5 15.3 110.4
8 22.03.2010 24 69.6 55 11.4 19.6 110
9 28.03.2010 24 65.3 43 13.2 15.3 109.9
10 29.03.2010 24 65.6 67 12.1 15.6 108.5
11 05.04.2010 24 69.1 44 10.4 19.1 110
12 06.04.2010 24 66.7 39 11.9 16.7 109.5
13 12.04.2010 24 64.9 46 12.6 14.9 109.4
14 13.04.2010 24 68.5 61 10.7 18.5 109
15 19.04.2010 24 66.3 54 13.2 16.3 110.1
16 20.04.2010 24 66.3 55 10.5 16.3 108.8
17 26.04.2010 24 68.2 59 9.8 18.2 109.4
18 27.04.2010 24 65.1 57 12.3 15.1 110.2
19 03.05.2010 24 69.1 47 15.1 19.1 110.7
20 04.05.2010 24 67.2 43 10.6 17.2 110.9
21 10.05.2010 24 66.7 48 10.9 16.7 111.3
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22 11.05.2010 24 67.5 68 10.1 17.5 109.2
23 17.05.2010 24 69.4 56 11.3 19.4 109.3
24 18.05.2010 24 66.7 59 14.2 16.7 109.9
25 24.05.2010 24 65.4 55 11.2 15.4 110
26 25.05.2010 24 64.3 52 14.6 14.3 107.9
27 31.05.2010 24 66.2 53 15.6 16.2 109.3
MAX 69.6 68 15.6 19.6 111.3
MIN 64.3 35 8.5 14.3 107.9
AVERAGE 66.79 51.25 11.55 16.79 109.86
98 PERCENTILE 69.49 67.46 15.33 19.49 117.648
Table - 3.7: AAQ Analysis for A4
A4: Rugudi
Season: Summer
SL
NO.
Date of
Monitoring
Duration of
Monitoring
In Hrs
PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOx CO
1 03.03.2010 24 73.9 43 7.1 15.2 107.1
2 04.03.2010 24 74.3 38 8.8 13.2 108.1
3 10.03.2010 24 72.9 42 9.1 16.4 107.7
4 11.03.2010 24 76.9 39 8.2 13.1 108.1
5 17.03.2010 24 71.9 40 9.4 12.6 108.9
6 18.03.2010 24 72.1 39 8.6 17.9 108.9
7 24.03.2010 24 72.6 36 9.1 15.1 108.1
8 25.03.2010 24 74.3 31 7.6 12.6 107.7
9 31.03.2010 24 72.1 50 9.1 16.9 107.6
10 01.04.2010 24 74.3 34 8.6 13.1 106.2
11 07.04.2010 24 75.3 44 9.7 14.0 107.7
12 8.04.2010 24 78.4 51 8.1 18.6 107.2
13 14.04.2010 24 75.6 31 9.9 19.1 107.1
14 15.04.2010 24 73.7 48 8.9 18.9 106.7
15 21.04.2010 24 72.2 39 7.8 19.6 107.8
16 22.04.2010 24 77.6 41 9.6 17.6 106.5
17 28.04.2010 24 75.3 62 8.5 12.9 107.1
18 29.04.2010 24 72.9 42 9.4 18.4 107.9
19 05.05.2010 24 74.3 31 8.7 18.6 108.4
20 06.05.2010 24 77.1 38 8.4 17.6 108.6
21 12.05.2010 24 72.1 38 9.9 19.5 109.0
22 13.05.2010 24 75.6 59 10.4 16.5 106.9
23 19.05.2010 24 73.2 33 9.2 16.7 107.0
24 20.05.2010 24 72.6 36 8.4 17.9 107.6
25 26.05.2010 24 73.8 37 9.5 16.4 107.7
26 27.05.2010 24 74.2 36 9.2 17.2 105.6
MAX 78.4 62 10.4 19.6 109.0
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MIN 71.9 31 7.1 12.6 107.0
AVERAGE 74.2 40.32 8.86 16.39 107.56
98 PERCENTILE 78 60.5 10.15 19.55 108.95
Table - 3.8: AAQ Analysis for A5
A5: Joda
Season: Summer
SL
NO.
Date of
Monitoring
Duration of
Monitoring
In Hrs
PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOx CO
1 03.03.2010 24 70.3 35 7.1 13.9 113.4
2 04.03.2010 24 72.3 56 9.9 14.3 114.4
3 10.03.2010 24 71.3 45 8.5 12.9 114.7
4 11.03.2010 24 71.6 48 9.4 16.9 114.4
5 17.03.2010 24 71.6 38 8.5 11.9 115.2
6 18.03.2010 24 73.4 51 9.6 12.1 115.2
7 24.03.2010 24 77.3 49 7.6 12.6 114.4
8 25.03.2010 24 72.7 52 8.4 14.3 115.1
9 31.03.2010 24 75.1 37 9.1 12.1 113.9
10 01.04.2010 24 73.4 55 10.2 14.3 112.5
11 07.04.2010 24 76.2 51 7.9 15.3 114.4
12 8.04.2010 24 72.9 46 8.5 18.4 113.5
13 14.04.2010 24 74.3 33 9.6 15.6 113.4
14 15.04.2010 24 77.1 39 9.7 13.7 113.2
15 21.04.2010 24 76.2 46 8.6 12.2 114.1
16 22.04.2010 24 74.3 51 9.1 17.6 112.8
17 28.04.2010 24 75.7 43 7.6 15.3 113.4
18 29.04.2010 24 73.9 47 9.9 12.9 114.2
19 05.05.2010 24 76.2 50 7.6 14.3 114.7
20 06.05.2010 24 74.6 39 9.8 17.1 114.9
21 12.05.2010 24 77.3 33 8.6 12.1 115.3
22 13.05.2010 24 74.5 36 8.7 15.6 113.2
23 19.05.2010 24 74.2 37 8.1 13.2 113.3
24 20.05.2010 24 76.4 36 8.9 12.6 113.9
25 26.05.2010 24 74.2 35 9.1 14.5 116.5
26 27.05.2010 24 75.1 34 8.9 13.9 115.3
MAX 77.3 56 10.2 18.4 115.3
MIN 70.3 33 7.1 11.9 112.5
AVERAGE 74.30 42.67 8.814 14.14 114.20
98 PERCENTILE 77.3 55.5 10.05 18.6 115.9
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Table - 3.9: AAQ Analysis for A6
A6: Dadua
Season: Summer
SL
NO.
Date of
Monitoring
Duration of
Monitoring
In Hrs
PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOx CO
1 03.03.2010 24 77.2 39 7.1 10.3 115.8
2 04.03.2010 24 73.9 46 8.2 12.3 116.8
3 10.03.2010 24 75.3 51 8.4 11.3 117.1
4 11.03.2010 24 78.1 32 7.6 11.6 116.8
5 17.03.2010 24 77.2 44 9.1 11.6 117.6
6 18.03.2010 24 75.3 51 9.2 13.4 117.6
7 24.03.2010 24 76.7 46 7.5 17.3 116.8
8 25.03.2010 24 74.9 38 8.1 12.7 117.5
9 31.03.2010 24 77.2 57 9.2 15.1 116.3
10 01.04.2010 24 75.6 46 10.6 13.4 114.9
11 07.04.2010 24 78.3 45 8.5 16.2 116.8
12 8.04.2010 24 76.4 43 9.3 12.9 115.9
13 14.04.2010 24 76.7 41 10.6 14.3 115.8
14 15.04.2010 24 77.0 36 9.8 17.1 115.6
15 21.04.2010 24 77.3 34 8.7 16.2 116.5
16 22.04.2010 24 77.6 31 9.4 14.3 115.2
17 28.04.2010 24 78.0 25 8.6 15.7 115.8
18 29.04.2010 24 78.3 34 10.1 13.9 116.6
19 05.05.2010 24 78.6 42 10.1 16.2 117.1
20 06.05.2010 24 78.9 39 9.2 14.6 117.3
21 12.05.2010 24 79.3 45 7.6 17.3 117.7
22 13.05.2010 24 75.5 29 7.9 14.5 115.6
23 19.05.2010 24 75.2 37 8.4 14.2 115.7
24 20.05.2010 24 77.4 36 8.2 16.4 116.3
25 26.05.2010 24 76.5 35 9.1 16.5 118.9
26 27.05.2010 24 75.2 34 9.6 17.8 117.7
MAX 79.3 57 10.6 17.8 118.9
MIN 73.9 25 6.2 10.3 114.9
AVERAGE 76.71 39.42 8.77 14.67 116.60
98 PERCENTILE 79.1 54 10.6 17.55 118.3
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Table - 3.10: AAQ Analysis for A7
A7: Chamakpur
Season: Summer
SL
NO.
Date of
Monitoring
Duration of
Monitoring
In Hrs
PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOx CO
1 05.03.2010 24 74.7 35 8.2 17.2 112.1
2 06.03.2010 24 77.1 46 7.9 13.9 113.1
3 12.03.2010 24 75.4 32 9.1 15.3 112.7
4 13.03.2010 24 78.2 27 7.5 18.1 113.1
5 19.03.2010 24 74.9 46 9.1 17.2 113.9
6 20.03.2010 24 76.3 48 7.2 15.3 113.9
7 26.03.2010 24 77.2 38 8.5 16.7 113.1
8 27.03.2010 24 78.2 46 9.2 14.9 112.7
9 02.04.2010 24 76.3 41 7.9 17.2 112.6
10 03.04.2010 24 77.7 39 9.4 15.6 111.2
11 09.04.2010 24 75.9 34 8.5 18.3 112.7
12 10.04.2010 24 78.2 48 6.9 16.4 112.2
13 16.04.2010 24 76.6 39 8.9 16.7 112.1
14 17.04.2010 24 75.1 34 9.7 17.0 111.7
15 23.04.2010 24 72.3 33 8.6 17.3 112.8
16 24.04.2010 24 74.3 37 10.2 17.6 111.5
17 30.04.2010 24 73.3 29 9.7 18.0 112.1
18 01.05.2010 24 73.6 34 8.6 18.3 112.9
19 07.05.2010 24 73.6 29 8.3 18.6 113.4
20 8.05.2010 24 75.4 37 9.4 18.9 113.6
21 14.05.2010 24 76.3 39 8.3 19.3 114.7
22 15.05.2010 24 74.7 42 6.7 15.5 111.9
23 21.05.2010 24 77.1 30 7.2 15.2 112.0
24 22.05.2010 24 75.4 28 9.5 17.4 112.6
25 28.05.2010 24 76.5 29 9.8 16.7 112.7
26 29.05.2010 24 75.9 27 9.5 16.5 110.6
MAX 78.2 48 10.2 19.3 114.7
MIN 72.3 26 6.7 13.9 110.6
AVERAGE 75.77 36.42 8.60 16.88 112.61
98 PERCENTILE 78.2 48 10 19.1 114.3
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Table - 3.11: AAQ Analysis for A8
A8: Gobindapur
Season: Summer
SL
NO.
Date of
Monitoring
Duration of
Monitoring
In Hrs
PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOx CO
1 05.03.2010 24 72.9 51 9.1 14.7 109.5
2 06.03.2010 24 78.2 49 6.8 17.1 110.5
3 12.03.2010 24 76.3 57 8.9 15.4 110.8
4 13.03.2010 24 77.7 48 7.2 18.2 110.5
5 19.03.2010 24 75.9 49 7.9 14.9 111.3
6 20.03.2010 24 78.2 52 8.1 16.3 111.3
7 26.03.2010 24 76.6 57 7.2 17.2 110.5
8 27.03.2010 24 77.4 46 8.5 18.2 111.2
9 02.04.2010 24 76.5 50 9.6 16.3 110.6
10 03.04.2010 24 76.2 35 7.6 17.7 108.6
11 09.04.2010 24 78.4 58 8.4 15.9 110.5
12 10.04.2010 24 74.9 57 9.1 18.2 109.6
13 16.04.2010 24 76.3 38 8.5 16.6 109.5
14 17.04.2010 24 74.2 41 7.4 15.1 109.3
15 23.04.2010 24 78.2 39 6.9 12.3 110.2
16 24.04.2010 24 72.3 42 7.5 14.3 108.9
17 30.04.2010 24 74.3 48 8.2 13.3 109.5
18 01.05.2010 24 73.3 56 9.1 13.6 110.3
19 07.05.2010 24 73.6 51 6.7 13.6 110.8
20 08.05.2010 24 73.6 40 7.1 15.4 111.3
21 14.05.2010 24 75.4 44 8.2 16.3 111.4
22 15.05.2010 24 72.3 56 7.6 14.7 109.3
23 21.05.2010 24 74.7 57 7.9 17.1 109.4
24 22.05.2010 24 77.1 38 9.2 15.4 110.5
25 28.05.2010 24 76.5 42 8.5 16.5 112.6
26 29.05.2010 24 75.9 46 9.3 14.4 111.4
MAX 78.4 58 9.6 18.2 112.6
MIN 72.3 35 6.7 12.3 108.9
AVERAGE 75.65 47.96 8.09 15.71 110.35
98 PERCENTILE 78.3 57.5 9.45 18.2 112
The concentration of carbon monoxide found well below the prescribed limit of
1000 microgram/cum. PM10 and PM2.5 values at all stations are much below the
norms indicated below.
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Table - 3.12: AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS (Microgram/cum)
Area Category PM10 SO2 NOX CO Time weighted average
A Industrial and mixed
carbon zone
100 120 120 5000
(8hr.)
24 hour
------do------ 60 80 80 --- Annual average
B Residential and rural
area
100 80 80 4000
(1 hr)
24 hour
------do------ 60 60 60 2000
(8 hr)
Annual average
C Sensitive 100 30 30 2000
(1 hr)
24 hour
------do------ 60 15 15 1000
(8 hr)
Annual average
(Source: Air Prevention and Control of Pollution Act, 1981 and National Ambient Air
Quality Standards of CPCB 1994)
3.4 DUST FALL
Dust fall kits were placed at each permanent station of core and buffer zone for a
continuous period of one month during study period (March 2010-May 2010) to
know the concentration of dust. Dust fall data are presented in the Table 3.5.
As there is no prescribed limit of Indian Standard for dust fall, the data obtained
have been compared with German norms. The norms as published in Ta LUFT,
1986 are as follows.
Maximum Concentrations:
Annual arithmetic mean -0.35g/sq.m/day or 10.5 tonne/sq.km./month
98 percentile value -0.65g/sq.m/day or 19.5 tonne/sq.km/month
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Table - 3.13: DUST FALL RATE
Season: Summer
Sl.No. Station Code Stations Dust fall (Tonne/sq.km/month)
01 D1 Mining Lease Area 3.2
02 D2 Dadwan Village 3
03 D3 Chamakpur Village 2.9
04 D4 Bansapani 2.5
05 D5 Bileipada 1.9
06 D6 Raikora 2.4
07 D7 Roirha 2.3
08 D8 Kamalpur 1.9
09 D9 Jogudidar 2.6
3.5 NOISE LEVEL
To evaluate the noise characteristics of the area nine stations were chosen.
Monitoring was done on hourly basis for a continuous period of one day during
the study season and presented as minimum and maximum values in Table 3.6.
The standard of various noise levels for different zones in respect of day and night
is shown in Table 3.7.
Table - 3.14: NOISE LEVEL MONITORING (DBA)
Season: Summer
Sl.
No.
Station
Code Station
Date of
Monitoring
Day Night
Max Min Max Min
1 N1 Mining
Lease Area 01.03.2010 to 31.05.2010
59.5 38.9 44.1 35.7
2 N2 Dadwan
Village 01.03.2010 to 31.05.2010
53.2 38.6 41.3 35.2
3 N3 Chamakpur
Village 01.03.2010 to 31.05.2010
53.3 37.1 41.6 34.7
4 N4 Bansapani 01.03.2010 to 31.05.2010 52.7 38.2 40.9 34.9
5 N5 Bileipada 01.03.2010 to 31.05.2010 53.2 38.6 41.3 35.2
6 N6 Raikora 01.03.2010 to 31.05.2010 53.1 39.8 40.6 35.6
7 N7 Roirha 01.03.2010 to 31.05.2010 51.7 37.0 39.7 33.9
8 N8 Kamalpur 01.03.2010 to 31.05.2010 54.3 38.8 41.9 35.4
9 N9 Jogudidar 01.03.2010 to 31.05.2010 52.9 38.4 40.3 34.8
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Table 3.15: STANDARDS WITH RESPECT TO AMBIENT NOISE LEVEL
Landuse Category Limit in dBA
Day time Night time
Industrial area 75 70
Commercial area 65 55
Residential area 55 45
Silence area 50 40
(Source: Air Prevention and Control of Pollution Act, 1981)
Note:
a) Day time : 06:00 A.M. to 09:00 P.M.
b) Night time : 10:00 P.M. to 05:00 A.M.
c) Silence zone Hospital, Sanitarium, Educational Institution,
Wild Life Sanctuary and Courts (within 100 meter
around these locations)
Parameters Measured During Monitoring
For noise levels measured over a given period of time interval, it is possible
describe important features of noise using statistical quantities. This is calculated
using the percent of the time certain noise levels are exceeded during the time
interval. The notation of the statistical quantities of the noise levels is described
below.
L10 is noise level exceeded 10% of the time
L50 is noise level exceeded 50% of the time and
L90 is noise level exceeded 90% of the time
Equivalent Sound Pressure Level (Leq.)
The Leq is the equivalent continuous sound level that is equivalent to the same
sound energy as the actual fluctuating sound measured in the same period. This is
necessary because sound from noise source often fluctuates widely during a given
period of time.
This is calculated from the following equation:
Leq (hrly) = [L50+ (L10 – L90)2] / 60
Lday: Defined as the equivalent noise level measured over a period of time
during day (06 A.M - 09 P.M).
Lnight: Defined as the equivalent noise level measured over period of time during
night (09P.M - 06A.M).
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3.6 WATER REGIME
3.6.1 EXISTING SURFACE WATER BODY
There is one nalla flowing West to East cuts across the area almost along the
central part. This nalla is seasonal in nature, remaining dry during summer
months and it forms a tributary to River Baitarani. It can be seen from plate No.
2, Baitarani River, which is the most prominent river in the region, flows very
close to the eastern boundary of the area and it carries water throughout the year.
3.6.2 WATER LEVEL CONDITIONS
Ground water in the area occurs under pheratic and semi confined conditions in
weathered and fractured stone. Water being a dynamic resource changes its level
continuously depending on its extraction and recharge. The depth of water level
below ground level also varies depending on the local topography, geology and
hydro geological conditions etc.
The depth to water level in post monsoon ranges from 40-80 m in the study area.
3.6.3 GROUND WATER RECHARGE FOR MINE LEASE AREA
The rainfall infiltration method is one of the best methods suggested in ground
water assessment methodology of CGWB 1999 for first approximation of ground
water resources of an area that receives good amount of rainfall. The study area
consisting of 114.930 Ha receives about 1288.3 mm rainfalls annually.
Since the area is occupied by the hard, massive rock, rainfall infiltration is slow,
the standard infiltration factor 10% of the total annual rainfall as mentioned in
CGWB 1997 report is assumed.
Annual Ground Water recharge= Area x Average annual rainfall x infiltration
factor = 114.930 ha x 1.2883m x 0.1 = 14.806 Ham.
3.6.4 WATER QUALITY
14 nos. of water samples (7 grounds and 7 surface water, Fig. 3.1) were collected
from different locations both from core and buffer zone during the study period.
The ground water samples were analyzed and compared with IS 10500 (Table
3.9). All the surface water samples collected are analyzed as per IS 2296 (Table
3.10). It is observed that all the parameters were within the prescribed limit.
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Table – 3.16: GROUND WATER LEVEL MONITORING
Sl. No. Name of the Village Water Level (bgl,m)
1 Dadwan Village 10
2 Chamakpur Village 30
3 Bansapani 40
4 Bileipada 35
5 Raikora 7
6 Roirha 5
7 Kamalpur 10
8 Jogudidar 15
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Table - 3.17: GROUND WATER ANALYSIS RESULT Season: Summer Season (March 2010 to May 2010)
Sl. No. Parameters Units Standards GW1 GW2 GW3 GW4 GW5 GW6 GW7
1 Colour -- Colourless Colourless Colourless Colourless Colourless Colourless Colourless Colourless
2 Odour ---- Odourless Odourless Odourless Odourless Odourless Odourless Odourless Odourless
3 pH ---- 6.5-8.5 6.6 6.71 6.75 6.62 6.74 6.82 6.59
4 Dissolved oxygen mg/l 3.0 (min) 7.31 9.17 7.53 4.83 6.6 5.48 6.71
5 T.D.S mg/l 500 26.6 21.9 25.5 26.3 122 69.8 95.2
6 Suspended solid mg/l ---- 2.4 20.4 9.5 5.1 2.1 1.8 2.3
7 Chloride as Cl mg/l 250 6.95 9.44 11.93 7.45 8.95 12.42 10.01
8 Sulphate as SO4 mg/l 200 1.5 6.2 2.5 1.7 3.1 1.4 2.3
9 Cyanide as CN mg/l 0.05 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
10 Fluoride as F mg/l 1 BDL BDL BDL 0.1 BDL BDL BDL
11 Phosphate as PO4 mg/l ---- 0.058 0.109 0.103 0.073 0.077 0.092 0.081
12 Ammonia as NH3 mg/l ---- BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
13 Boron as B mg/l 1 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
14 Calcium as Ca mg/l 75 1.8 1.9 1.1 1.5 12.6 10.3 11.7
15 Magnesium as Mg mg/l 30 2.72 2.94 2.51 2.72 18.02 13.14 15.21
16 Arsenic as As mg/l 0.05 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
17 Barium as Ba mg/l ---- BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
18 Cadmium as Cd mg/l 0.01 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
19 Total Chromium mg/l 0.1 0.02 0.022 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
20 Hexavalent Chromium mg/l 0.05 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
21 Copper as Cu mg/l 0.05 BDL 0.016 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
22 Iron as Fe mg/l 0.3 0.14 0.12 0.23 0.18 0.18 0.13 0.21
23 Selenium as Se mg/l 0.01 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
24 Silver as Ag mg/l ---- BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
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25 Zinc as Zn mg/l 5 0.024 0.025 0.014 0.013 0.012 0.015 BDL
26 Phenol mg/l 0.001 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
27 Pesticides mg/l Absent BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
28 Radioactive substance mg/l ---- BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
Standard: IS 10500
Ground Water Sample Locations:
GW1: Dadwan Tube well GW2: Chamakpur Tube well GW3:-Bansapani Well GW4: Raikora Tube well
GW5: Kankana Well GW6: Shankarpur Tube well GW7:-Kundurpani Tube well
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Table - 3.18: ANALYSIS OF SURFACE WATER SAMPLES Season: Summer Season (March 2010 to May 2010)
Sl. No. Parameters Units Standards SW1 SW2 SW3 SW4 SW5 SW6 SW7
1 pH --- 6.5 - 8.5 7.06 6.69 6.97 6.75 7.47 7.14 7.75
2 Colour --- Colourless Colourless Colourless Colourless Colourless Colourless Colourless Colourless
3 Odour ---- Odourless Odourless Odourless Odourless Odourless Odourless Odourless Odourless
4 Total solids mg/1 ---- 58.9 72.9 68.5 16.4 69 80.4 47.6
5 Total suspended solids mg/1 ---- 8.2 33.5 15.3 5.2 20.1 3.9 10.6
6 Total dissolved solids mg/1 1500 50.7 39.4 53.2 11.2 48.9 76.5 37
7 Oil and Grease µg/1 ---- 0.456 0.645 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
8 Total residual chlorine mg/1 0.2 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
9 Total Kjeldahl nitrogen as N. mg/1 ---- 0.753 0.592 1.624 0.248 0.714 0.46 0.488
10 Free ammonia as NH3 mg/1 50 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
11 COD mg/1 ---- 4 4.3 4.45 4.1 11.4 3.4 2.6
12 BOD (3 days as 27oC) mg/1 3 1.5 2.18 2.02 1.85 3.81 --- ---
13 Arsenic as As mg/1 0.2 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
14 Mercury as Hg mg/1 ---- BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
15 Lead as Pb mg/1 0.1 0.009 0.012 0.008 BDL 0.019 BDL 0.01
16 Total chromium as Cr. mg/1 2 BDL BDL BDL 0.012 0.024 0.015 0.015
17 Hexavalent Chromium as Cr. mg/1 0.05 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
18 Copper as Cu. mg/1 3 0.012 0.024 0.023 0.01 0.024 0.016 0.01
19 Cadmium as Cd mg/1 0.01 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
20 Zinc as Zn. mg/1 15 0.027 0.034 0.026 0.016 0.045 0.022 0.022
21 Selenium as Se. mg/1 0.05 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
22 Nickel as Ni. mg/1 ---- BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
23 Boron as B. mg/1 2 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
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P
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1
24 Cyanides as Cy. mg/1 0.05 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
25 Chlorides as Cl. mg/1 600 9.94 6.95 11.43 6.96 9.94 9.94 7.95
26 Nitrates as NO3 mg/1 50 0.048 0.507 1.296 0.094 0.338 0.319 0.395
27 Fluorides as F. mg/1 1.5 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
28 Dissolved phosphates as PO4 mg/1 5 0.103 0.231 0.109 0.135 0.231 0.077 0.051
29 Sulphate as SO4 mg/1 400 3.9 5.6 4.2 0.79 3.8 0.57 2.3
30 Iron as Fe. mg/1 5 0.18 0.42 0.35 0.43 1.63 0.89 0.73
31 Silicate as SiO2 mg/1 ---- 6.5 10.4 7.9 6.3 7.7 8 8.2
32 Phenolic compounds mg/1 0.005 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
33 Residual pesticides mg/1 Absent BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL
34 Sodium as Na mg/1 60(Max) 0.18 0.89 0.62 1.6 0.6 2.3 1.1
35 Calcium as Ca. mg/1 75 4.2 3.5 2.1 0.8 2.4 6.4 2.3
36 Magnesium as Mg. mg/1 30 8.6 3.21 8.64 2.4 8.64 12.53 6.34
Standard IS 2296, Class – A, Inland Surface Water
Surface Water Sample Locations:
SW1:Sona nala (up stream) SW2 : Sona nala (down stream) SW3: River Baitarani (down steam)
SW4: River Baitarani (up steam) SW5: Kadua Nala (up stream) SW6: Kadua Nala (up stream)
SW7:Dolpaharg pond waters
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3.7 SOIL CHARACTERISTICS
Soil samples were collected from six locations (Figure 3.1) in the study season
and were analyzed to know the soil type, moisture content, nutrients level and
other chemical parameters of the soil. The analysis results of the samples are
indicated in Table 3.11.
Table - 3.19: ANALYSIS RESULT OF SOIL SAMPLES Season: Post Monsoon (September 2010 to November 2010)
Sl.
No.
Parameters Units S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6
1 pH ---- 6.40 6.43 6.46 6.39 6.66 6.54
2 E.C µS/cm 41.92 46.8 44.9 48.2 46.1 43.9
3 Bulk density gm/c.c 1.15 1.06 1.09 1.22 1.05 1.12
4 Organic
matter
% 2.18 1.29 2.09 1.69 1.41 2.26
5 Chloride % 0.005 0.004 0.005 0.007 0.003 0.008
6 Sand % 43 68.3 50.3 61.2 55.2 59.8
7 Silt % 46.4 28.8 41.3 25.1 31.6 21
8 Clay % 10.6 2.9 8.4 13.7 13.2 19.2
9 Texture % Loamy
sand
Loamy
sand
Loamy
sand
Loamy
sand
Loamy
sand
Loamy
sand
10 Porosity % 43.3 29 34 38 30 36
11 Water
holding
% 16.0 44.5 39.2 37.6 40.1 35.2
12 Organic
carbon
% 1.27 0.75 1.21 0.98 0.82 1.31
13 K ppm 0.035 0.032 0.031 0.29 0.39 0.34
Soil Sample Locations
S1: Project Area S2: Sargitali S3: Jalhari
S4: Kamarjorha S5: Raikora S6: Kudapi
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3.8 LEACHABILITY STUDY OF OB & ORE
The leachability study is conducted for both iron and manganese ore and over
burden. A five stage sequential leaching procedure viz. exchangeable(F1),
carbonate(F2), reducible(F3), organic(F4) & residual(F5), was used to fractionate
heavy metals (Fe, Mn. & Cr.) for ore and overburden materials in different pH
and temperatures following a standard procedure of Tessier et at, 1979. Out of
these stages, exchangeable (i.e. with 1M MgCl2 at pH 7.0 for 1hour agitation at
300C) and carbonate (i.e. with NaOAc at pH 5.0 with HOAc for 5 hrs agitation at
300C) occurs at normal condition where as rest are in extreme conditions. In the
normal phase, Fe, Mn and Cr show very negligible percentage of leachability. As
per criteria for risk assessment code (Perin et al, 1985) indicated in Table – 3.12,
results (Table – 3.13) are showing no environment risk with respect to heavy
metal Fe, Mn. and Cr.
Table - 3.20: CRITERIA FOR RISK ASSESSMENT CODE (PERIN ET AL., 1985)
Risk % of Metal in easily leachable phases (F1 +F2)
No risk <1
Low risk 1–10
Medium risk 10–30
High risk 30–50
Very high risk >50
Table – 3.21: RESULT OF LEACHATE STUDY & ENVIRONMENT RISK
Sl.
No
Type of
OB/ore
% of Fe
in F1 & F2
Risk % of Mn
in F1 & F2
Risk % of Cr
in F1 & F2
Risk
1 Iron Ore 0.899 No Risk 0.269 No Risk 0.610 No Risk
2 Manganese
Ore
0.648 No Risk 0.226 No Risk 0.660 No Risk
3 OB (1) 0.209 No Risk 0.750 No Risk 0.450 No Risk
4 OB (2) 0.751 No Risk 0.938 No Risk 0.703 No Risk
3.9 LAND-USE PATTERN
3.9.1 CORE ZONE
Most of the ML area of 43.568 ha. belongs to waste land category. There is no
forest land involved for this project. The mine being an old one, it has been
explored to some extent. The existing land use pattern of the lease area during the
operation of the mine is as follows.
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Table – 3.22: OPERATIONAL LAND-USE PATTERN
Type of land Use At
present
(Ha)
Additional
area
during the
Scheme
period
(Ha)
Total
(Ha)
As at the
conceptual
period in
Hectares
As at the
final
closure
plan
period in
Hectares
Area under excavation 19.754 6.08 25.834 33.42 33.42
Overburden Dump 7.116 5.106 12.222 16.67 0
Mineral storage 3.246 0.190 3.436 2.64 0
Storage for top-soil 0 0 0 0 0
Sub grade storage 0 0.528 0.528 0.53 0
Infrastructure(Crusher,rest
shelter,Administrative
building)
1.518 0.008 1.526 1.47 1.47
Township 0 0 0 0 0
Roads 1.74 0.247 1.987 1.19 1.19
Green belt (Safety zone) 0 0.348 0.348 7.70 7.70
Ancillary activities
including float mining 27.363 0 27.363 12.14 0
Retaining wall, garland
drain & settling tank around
dump, mineral stack yard,
sub-grade stack yard and
check dam along nala
0 1.72 1.72 1.72 0
Area for future exploration
and mining 0 0 0 37.45 0
Total 60.737 14.227 74.964 114.93 43.78
3.9.2 BUFFER ZONE
The land use pattern of the area around 10 Kms. radius of core zone (buffer zone)
is presented in Table 3.14 and Figure 3.4.
Table - 3.23: LAND-USE PATTERN OF BUFFER ZONE
CATEGORY OF LAND USE AREA IN Ha
BARREN ROCKY 83.39
CROP LAND 7978.55
DENSE FOREST 1375.10
INDUSTRY 294.78
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MINING AREA 1897.34
OPEN FOREST 6674.54
PLANTATION 70.07
POND 43.66
RESERVOIR 50.46
RIVER 356.79
ROAD 120.38
SCRUB FOREST 2960.08
SCRUB LAND 10510.37
SETTLEMENT 1832.60
WHS 10.48
Total 34258.59
The area doesn‟t have any wildlife sanctuary/ migratory root that exists within the study
area. Most of the study area belongs to forest category.
Fig: 3- 7: Land Use map of study area
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3.10 BIODIVERSITY
Orissa contains a great wealth of biological diversity in its forests, its wetlands
and in its marine area. It has varied and wide spread forests harbouring dry
deciduous, moist deciduous forests as well as mangroves with several unique,
endemic, rare and endangered floral and faunal species. Orissa is one of the
richest bio-diversity regions in Southeast Asia.
Keonjhar being a district of Orissa and having a number of reserved forests also
contains large variety of flora and fauna. The area contains different species of
amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals. A variety of flora species namely
piasal, teak, bija, sisoo, ashan, harida, sidha, mai, char, kumbhi, genduli, salia
bambooetc are found in the area. However, as the lease area doesn‟t contain any
forest land. Hence, no endangered flora or fauna is found in the core zone. The
buffer zone of the area contains reserved forests. A detailed study has been
carried out to have information about the biodiversity of the area, the details of
which have been described in the following paragraphs. From the study it was
found that there is no endangered flora or fauna found over there. The project
being an existing one will not affect the biodiversity of the area. However, it is
proposed to plant local species and medicinal plants during plantation in order to
maintain the biodiversity to some extent.
3.10.1 WILDLIFE CONSERVATION PLAN
There is no National Park, Sanctuary, Bio-sphere reserve, Wildlife corridor,
tiger/elephant reserve existing within 10 Km of the mine lease. Map showing
Wildlife Sanctuary and Wildlife reserves and national parks duly authenticated
by DFO-cum-Wildlife Warden, Bonai is given in Fig.3.5. As per the study no
endangered or Schedule – I faunas are found in this region.
It is proposed to have a wildlife conservation system in the mines and periphery.
For the purpose of wildlife management on corpus fund, alternate cropping, solar
lighting to prevent plant loss, awareness and eco-development measures will be
undertaken. It also includes management on protection of forests, prevention of
forest fire, prevention of poaching, soil and moisture conservation, roads
(minimize the approach road by utilizing only one road), blasting (only in the
fixed time, the afternoon), preventing fall of animals in mine pits by fencing the
boundary of the mining pits, lighting, dust and awareness.
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3.10.2 FOREST AREA
There is no forest within the ML area. However, the study area does have several
categories of forest land. The area does not harbor any rare or endangered plant
species.
Fig: 3- 8: Forest map of study area
3.10.3 FLORA
Vegetation near the site is sparse and dominated by annual weeds. The entire area
is mostly open with very few trees, shrubs and few scattered patches of forests.
Shrubby vegetation is noted along the road margins of the croplands. Typical
plant species available in the study area, listed below in Table 3.15 is
authenticated by DFO.
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Table - 3.24: FLORA SPECIES (CORE ZONE)
Local Name Botanical Name Family
Achu Morinda pubescens Rubiaceae
Amba Mangifera indica Anacardiaceae
Ambada Spondias binnata Anacardiaceae
Amla Phyllanthus emblica Euphorbiaceae
Ankula Alangium salvifolium Coronaceae
Asan Terminalia alata Combretaceae
Arjun Terminalia arjun Combretaceae
Bahada Terminalia bellirica Combretaceae
Bel Aegle marmelos Rutaceae
Barkoli Ziziphus ziziphus Rhamnaceae
Baruna Crataeva religios Capparideceae
Bandhan Desmodium oojeinensis Fabaceae
Bana Bhalia Semecarpus anacardium Anacardiaceae
Bheru Chloroxylon swietiana Meliaceae
Char Buchanania lanzan Anacardiaceae
Chhatian Alstonia scholaris Apocynaceae
Chauli Cassine surrattensis Caesalpiniaceae
Dhaman Grewia tillaefolia Tiliaceae
Dhaura Anogeissus latifolia Combretaceae
Dimiri Ficus religosia Moraceae
Gangasioli Nyctanthes arbortristis Oleaceae
Gahmari Gmelina arborea Verbenaceae
Giridhini Sterculia urens Sterculiaceae
Kuruma Adina cordifolia Rubiaceae
Kusum Schleichera oleosa Sapindaceae
Kumbhi Careya arborea Barringtoniaceae
Kadam Anthocephalus chinensis Rubiaceae
Karanja Pongamia pinnata Fabaceae
Karda Cleistanthus collinus Euphorbiaceae
Khakada Casearia elliptica Flacourtiaceae
kendu Diospyros melanooxylon Ebenaaceae
Kukudahadi Adina cordifolia Rubiaceae
Kumbhi Careyarborea barringtoniaceae Barrigtoniaceae
Kasi Brdelia retusa Euphorbiaceae
Muturi Smilax macrophylla Smilaceae
Neam Azadirchata indica Meliaceae
Piasal Pterocarpus marsupium Fabaceae
Pijuli Psidium guajava Myrtaceae
Paldhua Erythrina variegata Fabaceae
Rai Dillenia pentagyna Dilleniaceae
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Sal Shorea robusta Dipterocarpaceae
Sidha Lagerstroemia parviflora Lythraceae
Simili Bobax ceiba Bombacaceae
Siris Albizzia lebbek Mimosaceae
Sisoo Dalvergia latifolia Fabaceae
Sunari Casia fistula Caesalpiniaceae
Mahula Madhuka indica Sapotaceae
Tental Albizzia srocera Phabaceae(Mimoseal)
Grasses
Khara grass Imperata cylindrical Gramineae
Shrubs/ Herbs
Arakha Calotropis giganta Asclepidaceae
Basanga Adhatoda vasica Acanthaceae
Dhatki Woodforida fruticosa Lythraceae
Giliri Indigofera cassioides Fabaceae
Jari Schefflera venulosa Araliaceae
Kurei Holarrhen antidysenterica Apcynaceae
Puksungha Ageratum conyzoides Asteraceae
Climbers
Muturi Smilax macrophylla Liliaceae
Atundi Combretum decandrum Combretacae
Baidanka Mucuna monosperma Papilonaceae
Bichhuati Urtica dioica Euphorbiaceae
Satabari Asparagus racemosus Lilkiaceae
Siali Bauninia vahlii Caeslpiniaceae
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Table - 3.25: FLORA SPECIES (BUFFER ZONE)
Local Name Botanical Name Family
Achu Morinda pubescens Rubiaceae
Amba Mangifera indica Anacardiaceae
Amla Embilica officianlis Euphorbiaceae
Ankula Alangium salvifolium Alangiaceae
Asan Terminalia alata Combretaceae
Bahada Treminalia bellirica Combretaceae
Bar Barkulia/ Dhoben Dalbergia paniculata Fabaceae
Barkoli/ Boro Ziziphus mauritiana Rhamnaceae
Bel Aegle marmelos Rutaceae
Bana Bhalia Semicarpus anacardium Anacardiaceae
Behenta Naringi crenulata Rutaceae
Bheru Chloroxylon swietiana Meliaceae
Char Buchanania lanzan Anacardiaceae
Chhatian Alstonia scholaris Apocynaceae
Dhaura Anogeissus latifolia Combretaceae
Dimiri Ficus hispida Moraceae
Haldu Adina cordifolia Rubiaceae
Harida Terminalia chebula Combretaceae
Jamun Syzyguum cumini Mytaceae
Kalucha Glochidion lanceolarium Euphorbiaceae
Karada Cleistanthus collinus Euphorbiaceae
Kendu Diospyros melanoxylon Ebenaceae
Kataranga Gardenia latifolia Rubiaceae
Kochila Strychnos nuxvomica Loganiaceae
Kumbhi Careya arborea Myrtaceae
Karanja Pongamia pinnata Fabaceae
Kasi Bridelia retusa Euphorbiaceae
Katakal Strychnos potatorum Loganiaceae
Kumbhi Careya arborea Myrtaceae
Kusum Schleichera oleosa Sapindaceae
Sal Shorea robusta Dipterocarpaceae
Sidha Lagerstroemia parviflora Lythraceae
Semul Bobax ceiba Bombacaceae
Siris Albizzia lebbek Mimosaceae
Sunari Casia fistula Caesalpiniaceae
Jari Ficus retufa Moraceae
Fanfena Oraxylon inducom Bignoneacea
Grasses
Khara grass Imperata cylindrical Gramineae
Phulabandhuni Thysanolaena maxima Gramineae
Shrubs/ Herbs
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Anantamula Hemidesmus indicus Asclepidaceae
Arakha Calotropis gigantia Asclepidaceae
Basanga Adhatoda vasica Acanthaceae
Dhatki Woodforida fruticosa Lythraceae
Kurei Holarrhena antidysenterica Apcynaceae
Climbers
Atundi Combretum decandrum Combretaceae
Baidanka Mucuna monosperma Papilonaceae
Bichhuati Urtica dioica Euphorbiaceae
Mututri Smylax macrophylla Liliaceae
Siali Bauhinia valii Papilonaceae
Satabari Asparagus racemosus Liliaceae
3.10.4 CROPS
The agricultural crops being down grown in the vicinity of the project area
include paddy, maize, pulses like arhar, oil seeds etc. All these crops are watered
by Monsoon rains.
3.10.5 RARE AND ENDANGERED FLORAL SPECIES
Floristic survey of both core and buffer zones of the leasehold area do not
encounter any such species that can be considered to be rare and endangered.
3.10.6 FAUNA
Varieties of fauna are rarely seen. From the earlier discussions on land-use and
floral resources in the area, it is observed that there is no forestland within the
applied lease area. The field study could record only the presence of common
birds and few mammals as listed in Table 3.16 is authenticated by DFO.
Table - 3.26 : FAUNA SPECIES (CORE ZONE)
Local Name English Name Scientific Name Schedulee
Bilua Jackle Canis aureus II Barha Wild boar Sus scrofa II
Neula Common mongoose Herpestes edwardsii II
Jhinka Porcupine Hystrix indica IV
Thekua Common Indian Hare Lepus nigricollis IV
Musa Rat Ratus ratus IV
Katas Wild cat Selisjilvehil IV
Bana Musa Pangolin Manis culionensis II
Reptiles
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Endua Chameleon Chameleon zeylaricus II
Boda sapa Common Boa Boa constricta IV
Dhamana Rat snake Ptyas mucosus II
Naga Indian Cobra Naja naja II
Godhi Yellow Monitor Varanus monitor II
Ajagar Indian Python Python molurus
Birds
Ban Kukuda Jungle fowl (Red) Gallus gallus II
Koili Asian cuckoo Endynamys scolopacea IV
Kapta Spotted dove Streptopelia decaocto IV
Kumbhatua Crow pheasant Centropus sinensis IV
Gunduri Patridge Francolinus pondicerianus IV
Sua Parrot Psittacula cyanosethla IV
Table - 3.27: FAUNA SPECIES (BUFFER ZONE)
Local Name English Name Scientific Name Schedule
Mammals
Bilua Jackle Canis aureus II
Harina Spotted Bear Axis axis III
Kutura Barking deer Muntiacus muntijack III
Musa Rat Ratus ratus IV
Neula Common mongoose Herpestes edwardsi II
Thekua Common Indian Hare Lepus nigricollis IV
Birds
Ban kukuda Jungle fowl (Red) Gallus gallus II
Koili Asian cuckoo Endynamys scolopacea IV
Kapta Spotted dove Streptopelia decaocto IV
Kumbhatua Crow peasant Centropus sinensis IV
Gunduri Patridge Francolinus IV
Reptiles
Boda sapa Common Boa Boa constricta IV
Dhamana Rat snake Ptyas mucosus II
Godhi Yellow monitor Varanus monitor II
Naga Indian Cobra Naja naja II
Bajrakapta Pangolini Manis IV
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3.11 STUDIES ON TRANSPORTATION AND TRAFFICKING
Due to enhancement in mining activity, transportation will increase. A study is
being carried out in order to have an idea about the increase in the traffic system
at different places. A report based on that study is as follows.
Table - 3.28: TRAFFICING REPORT
Place &
Date
Time
Dadwan
(15.03.2010)
Joda
(24.04.2010)
Chamakpur
(20.05.2010)
Heavy
Vehicle
Light
Motor
Vehicle
Heavy
Vehicle
Light
Motor
Vehicle
Heavy
Vehicle
Light
Motor
Vehicle
06-07 am 25 2 30 3 7 1
07-08 am 40 5 38 4 19 3
08-09 am 20 1 55 2 15 5
09-10 am 14 10 67 1 12 10
10-11 am 25 1 26 6 19 12
11-12 am 37 4 38 12 20 6
12-01 pm 20 8 30 13 25 15
01-02 pm 35 6 29 24 20 6
02-03 pm 15 3 37 16 19 10
03-04 pm 30 3 28 20 26 8
04-05 pm 37 1 36 13 19 3
05-06 pm 15 5 45 10 30 4
06-07 pm 20 10 49 7 28 8
07-08 pm 18 8 60 16 18 9
08-09 pm 12 15 35 15 16 6
09-10 pm 19 5 48 11 14 1
10-11 pm 17 9 35 5 19 0
11-12 pm 13 9 30 9 9 0
12-01 am 16 4 20 7 15 0
01-02 am 10 0 20 3 19 0
02-03 am 19 0 11 0 13 0
03-04 am 10 0 18 0 10 0
04-05 am 42 0 8 0 10 0
05-06 am 48 0 20 0 8 2
TOTAL 557 109 813 197 410 109
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Core zone and area around 10 km. radius of core zone of the project area were
taken into account for the socio-economic study. The detail socio-economic and
demographic profile is described in Annexure-I and Fig 3.6. The important
structures/installations within buffer zone are classified as.
1. Post Office 3 . Temples
2. Dispensary 4. Schools
3.12.1 POPULATION STATISTICS (AREA AROUND 10 KM RADIUS OF CORE
ZONE)
The statistical information has been summarized as follows.
Table - 3.29: Buffer Area Statistics
Parameter/Area Study Area Joda Block Keonjhar
District
Number of Village /town 35 villages
Total area 10km radius Whole Block Whole District
No. of households 6935 23860 326784
Total Population Male 15140 55637 790036
Female 14303 52582 771954
Total 29443 108219 1561990
Population (0-6 years) Male 2738 10063 124210
Female 2795 9900 119445
Total 5533 19963 243655
S.C. Population Male 1218 6008 91515
Female 1221 5957 89973
Total 2439 11965 181488
S.T. Population
Male 9980 28666 348666
Female 9715 27968 346475
Total 19695 56634 695141
Literacy Male 6449 27983 479337
Female 2744 15098 301581
Total 9131 43081 780918
Persons per Household 4.2 4.5 4.7
Table - 3.30: Buffer Area Worker Statistics
Distribution of Total
Workers
Composite Core
Zone
Composite
Buffer Zone
Study Area
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Cultivators 918 526 1444
Agricultural Laborers 1305 993 2298
Household Works 78 82 160
Other Industrial
Workers
3444 6199 9643
Total 5745 7800 13545
Table - 3.3: Buffer Area Livelihood Analysis
Area Cultivators Agricultural
Laborers
Household
Industry
Others
Composite
Core Zone
7.7% 10.9% 0.6% 29%
Composite
Buffer Zone
2.9% 5.6% 0.4% 35.2%
Study Area 4.9% 7.8% 0.5% 32.7%
3.12.2 SAMPLE SURVEY
Sample survey was carried out in the villages and the following points emerge
out of it.
S.T. population of 64.83 % dominates the area.
Agriculture does not provide sufficient sources of occupation in the area
but it is identified as the primary occupation of the people.
Level of literacy corresponds to level of poverty.
Employment in agricultural sector is seasonal and people look forward for
miscellaneous jobs for their survival in the lean months.
Mining could provide an important employment opportunity to the
workers.
Majority of the workers is addicted to country liquor that degenerate their
working abilities.
All the villages have dug wells and Hand pumps for drinking water.
All most all villages are provided with electricity, 9 villages have bus
stand which are 5 to 10 km away from rest of the villages. All of the
villages are connected with kuchha and pucca roads.
EIA & EMP REPORT PROPOSED IRON & MANGANESE ORE MINES
OF M/S. SRI BIKASH CHANDRA DEB.
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CHAPTER 4
ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION
4.0 INTRODUCTION
While providing essential minerals for the use in our economies, uncontrolled
mining can also have many adverse impacts on the environment and human
health. Potential impacts include air and water pollution, mine waste disposal and
land degradation. Hence, environmental impact assessment is essential for the
present environmental scenario.
The project activities as discussed in Chapter–2 have certain effects on various
environmental domains that exist in the area. A scientific assessment of these
impacts those are likely to influence the existing environmental scenario is
needed. This could also facilitate in formulating a suitable environmental
management plan depicting all mitigation measures. It can help in implementing
the project in an eco-friendly manner. The project activities influencing the
following environmental attributes have been studied and their impacts on the
following attributes have been assessed.
Land use pattern
Air Quality
Noise Quality
Water Quality
Ecological Condition
Socio-Economic Condition
The mining and allied activities in the proposed project area have influence on
environmental attributes. These attributes include:
Excavation
Construction of approach and haulage road
Drilling and Blasting
Loading and Transportation
Processing and Sizing of ores
Disposal of overburden/waste etc.
Stocking of low grade ores.
Site preparation
EIA & EMP REPORT PROPOSED IRON & MANGANESE ORE MINES
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The magnitude of the proposed mining activity being small is not likely to create
any serious impacts on the existing environmental set up of the area. However,
the likely impacts of the proposed mining and allied activities on the various
environmental parameters are discussed.
4.1 IMPACT ON LAND USE PATTERN
The ML being an existing one won‟t have much further impact on the
degradation of vegetation. The ML has both forest and non-forest category of
land. However, not much of the forest land is or shall be utilized for mining
activities till the conceptual period. During the conceptual period the total
degraded area in forest and non- forest land will be as follows.
Table 4.1: PROPOSED LAND-USE PATTERN
Type of land Use FOREST
(Ha.)
NON-FOREST
(Ha.)
TOTAL (Ha.)
Area under excavation 5.51 27.91 33.42
Overburden Dump 8.80 7.87 16.67
Mineral storage 0.30 2.34 2.64
Storage for top-soil 0 0 0
Sub grade storage 0.10 0.43 0.53
Infrastructure (Crusher, rest shelter,
administrative building etc.) 0.50 0.97 1.47
Township 0 0 0
Roads 0.25 0.94 1.19
Green belt (Safety Zone) 2.32 5.38 7.70
Retaining wall , garland drain & settling tank
around dump, mineral stack yard, sub-grade
stack yard and check dam along nala
0.75 0.97 1.72
Ancillary activities including float mining 6.11 6.03 12.14
Area for future exploration and mining 33.487 3.963 37.45
Total 58.127 56.803 114.93
4.2 IMPACT ON AIR QUALITY
The dust generated from mining activities is the primary source of air pollution.
The emission sources include excavation and mining of ore bodies, drilling,
blasting, screening/sizing and transportation within the project area. During air
quality monitoring it is observed that dust generation is of short term and settle
EIA & EMP REPORT PROPOSED IRON & MANGANESE ORE MINES
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quickly within close ranges. There is very less scope of spreading of dust
particles to the nearby residential areas as these operations are carried out at far
off distances from the habitation areas. Hence, human population is not directly
affected by the air pollution as the impact of dust generation. It is found that the
dust nuisance is not a problem due to deployment of water tankers with sprinklers
and keeps the haulage road surface wet resulting suppressed dust particles. It is
also observed that the dust nuisance is localized i.e. within the project area only.
Negligible amount of auto exhaust emissions also expected to found in the core
zone because of vehicular activities arising due to transportation of ores and
waste by dumpers and excavators closed by. However, there will be very little
impact on air quality due to automobiles. By plying more tipper dust shall be
generated from the road.
The prediction modeling has been carried out by using ISCST Method (Breeze
Soft ware) and with the proposed production target the predicted Ground Level
Concentration of Suspended Particulate Matter shall increase maximum upto
57.494Microgram per cubic meter at a distance of 1km in the south of the lease,
the resultant of which will be well within the prescribed limits.
Source Emission modelling
Air Quality Model
The impacts on air environment from the plant depends on various factors like
production capacity, plant configuration, process technology involved, type of
raw material used, type of fuel used, in plant control measures adopted and
operation and maintenance of the various units of the plant. Apart from these,
there will be other activities associated e.g., transportation of raw material and
finished products, storage facilities and material handling within plant premises
which may contribute to air pollution.
The cement Plant will affect the air quality parameters like PM, SO2, NOx and
CO. The other downstream units will emit dust and fumes. Apart from the above
there will be fugitive dust emissions due to transportation, storage and processing
of huge amount of ores and minerals raw materials. Needless to say the adequate
air pollution control measures will be taken up both at design and operational
stage to confirm the emission parameters within the standard limit.
The impact on air quality due to emission from a single source or group of
sources is evaluated by use of mathematical models. When the air pollutants
enter into the atmosphere, they transport and diffuse in the atmosphere resulting
in pollutant dilution. Air meteorology is the important factor in pollution status
evaluation. The air quality models are designed to simulate these processes
mathematically, and relate emission of primary pollutants to the resulting down-
EIA & EMP REPORT PROPOSED IRON & MANGANESE ORE MINES
OF M/S. SRI BIKASH CHANDRA DEB.
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wind direction. The model inputs are emission load and nature, meteorology and
topographic features.
4.2.1 INDUSTRIAL SOURCE COMPLEX SHORT –TERM (ISCST3) MODEL
The ISCST3 model is the most widely used model due its ability to handle both
flat and complex terrain, both point and non-point sources and its acceptance by
regulatory agencies. This model is a steady state Gaussian dispersion model. This
model is approved by USEPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency).
This model is also recognized by CPCB (Central Pollution Control Board) and
MoEF (Ministry of Environment and Forest). The complete equation for
Gaussian Dispersion Modeling is given below.
EIA & EMP REPORT PROPOSED IRON & MANGANESE ORE MINES
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Modeling output file
AERMOD ( 12060): G:\CR\EC Projects\MINES\Inganijharan Mines\Ingani
Jharan_Modeling\In 05/23/12
* MODELING OPTIONS USED: 15:21:05
* NonDFAULT CONC FLAT
* PLOT FILE OF PERIOD VALUES FOR SOURCE GROUP: ALL
* FOR A TOTAL OF 129 RECEPTORS.
* FORMAT: (3(1X,F13.5),3(1X,F8.2),2X,A6,2X,A8,2X,I8.8,2X,A8)
* X Y AVERAGE CONC ZELEV ZHILL ZFLAG AVE GRP
NUM HRS NET ID ____________ ____________ ____________ ______ ______
______ ______ ________
-10000.00000 -10000.00000 0.08309 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-8000.00000 -10000.00000 0.00298 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-6000.00000 -10000.00000 0.00066 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-4000.00000 -10000.00000 0.00071 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-2000.00000 -10000.00000 0.01129 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
0.00000 -10000.00000 0.15247 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
2000.00000 -10000.00000 0.01456 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
4000.00000 -10000.00000 0.00113 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
6000.00000 -10000.00000 0.02247 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
8000.00000 -10000.00000 0.22194 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
10000.00000 -10000.00000 0.30902 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-10000.00000 -8000.00000 0.30800 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-8000.00000 -8000.00000 0.10727 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-6000.00000 -8000.00000 0.00254 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-4000.00000 -8000.00000 0.00092 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-2000.00000 -8000.00000 0.00554 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
0.00000 -8000.00000 0.21600 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
2000.00000 -8000.00000 0.01035 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
EIA & EMP REPORT PROPOSED IRON & MANGANESE ORE MINES
OF M/S. SRI BIKASH CHANDRA DEB.
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Pag
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4000.00000 -8000.00000 0.00633 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
6000.00000 -8000.00000 0.19371 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
8000.00000 -8000.00000 0.45782 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
10000.00000 -8000.00000 0.02915 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-10000.00000 -6000.00000 0.11330 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-8000.00000 -6000.00000 0.43626 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-6000.00000 -6000.00000 0.14457 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-4000.00000 -6000.00000 0.00217 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-2000.00000 -6000.00000 0.00272 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
0.00000 -6000.00000 0.33385 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
2000.00000 -6000.00000 0.00655 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
4000.00000 -6000.00000 0.09421 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
6000.00000 -6000.00000 0.72586 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
8000.00000 -6000.00000 0.03026 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
10000.00000 -6000.00000 0.00123 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-10000.00000 -4000.00000 0.00474 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-8000.00000 -4000.00000 0.04594 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-6000.00000 -4000.00000 0.59883 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-4000.00000 -4000.00000 0.20595 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-2000.00000 -4000.00000 0.00289 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
0.00000 -4000.00000 0.58978 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
2000.00000 -4000.00000 0.01781 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
4000.00000 -4000.00000 1.20336 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
6000.00000 -4000.00000 0.02913 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
8000.00000 -4000.00000 0.00116 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
10000.00000 -4000.00000 0.00074 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-10000.00000 -2000.00000 0.00201 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-8000.00000 -2000.00000 0.00192 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-6000.00000 -2000.00000 0.01198 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-4000.00000 -2000.00000 0.45254 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
EIA & EMP REPORT PROPOSED IRON & MANGANESE ORE MINES
OF M/S. SRI BIKASH CHANDRA DEB.
Sadekar Enviro Engineers Pvt. Ltd
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-2000.00000 -2000.00000 0.31068 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
0.00000 -2000.00000 1.28645 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
2000.00000 -2000.00000 1.60063 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
4000.00000 -2000.00000 0.02228 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
6000.00000 -2000.00000 0.00202 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
8000.00000 -2000.00000 0.00263 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
10000.00000 -2000.00000 0.00482 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-10000.00000 0.00000 0.26608 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-8000.00000 0.00000 0.30898 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-6000.00000 0.00000 0.32420 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-4000.00000 0.00000 0.25888 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-2000.00000 0.00000 0.13267 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
0.00000 0.00000 5.66668 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
2000.00000 0.00000 0.16336 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
4000.00000 0.00000 0.58956 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
6000.00000 0.00000 0.85357 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
8000.00000 0.00000 0.82920 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
10000.00000 0.00000 0.70888 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-10000.00000 2000.00000 0.07507 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-8000.00000 2000.00000 0.04517 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-6000.00000 2000.00000 0.01819 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-4000.00000 2000.00000 0.00552 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-2000.00000 2000.00000 0.04379 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
0.00000 2000.00000 3.01052 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
2000.00000 2000.00000 4.26725 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
4000.00000 2000.00000 0.02481 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
6000.00000 2000.00000 0.04208 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
8000.00000 2000.00000 0.08401 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
10000.00000 2000.00000 0.13142 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-10000.00000 4000.00000 0.00076 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
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-8000.00000 4000.00000 0.00093 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-6000.00000 4000.00000 0.00145 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-4000.00000 4000.00000 0.06063 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-2000.00000 4000.00000 1.11253 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
0.00000 4000.00000 1.30858 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
2000.00000 4000.00000 0.01023 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
4000.00000 4000.00000 1.79171 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
6000.00000 4000.00000 0.10564 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
8000.00000 4000.00000 0.00521 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
10000.00000 4000.00000 0.00142 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-10000.00000 6000.00000 0.00063 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-8000.00000 6000.00000 0.00126 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-6000.00000 6000.00000 0.05540 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-4000.00000 6000.00000 0.97672 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-2000.00000 6000.00000 0.00787 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
0.00000 6000.00000 0.74371 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
2000.00000 6000.00000 0.00466 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
4000.00000 6000.00000 0.01813 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
6000.00000 6000.00000 0.83310 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
8000.00000 6000.00000 0.27019 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
10000.00000 6000.00000 0.01851 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-10000.00000 8000.00000 0.00142 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-8000.00000 8000.00000 0.04693 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-6000.00000 8000.00000 0.53430 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-4000.00000 8000.00000 0.07400 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-2000.00000 8000.00000 0.00171 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
0.00000 8000.00000 0.48206 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
2000.00000 8000.00000 0.01287 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
4000.00000 8000.00000 0.00113 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
6000.00000 8000.00000 0.02062 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
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8000.00000 8000.00000 0.47412 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
10000.00000 8000.00000 0.32565 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-10000.00000 10000.00000 0.03936 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-8000.00000 10000.00000 0.32239 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-6000.00000 10000.00000 0.21959 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-4000.00000 10000.00000 0.00311 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
-2000.00000 10000.00000 0.00222 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
0.00000 10000.00000 0.34047 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
2000.00000 10000.00000 0.02690 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
4000.00000 10000.00000 0.00078 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
6000.00000 10000.00000 0.00115 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
8000.00000 10000.00000 0.02069 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
10000.00000 10000.00000 0.30726 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208 UCART1
0.00000 0.00000 5.66668 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208
1240.00000 54.00000 0.44211 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208
6816.80000 -138.80000 0.58531 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208
4586.20000 -1033.80000 0.00779 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208
-2794.00000 95.20000 0.30767 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208
923.60000 1623.50000 3.25271 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208
1928.70000 -1956.40000 1.48038 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208
3374.50000 2835.20000 1.21296 10.00 10.00 0.00 PERIOD ALL 00002208
** CONCUNIT ug/m^3
** DEPUNIT g/m^2
EIA & EMP REPORT PROPOSED IRON & MANGANESE ORE MINES
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FIG: 4- 01: Isopleths of PM10 for the Proposed Project
A general inference can be drawn that the computed GLCs are less. The GLC
after implementation of the proposed project are also within the CPCB prescribed
standard, which is mentioned in the following Table No. 4.7. Such locations will
be only partly influenced by the proposed plant operational activities under
consideration.
TABLE NO. 4.1: RESULTANT CONCENTRATION AFTER IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROJECT
Location ID Locations PM10 in µg/m3 (Norm: 10 µg/m
3)
Background Incremental Resultant
AQ1 Mining Lease Area 75.80 5.666 81.466
AQ2 Near the Mining Site 71.44 0.442 71.882
AQ3 Sankarpur 66.74 0.585 67.325
G:\CR\EC Projects\MINES\Inganijharan Mines\Ingani Jharan_Modeling\Input\IJM\IJM.iscAERMOD View - Lakes Environmental Software
SCALE:
0 5 km
1:150,032
PROJECT NO.:
MODELER:
M/S. VCSPL
COMPANY NAME:
M/S. INGANI JHARAN MINES
COMMENTS:PROJECT TITLE:
PM10
SOURCES:
3
RECEPTORS:
129
OUTPUT TYPE:
Concentration
MAX:
5.66668 ug/m^3
ug/m
^3
PLO
T F
ILE
OF
PE
RIO
D V
ALU
ES
FO
R S
OU
RC
E G
RO
UP
: A
LL
0.001
0.001
0.630
1.260
1.889
2.519
3.148
3.778
4.408
5.037
5.667
0.63
0.63
0.63
0.63
0.6
3
0.63
0.6
3
0.63
1.2
6
1.2
61.26
1.89
1.89
2.52
3.15
-12000 -10000 -8000 -6000 -4000 -2000 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000
X-Direction [m]
-800
0-6
00
0-4
00
0-2
00
00
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
Y-D
irection [
m]
EIA & EMP REPORT PROPOSED IRON & MANGANESE ORE MINES
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AQ4 Rugudi 74.20 0.007 74.207
AQ5 Joda 74.30 0.307 74.607
AQ6 Dadua 76.71 3.252 79.962
AQ7 Chamakpur 7573 1.480 7574.48
AQ8 Godindapur 75.76 1.212 76.972
4.3 IMPACT ON NOISE QUALITY
As mentioned in Chapter-2 the proposed mining will be open cast semi
mechanized method. In this open cast semi-mechanized mining the various
sources of noise in the area are attributable mainly due to drilling, blasting,
operation of compressor, loading and haulage, operation of diesel pump and
vehicular traffic.
The operation will be done in single shift of eight hours duration. The various
sources of noise mentioned above shall only be periodical and is limited to a
fixed period of operation only. In addition to this, the transportation of ores might
cause a little effect on the noise level. The noise level result due to such
operations in the active working zones in the area do not indicate any serious
concern as it is well below in prescribed standard limit. All the instruments will
be taken care properly so as to maintain the noise level to the prescribed limit.
The various noise levels and their potential effects on the human being are noted
(Table 4.1). The ambient noise level data (Table 3.6) of the area on comparison
with the possible health hazards due to noise level (Table 4.1), it can be
concluded that there is no serious alarming effect due to mining.
Table No. 4.2: HEALTH HAZARDS BY DIFFERENT NOISE LEVELS
Sl.No. dB(A) Potential Effects
01 20 No sound perceived
02 25 Hearing threshold
03 35 Slight sleep interference
04 50 Moderate sleep interference
05 55 Annoyance (mild)
06 60 Normal speech level
07 70 Smooth muscles/glands react
08 75 Changed mortor coordination
09 80 Moderate hearing damage
10 85 Very annoying
11 90 Affect mental and mortor behaviour
12 95 Severe Hearing Damage
13 100 Awaken Everyone
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14 115 Maximum Vocal Effort
15 125 Pain Threshold
16 130 Limit Amplified Speech
17 135 Very painful
18 140 Potential of hearing loss high
4.4 IMPACT ON WATER QUALITY
Water is one of the most precious resources on the earth. There is a first order
stream flowing in the south-west corner of the ML. There will be a safety
distance of about 50m will be maintained from the stream, so that the impact of
the mining operation on the River will be minimum. And the will be discharged
to the River Baitarani after adequate treatment. Hence hydrology of the area will
not be affected to a great extent and diversion will not be required. The source of
water in the project area is from dug wells for domestic activities and for mining
activities seasonal nala flowing adjacent to the lease hold area will be utilized.
Dust suppression is being done by water spraying through water sprinkler limited
to haulage road and dumping area only. Rainwater flowing through the exposed
mine cuts would carry some sediments of laterite. These are found to be non-
toxic in nature. Surface runoff water from mines has only high turbidity during
monsoon. As discussed, the mining activity will require less quantity of water in
comparison to the recharging. Hence, it will not affect the water regime of the
area. Quarry water shall be treated before releasing to natural drainage system.
Working benches will be kept free from loose overburden/ waste materials and
maintained in a very slant manner so as to allow the surface run-off to flow out of
the working area. Retaining wall will be constructed around the dump to prevent
washing up of the loose sediments. Surface runoff will be properly diverted in to
the original channel of flow beyond the quarry limit. This flowing water will be
kept free of any contamination. Hence the surface water will not be affected to
larger extent. The drainage from the area will be minimal.
As discussed in chapter–3 the annual ground water recharge will be 14.806 Ham.
For facilitating mining and allied activities water requirement will be 100m3 per
day and is proposed to meet from surface watercourse. However, ground water
discharge will increase as the mining work will loose the ground level. Water
requirement for the area is given in Figure 4.2.
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It is further noted that, due to excavation of hard rock the filtration rate will
increase. So, due to mining the ground water recharge will increase as
requirement of water is very small in comparison to the availability and ground
water recharge. Hence, on ground water impact will be marginal.
The lease area falls in hilly region. The ground water table is available at 460m.
With progress of mine depthward, ground water shall cause problems both in the
North Block & South Block. So, it is proposed to be pumped into the duct that
provideslinkage to the link channels constructed for surface water drainage.
Hence, the working will not touch the ground water table.
In case of deeping of mines beyond 460 mRL, Dewatering of the mines shall run
as a regular feature. So, pumping shall be made to nearest reservoir depending
upon the situational demand.
The water table remains below the quarry floor (not yet touched) in Iron Ore
portion. But in Chudia Mn. Pit water percolation has started. So ground quarry
dewatering shall be done for Mn. At the NW corner of the block just south of the
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perennial Nala a Deep Settling Tank over (70m x 60m) area is under making into
which witer from that pit shall be siphoned which in turn shall be drained in to
the perennial nala so that direct discharge is avoided and pollution controlled.
By way of safety zone, a 15m strip has been left on both sides of the perennial
nala passing across the lease so that nala is not physically distorted.
4.5 IMPACT ON TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE
As this is an existing mine, the pollution due to plying of tippers for
transportation of ore will not increase in a large amount. More tippers will ply
after expansion of the mine. Two to three times water sprinkling will be done to
minimize the impact of the pollution. Regular maintenance of the road will be
done in order to make it capable to handle the load.
4.6 IMPACT ON ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS
The proposed of mining operation shall have little impact on the existing
ecological conditions, as the project area is already broken-up to some extent.
The additional area required to be diverted for mining is having very less
vegetation cover. Afforestation has already been done in some un-worked area as
well as back filled mined out area and re-handled existing dump of the lease. The
nalla flowing within the ML will be remain untouched since it is located in the
non-mineralized zone.
4.7 IMPACT ON HEALTH OF THE LOCAL POPULATION
Due to mining operation pollution will occur due to air, water and noise. All
these parameters may have some impact on the health of mine workers like
asthma, bronchitis, respiratory problems, problem in lungs etc. However, it can
be mitigated by regular water sprinkling and provision of personal protective
equipments for the employees. The project being small won‟t have major impact
on the health of local population. The dust due to transportation will be
suppressed by 3 to 4 times water sprinkling of the roads. Plantation will be taken
care of.
4.8 IMPACT ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS
The proposed enhancement activities of the project shall have major beneficial
and more or less negligible adverse impacts on the following domains.
4.8.1 EMPLOYMENT
Priority will be given to local people according to their qualification for
employment. The project will contribute direct employment scope for about 349
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persons including skilled, semi-skilled and un-skilled mine workers, crushing
plant labourers, supervisory staffs, mining engineers, mechanical engineer,
geologists and surveyors. The project will also generate some indirect
employment for the locality.
4.8.2 EDUCATION
The project activities shall create awareness with the local people for preferring
permanent services than periodical agricultural activities. The activities will help
them to analyse the importance of education. With the increased amount of
income people can send their children to nearby schools. The implementation of
this project shall naturally augment the education status of the local people. These
schools are taking care of the local students in their study. But the Project
proponent has decided to improve the literacy level of the local peoples with the
elders also.
4.8.3 COMMUNICATION
The lease area is approachable from Joda(Town as well as Railway station) at
distance of 5 kms towards West from the site. Nearest Highway is SH or NH-23
distance of 5kms towards west from the site.Nearest air port is at Bhubaneswar
and Port at Paradeep. Implementation of this mining project shall definitely add
to the existing communication facilities.
4.9 SCOOPING PROCESS
As it is evident, due to mining activities the environment of the area in respect of
air and land use shall be adversely affected. Due to activities like drilling,
blasting and transportation shall have affected the air environment of the area.
The SPM level shall go up.
It is also noted that due to the proposed activity forest land shall be degraded with
cutting of tree species cause degradation of floral environment of the area. In
order to mitigate the above adverse effect project proponent has to take required
steps to minimize the affect. Adverse effect in respect of air shall be mitigated by
Construction of well compacted roads.
Regular water spraying on roads and waste dumps by tankers.
Provision of dust collectors for the drilling machines
Controlled blasting
Supply of dust masks for the drill operators
Plantation of wide leaf trees, creepers, tall grasses around quarry sites,
waste dumps, roads, colony and other surrounding barren zones.
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Land degradation affect shall be mitigated by proper plantation programme and
reclamation programme.
4.10 MITIGATION MEASURES :
The various mitigation measures, covering both physical as well as socio-
economic factors, to analyzing the adverse environmental impacts are proposed
to be taken up for the following environmental components.
Degradation of land/soil
Degradation of natural vegetation cover/forest
Pollution of air
Noise pollution
Disturbance of habitat
Disposal and management of waste
Socio-economic measures
Occupational safety and health
Various mitigative measures for all these environmental components are
discussed in Chapter- 10.
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CHAPTER 5
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM
5.0 INTRODUCTION
The mitigation measures suggested above should be implemented so as to reduce
the impact on environment due to the operations of the proposed mining
activities. In order to facilitate easy implementation, the mitigation measures are
phased as per the priority of implementation. The implementation schedule is
given as below. (Table No. 5.1).
Table 5.1: IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE
Sl.
No.
Recommendations Time Requirement
(Months)
Immediate Progressive Depending on the
Discretion of the
Management of the
Proposed Mine
1 Air pollution
control measures
Before
commissioning of
respective units
* -- --
2 Water pollution
control measures
Before
percolation/seepage
and dewatering
status
* -- --
3 Noise control
measures
Along with the
commissioning of
the mine project
* -- --
4 Ecological
preservation and
upgradation
Stagewise
implementation
* * --
5 Land
reclamation/Soil
waste management
Stagewise
implementation
* * --
6 Socio-economic
measures
As per the policies of
the Orissa Govt. and
the need of the local
residents
*
Note (*) indicates implementation of recommendations
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5.1 ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PROGRAMME
The monitoring of various environmental parameters is necessary which is a part
and a parcel of the environmental protection measures. Monitoring is as
important as that of control of pollution since the efficiency of control measures
can only be determined by monitoring. Hence, an environmental monitoring cell
will be formed for regular environmental assessment on air, water, noise and soil
qualities at nearby area in and around the ML area. Four permanent Air quality
stations will be fixed as per the SPCB guidance to monitor the AAQ in quarterly
basis. Quarterly water samples of ground water and surface water shall be
collected and analysed. Noise level monitoring at Noise generating points and
AAQ locations shall be done in quarterly basis.
Table 5.2: PROPOSED MONITORING SCHEDULE
Environmental
Domain
Parameter Frequency
Air PM10, PM2.5, SO2,
NOx & CO
Quarterly Twice (continuously 48
hours ) in 4 locations
Water As per CPCB
Guide lines
4 samples from Ground water and 4
from surface water source in a quarter
Noise Level 24 hours in a quarter in 4 locations
Soil 2 samples from nearby plant site per
quarter
5.2 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT CELL
To implement the EMP, a structured environment cell (EMC) will be present.
EMC undertakes regular monitoring of the proposed pollution control system and
conduct half yearly audit of the environmental performance of the system. It will
also check that the stipulated measures are being satisfactorily implemented and
operated. All the above observations will be complied and documented by the
EMC to serve the following purposes.
i) Identification of any environmental problem, which may occur in or
surrounding area.
ii) Initiating or providing solutions to those problems through designated
channels and verification of the implementation status.
iii) Suitably respond to emerge situations. Provide details of the emergency
action and the action taken to the top management.
iv) Suitably make modifications to alteration in the plant to meet regulatory
standards as amended from time to time.
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5.3 MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
The environment management system will have the following functions in order
to monitor the environment impacts.
i) Examination of all pollution control equipments with due respect to its
performance regularly. A record shall be maintained and will be shown
to regulatory authority as and when required.
ii) Examination and regular cleaning of raw material and other handling
areas.
iii) Examination of rain water harvesting systems and storm water drains.
iv) Checking water contamination by drawing regular samples of the runoff
water. Collection and analysis of water samples from the adjacent river
and any other water body as suggested by SPCB.
v) Regular measurement of ground water level and quality.
vi) Checking the quality of air by drawing regular air samples and getting
them analyzed.
vii) Maintenance of the record of plantation scheme, the area of plantation,
the observance of growth rate and survival of plants. Observance of
growth of fauna in the area.
viii) Sampling for noise pollution inside the plant requiring maintenance
which produce excess noise and to study likely impact on workers.
5.4 ORGANISATIONAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE SET-UP
In order to effectively implement and monitor the Environment Programme, a
proper organizational structure must be defined in order to achieve the desired
and statutory results. The organizational chart of EMC proposed at the cola
beneficiation plant is given below. Further to undertake environment aspects of
the future expansion plan additional man power will be required. The sources of
the EMC including chemical laboratory have been proposed to be augmented to
carry out the environmental monitoring and surveillance programme.
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Organisation Chart (Proposed) of Environmental Monitoring Cell
GM (Mines)
DGM (Mines)
Manager (EMC)
Engineer
Technician
5.5 MONITORING EQUIPMENT AND CONSUMABLES
5.5.1 AIR QUALITY AND METEOROLOGY
Following equipment and consumable items should be procured by the project
proponent to implement the monitoring program .
High Volume Sampler (4no)
Weather station (Continuous)
Spectrophotometer (visible range)
Single pan balance (1no)
Relevant chemicals as per IS:5182
CO monitor (1no)
Hand held anemometer (1no)
5.5.2 WATER AND WASTE WATER QUALITY
The sampling should be done as per the standard procedures laid down by IS:
2488. Following equipment should be procured:
BOD incubator
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COD reflux set up
Refrigerator
Oven
Stop watch
Thermometer
pH meter
Distilled water plant
Pipette box
Titration set
Dissolved Oxygen analyzer
Relevant chemicals
Spectro photometer
Flame Photometer
Laminar Flow
Auto clave
Microscope
Water analyser kit
Digital colony counter
5.5.3 NOISE LEVELS
The project proponent should purchase a sound level meter to record noise levels
in different scales like A, B and C with slow and fast response options.
5.5.4 SOIL CHARACTERISTICS
The project proponent should procure soil samplers (augers) to collect soil
samples. The samples should be analyzed in the laboratory of the environmental
agency or the group monitoring cell.
Alternatively other reputed laboratories may be contracted for carrying out
necessary environment monitoring.
5.6 BUDGETARY COST ESTIMATES
The cost estimate for environment protection presented in this section is for the
recommendations made above. The project cost of the mine is 31 Crores.
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CHAPTER 6
ADDITIONAL STUDIES
6.0 NTRODUCTION
It is necessary for the study to touch every positive and detrimental aspect of the
project. Hence, during the study of project certain aspects of the project such as
public consultation, risk assessment and their management and rest details of the
on-going activities are considered.
6.1 PUBLIC CONSULTATION
The basic purpose of public participation/consultation is to promote productive
use of inputs and perceptions from private and public interest group in order to
improve the quality of environment decision making. Interest group includes
those representatives of mine, local interest groups, general public, statutory
authorities, and public representatives. Public participation is required in
environmental decision making as per the guidelines of environment clearance
process.
Accordingly, the Public Hearing Meeting was held on 10.4.2012 at 11:00 AM at
Dadwan village of Keonjhar District, Odisha in respect of Environmental
Assessment of Inganijharan Iron & Mn Mines of Sri. B.C Deb for production of
0.6 mtpa of Iron ore and 0.075 MTPA Manganese ore over an area of 114.93 ha.
The public hearing proceeding is attached in the Annexure-1 of the EIA
report.
This Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment has been prepared as per
approved Terms of Reference received from concerned authorities vide letter No.
J-11015/246/2008-IA.II (M) dated 22.12.2008 for Inganijharan Iron & Mn Mines
of Lessee Sri. B.C Deb . The EIA Report has been prepared based primarily on
baseline data collected through March 2010 to May 2010 and approved Terms of
Reference. This draft EIA/EMP is being submitted to Orissa State Pollution
Control Board for public consultation as per provisions of EIA Notification 2006
and amendments thereafter.
6.2 COMPLIANCE TOWARDS GENERAL CONDITION
The observations and action taken on General Conditions of the earlier
Environmental Clearance are as follows.
There is no change in mining technology.
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The entire ML area coming under non-forest area.
Four monitoring station for monitoring of PM10, PM2.5, SO2 ,NOx &
CO have been established..
There is no workshop within the lease hold area. For collection of rain
water during monsoon, we have made arrangement in such a way that
it will be accumulated within the ML area.
Periodical medical examination to all categories of employees is being
done and they are provided with protective devices.
Separate ledger has been made to keep the Acts of Environment
Management Cell.
6.3 EMPLOYEE WELFARE ACTIVITIES
Welfare includes anything that is done for the comfort and improvement of
employees and is provided over and above the wages. Welfare helps in keeping
the morale and motivation of the employees high so as to retain the employees
for longer duration.
The lessee has been conscious about the welfare of his employees to create
efficient, healthy, loyal and satisfied labor force. He has taken care for
monitoring of working conditions, creation of harmony through infrastructure for
health and insurance against disease, accident for the workers and their families.
The lessee is also very much concern for improvement of intellectual, cultural
and material conditions of living of the workers. Some of the existing facilities
are :-
Visit of mobile medical unit along with a doctor once in a week
Provision of free medicine to labourers as well as local villagers
Provision of ambulance facility at Mine Site shall attend the patients of
nearby villagers as well as employees
Participation of mine management in various socio-cultural activities of
workers and villagers in regular basis.
Encouragement to local community for participating in various sporting
activity within the district.
Providing safety equipments to workers as well as villagers nearby as a
precautionary measure etc.
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The activities that the lessee intends to follow in future for the well being of his
employees are as follows.
Weekly doctor visit to mine
Periodical health check-up of workers at lessee‟s cost
Provision for personal protecting equipments like shoes, helmet, mask etc.
twice in a year.
Regular inspection of working condition and precautionary measures
based on the report
Festival bonus to the employees
Educational facilities like providing financial help for books, uniforms etc
for the children of the employees.
Training facilities to the employees regarding use of machineries and
safety.
Providing assistance to employee welfare funds for social security to
employees.
Facilities like drinking water, rest sheds, first aid appliances, latrines and
urinals, lighting facilities etc. are provided for employees and
maintenance of which has been take care of regularly.
Provision of leave and holidays for employees.
6.4 CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR)
For social sustainability of any project, attentions need to be paid to the
development of the society that existed before or builds up around the project
area. The Corporate Social Responsibility is the internalization by the country of
the social and environmental effect of its operations through proactive pollution
prevention and social impact assessment so that it is anticipated and avoided and
benefits are optimized.
The concept is about companies seizing opportunities and targeting capabilities
that they have built up for competitive advantages to contribute to sustainable
development goals in ways that go beyond traditional responsibilities to
shareholders, employees and the law. It is the active partnership of the company
which defines the voluntary works with local communities as well as with
regional and national Government and reciprocity based on trust and openness to
reach agreed objectives and shared involvement. The development activities for
the locality have been taken by the lessee for the locality is as follows.
Employment:
The best method to improve the living standard of any the area is to provide
employment for the locality. The lessee has always followed this principle and
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will do the same in future as well. 80% of workers(un-skilled, semi skilled and
skilled) engaged in the mine belong to local villages The lessee also proposes for
maximum appointment of local people to fulfill the manpower requirement for
this expansion proposal.
Education :
A strong promoter of basic and primary education has been adopted for
educational institutions to enhance their education standards and equip them with
better infrastructure facilities. Financial help to schools in tribal villages and slum
areas, sponsored funds for school building, teachers‟ salaries, books, school
uniforms and other study materials has been done. Many computers have also
been donated to Government schools and schools in rural remote areas promoting
computer literacy.
Community Development:
Being committed and socially responsible, the objective of the Lessee is
community development. Providing villages with basic amenities, and extending
friendship to senior citizens, orphans and physically challenged people are few
initiatives taken in the direction of community development.
Healthcare:
The objective is to provide basic healthcare facilities and a better quality of life to
people in the lower rung of the ladder. As a part of the healthcare program,
hospitals and foundations of the area are supported by the lessee, and also
promotion and assistance to the Government of India initiatives like Pulse Polio
drive has been provided. Some instances include:
Arranging health camps, free medicine distribution, eye check up camp,
mobile ambulance and doctor facility etc.
Providing medical kits to villages along with basic first-aid training
Organising blood donation drives for well-known blood banks
Organising a Cancer Screening in coordination with a renowned medical
foundation
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Extending support to the leprosy affected people through micro-financing
and providing sewing machines and utensils to Leprosy homes
Environmental Awareness:
The lessee plays a conscious and active role to improve the quality of life around
us. A variety of campaigns have been initiated towards environmental causes
including awareness sessions for employees on issues like global warming,
environment day celebration through pamphlet distribution and planting of
saplings and other environmental awareness campaigns across our locations.
He also actively participates in relief programs and campaigns during natural
calamities and disasters. With contribution and support of its employees and
government, he had provided quick relief and support to the affected areas by
participating in relief programs, donation drives etc.
Other Peripheral Development Activities:
Development of infrastructure facility is one of the main activity in CSR domain.
Water supply, road construction and maintenance bridge construction etc. are
main infrastructure for any area. The project proponent is also involved in the
development of all these activities.
Thus the lessee, being a responsible citizen, has tried for the development of the
area by various beneficial activities. The lessee intends to continue the same in
future as well. The details of cost details for welfare activities already under taken
and proposed are as follows.
Table 6.1: COST BREAK-UP FOR CSR ACTIVITIES All figure are in Rs. In lakhs
Activity Incurred Proposed to be incurred
Year Capital Recurring
per annum
Capital
2009-10
Recurring
per annum
Road maintenance 2008-09 5.00 -- -- 5.00
Educational facilities 2003-04 3.05 -- 1.26
Health & related
facilities
Till 2009 10.00 2.00 -- 5.00
Awareness programme Till 2009 -- 0.50 -- 2.00
Cultural activities Till 2009 1.00 0.50 2.50 1.00
Drinking water facility Till 2009 10.60 1.00 -- 5.00
Plantation along the
road side
2008-09 -- 1.00 -- 3.00
Community Till 2009 4.50 0.50 2.50 1.00
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Development & others
Activities for Wildlife
management
-- -- -- 1.15 3.00
Total -- 34.15 5.5 6.15 26.26
(Source: Lesee)
In addition to this, project proponent has deposited Rs.68.61lakhs at Sundergarh
Periphery Development Society, Sundergarh during the period of 2004-09 for
developmental activity in nearby areas of the mine and will also allocate fund as
per requirement in future too.
6.5 MINING IN ADJOINING LEASES AND THEIR IMPACTS
The study area being rich in different minerals, it contains some other mine most
of which belongs iron and manganese mines category. Satellite imagery of the
study area showing these mines is given as fig 7.1. Some of the mines are as
follows.
Table 6.2: LIST OF ADJOING LEASES WITHIN 5KM RADIUS
Sl. No. Name & Type of the mine
1 joda east iron ore (tisco), keonjhar
2 balda block iron ore, keonjhar, m/s siraz-ud- din& co., keonjhar
3 nuagaon iron mine, kjs ahluwalia, keonjhar
4 chamakpur iron re mines, k.c pradhan, keonjhar
5 kjs(jaldihi) iron & bauxite mine, s n mohanty keonjhar
6 sukradihi iron ore mine.m/s omc ltd., keonjhar
7 guali iron ore mines, guali, keonjhar
8 balita iron ore mines, belipada, keonjhar
9 dalpahar iron ore mines, dalpahar, dharamchanda jain, keonjhar
10. baitarani iron ore mines, dr, sarojini pradhan, champur, keonjhar
11. manmora mn. mine (tisco) keonjhar
Due to the mining activity of all these mines, there will be some impact on the
environment. However, those impacts can be mitigated by proper control
measure like regular water sprinkling, maintenance of haul roads as well as roads
connecting the mines and machineries and adequate plantation. The lessees being
concern about the environment have come together for a joint collaboration to
discuss the problems that may arise due to the mining activity and take necessary
measures to mitigate them.
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6.6 RISK ASSESSMENT
Human health and Environmental risk from developmental activities is mainly
due to occurrence of some accident consisting of an event or sequence of events
explosion, fire and toxic hazards. Risk analysis provides a numerical measure of
the risk that a particular facility poses to the public. It begins with the
identification of probable hazardous events at an operational area and
categorization as per the predetermined criteria. The consequences of major
events or accidents are calculated for different combinations of weather
conditions to stimulate worst possible scenario. These predictions of
consequences are combined to provide numerical measures of the risk for the
entire facility. Risk assessment should be done on the basis of past accident
analysis at similar projects, previous judgments and expertise in the field of risk
analysis especially in accident analysis.
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TABLE – 6.3: RISK ASSESSMENT
METHOD
STAGES
SURVERILLANCE AND
MONITORING
TOXICITY
ASSESSMENT
HEALTH SERVICE
PROVISION
SAFETY
PROVISION AND
PREVENTION
OBTAINING
ADVICE FROM
HEALTH SECTOR
LOCATION Site specific health hazards,
general health status of local
communities, common causes
of mortality, location and
functioning of health service.
Access to Health services Settlement citing Disease foci, vector
biology
PLANNING
AND
DESIGN
Improve routine health service
surveillance though retraining,
health information systems.
Toxicological and
epidemiological risk
valuation, hazard
identification for pollutants,
dose response assessment,
exposure assessment, risk
characterization.
Health centre, trained staff,
drug supply
equipment maintenance,
casualty/ emergency unit
OHS planning
environmental
management
Communicable
disease control,
vector control
environmental health
CONSTRUC-
TION
OHS monitoring, environme-
tal health: water supply,
sanitation, drug supply, vector
monitoring.
STD clinic, distribution of
contraceptives, health
training casualty/
emergency unit,
communicable disease
control
Safety measures,
OHS training,
traffic routing
Communicable
disease control,
environmental health
OPERATION Routine medical examinations,
OHS monitoring, IMR and
vector monitoring, casualty
rates.
Health education,
immunization, supplem-
entary nutrition, training of
workers, casualty/
emergency visit, disease
control
OHS
implementation,
environmental
management
Communicable
disease control,
environmental health,
human behavior
modification
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PROJECT
ENHANCEM
ENT
Health information system,
laboratory services Healthy workforce is more
productive and vice-versa
Safer working
methods, training,
injury
compensation
Intersectoral
collaboration
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6.7 RISK MANAGEMENT The following precautionary measures shall be taken to prevent any accident
Elimination of the source of hazard
Substitution of hazardous process and materials by those which are
less hazardous
Geographical/ physical isolation of hazards from vulnerable
communities
Use of engineering controls to reduce the health risk
Adoption of safe working practices such as regular equipment
maintenance
Use of Personal Protective Equipment
Top edge of opencast workings shall be kept properly fenced.
At the final stage, the workings shall be fenced with masonry wall (of
not less than 0.40 m thick and 1.2 m high with a parapet top).
The sides of excavation and the height and width of benches shall be
properly maintained as per mining regulations. (Height 6m and width
10-12 m).
Quarrying shall be done from top downwards. No overhang will be
allowed.
Special attention and requisite provisions shall be taken while working
in areas of geological weakness like existence of slip, fault etc.
Regular dressing of bench sides to ensure safety of workers employed
within 5m or working face.
Provision of safety belt or rope while persons are at work at the quarry
sides or benches from where there are chances of falling down for
more than 1.8m.
Spoil banks not to be retained by artificial means at an angle of repose
in excess of its natural angle.
Drafting and implementation of preventive maintenance schedule for
various kinds of machinery deployed in opencast workings.
Provision of maintenance of properly laid haul roads with parapet wall
fencing or guards and road signs at strategic points.
Precautions against danger while traversing dumpers, excavators etc.
by installing audio-visual alarms and appointment of spotters.
Transportation of Iron Ore within mine workings by vehicles under
the direction, supervision and control of Mine Management only.
Proper maintenance of vehicles and weekly examination by an
engineer and daily examination by a competent person.
Training and retraining (at specified interval) of the machinery
operators.
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Use of controlled blasting techniques. 500 m radius danger zone to be
followed strictly.
Provision of blasting shelters – properly constructed and maintained.
Adequate maintenance of electrical equipments.
Adequate illumination after daylight.
6.8 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN
Disaster management plan is prepared with respect to the following accidents.
6.8.1 OPEN CAST BENCH SLOPE FAILURE
For determining factor of safety, the bench slopes are to be monitored regularly
by sensitive instruments at precise level at regular intervals to check for any
possible ground movement. A well developed drainage system over the lease
hold area is to be ensured to check the storm water flows out of the lease area.
6.8.2 ACCIDENTS DUE TO FALL OF SIDES
Failure to make and keep the quarry sides secure by proper benching,
sloping and keeping benches of adequate height and width.
Undercutting so as to cause dangerous covering.
Inadequate nos. of competent persons for carrying out statutory
inspections.
Lack of supervision.
6.8.3 ACCIDENTS DUE TO MACHINERY
During reversal operation
Unauthorized driving of vehicles (mostly by helpers)
Riding of vehicles unauthorizedly
Attempt to ride moving vehicles
Overloading
Driving vehicles in a intoxicated stage
Vehicles moving in steep gradient or on benches of inadequate
width
6.8.4 OTHER THAN TRANSPORTATION MACHINERY
Use of sub standard equipments
Attempt to clean moving parts of machinery
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Non provision or removal of guards for moving parts of machinery
6.8.5 ACCIDENTS DUE TO USE OF EXPLOSIVES
Fly rock throw due to blasting
Inadvertent handling of explosives
6.9 SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
Socio-economic impact assessment has taken on a new and important direction.
Decision makers at all levels, as well as community members have developed an
increasing awareness of the need for estimating the effects for large projects on
communities. Estimation and analysis of these impacts have direct and immediate
action in planning for change and growth that might occur as a result of large
projects. The categories of effects that may be covered in socio-economic impact
analysis includes:-
Housing status effects
Educational effects
Government fiscal effects
Labor force effects
Economic status effects
Physical environmental quality effects
Public health status effects
Family status effects
Public safety effects
Recreational opportunity effects
Cultural alternative effects
6.10 R&R ACTION PLANS
No displacement is required for the proposed project. Hence R&R action plan is
not applicable for the project.
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CHAPTER 7
PROJECT BENEFITS
7.0 COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS
The mining results are very much promising and the future exploration
programme is expected to add more life and resources to the mine. The rated
capacity of 600000 MT of iron ore and 75000 MT of Mn ore per annum not only
is viable but also gives appreciable return on the investment. There is ample
scope for further development after this phase of expansion due to additional
mineable reserve expected after exploration.
7.1 CAPITAL INVESTMENT
The capital cost covers the expenditure incurred towards Exploration, Mine
development already done and proposed, cost involved towards land, building,
infrastructure, plant and machineries etc. Besides the interest during development
stage insurance, margin money on working capital, contingencies etc have also
been included in the figures. The details of the break ups are furnished below:
Table 7.1: Costing of Machineries
Machines Capacity No Depreciated cost (lakh Rs)
Excavator 0.9m3 5 250.0
Jack hammer ––– 2 25.0
Air compressor 12 m3/min 1 50.0
Wagon drill BMC-150 3 100
Mobile crushing plant 400T/hr 1 250.0
Mobile screening plant 400T/hr 2 250.0
Water pump 10HP 3 5.0
Truck/tripper 10 MT 25 500.0
Water Tanker 1 25.0
Iron hammer, crowbar, basket,
fork and spades as required As necessary 5.0
Total 1460.0 lakh
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Table 7.2: Capital Implementation Cost
Sl.No. Major Head Amount in lakh
1 Exploration & Development 450.00
2 Land, Building & Infrastructure 50.0
3 Plant, Machinery & Equipment 1460.0
4 Other facilities 30.00
5 Capital cost towards environmental monitoring and
recurring cost towards control measures.
10.00
Total 2000.00
Escalations and tax structure will also have a major impact. Many item of works
may be required to be outsourced depending on the situations prevailed during
the time of execution. Apart from the above cost the following cost are also
considered in the capital cost of the project considering the present level of
resource assessment.
COSTS TOWARDS FINANCIAL ASSURANCE: Rs 18 lakh
7.2 COST OF ABANDONMENT
Decommissioning / Demolition: Rs.200000/-
Removal of infrastructure: Not applicable
Removal of equipments and heavy machineries: Rs.200000/-
Site safety: Not applicable
Remediation / Mitigation measures:
Construction of check dam Rs 2,00,000/-
Providing garland drain: Rs 100,000/-
Total amount required under 12.7.5.1 & 12.7.5.2 Rs 3,00,000/-
7.2.1 RECLAMATION AND REHABILITATION WORK
Table No. 7.3: Waste Handling and Management Cost
12.7.6.1 Total waste required to be rehandled (Iron+Mn.) 19,05,707m3
12.7.6.2 Cost required for rehandling /backfilling @ Rs
55/- per m3
19,05,707m3x55=
Rs 10,48,13,885/-
12.7.6.3 Cost required for leveling and compaction of 31.71 x 100000 = Rs
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31.71 Hect of mined out area @ Rs 100000/- per
Hect
31,71,000/-
12.7.6.4 Cost required for rehabilitation by way of
vegetation in backfilled area over 31.71 Hects @
Rs 28,500/- per Hect.
28,500 x 31.71 =Rs
9,03,735/-
12.7.6.5 Total amount required for reclamation and
rehabilitation
Rs 10,48,13,885/- + Rs
31,71,000/- + Rs9,03,735/-
=
Rs. 10,88,88,620/-
MAINTENANCE / MONITORING DURING AND AFTER CLOSURE
OPERATION:
Retrenchment and relocation cost: Not applicable.
Research and development: Not applicable.
Administrative / management:
Fees for preparation of Final mine closure plan along with collection of data;
Rs 10, 00,000/-
Salary and wages of supervisory personnel for monitoring closure activities for
two years- Rs 12,00,000/- @ Rs 10000/- per month.
Total= Rs 22,00,000/-
Grand total cost for abandonment is = Rs.400,000 + Rs.3,00,000+ Rs.
10,88,88,620/- + Rs.22, 00,000 = Rs 11,18,00,000/-
7.3 RECURRING INVESTMENT
The cost towards salary and wages, contractual services, overheads, maintenance
of infrastructure, environment care and peripheral development, taxes and
financial cost including interests have been included in the recurring cost of the
project. The variable cost covers the consumption of diesel, explosives,
lubricants, spares of HEMM, repair and maintenance of various areas, taxes, cess
royalty etc have been considered in the recurring costs. The details are
enumerated below.
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7.3.1 STATUTORY DUES
The mines shall contribute Rs 5100 lakh per annum to the State exchequer by way
of mining revenue and taxes.
Table No.7.4: COST TOWARDS ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL
Activities Recurring cost (Lakhs Rs./y)
a. Pollution control 25.0
b. Pollution monitoring 5.0
c. Occupational safety 10.0
d. Green belt 10.0
e. Socio-economic welfare measures in nearby
villages
20.0
Total 70.00
7.3.2 COST TOWARDS PERIPHERAL DEVELOPMENT
Rs 3400.00 lakh per annum.
7.3.3 COST OF PRODUCTION
The cost of production at the present rate comes to Rs 5400 lakh [(Rs 750/- x
600000) + (Rs 1200/- x 75000)] per annum. The salary and wages for
employees comes to be Rs 150 lakh per annum. The following additional
expenditure is to be incurred to achieve the production target:
POL: Rs 100.0 lakh
Miscellaneous expenditure: Rs 150.0 lakh
The total expenditure on the cost of production comes to be Rs 5800.0 lakh per
annum.
7.4 BENEFIT
The following quantities of the ore is planned to be produced annually with the
size distribution and the average price at mines/plant head as indicated below:
Sized iron ore
Iron ore fines
Mn ore
480000 MT
120000 MT
75000Mt
@Rs5000.00
@Rs2000.00
@Rs10000.00
Hence, the annual sale value of the iron & Mn ore at the mines head would be
Rs.33900.00 lakh.
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7.5 FINANCIAL APPRAISAL
Figures are in Rupees in lakh over 17 years (Till life of the mine)
Table No.7.5:
Sl.No. Particulars Cost in lakh/s Benefit
A. CAPITAL INVESTMENT
576300.00
1
2
3
Total cost of the project
Financial Assurance
Cost of Abandonment
2000.00
18.00
1118.00
Sub-Total 3136.00
B. RECURRING INVESTMENT
4 Statutory dues Tax & Royalty 86700.00
5 Cost of Environmental control measures 1190.00
6 Cost towards peripheral development 57800.00
7 Cost of production 98600.00
Sub-Total 244290.00
G. Total 247426.00
Net Benefit at the end of the project at the present rate is Rs 328874.00 lakh. The
ratio of Cost to benefit comes to be 1:1.33 or 1:1.3. Therefore the project is very
much feasible.
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CHAPTER 8
ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN
8.0 INTRODUCTION
A detailed account of the impacts on the environment due to the proposed mining
activities in the lease area has been discussed in Chapter–4. It is evident that the
proposed activities will have marginal impact on different environmental
components. To mitigate such adverse impacts, negligible though, appropriate
remedial measures have been proposed, the details of which are being discussed
in this chapter.
8.1 OBJECTIVE OF THE EMP
Keeping the above considerations in view, the EMP aims at achieving the
following objectives.
Sustainable mineral development
Least damages to the existing environmental domains
Evaluation of environmental impacts due to proposed activities
8.2 BASIS OF EMP
The formulation of EMP is based on the following considerations.
Evaluation of proposed project activities
Studies on Environmental Impact Assessment for the project
8.3 MITIGATION MEASURES
For maintaining better environment in the area the components relevant to the
project that need to be taken into account include.
a) An afforestation/plantation detail of plantation/afforestation programme
under taken by the lease is given below.
b) Reclamation of degraded quarry area
c) Construction of check dam, boulder pitching of bench edges, hauls roads
etc.
d) Monitoring of environmental parameters.
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8.3.1 RESTORATION OF DEGRADED LAND
Table No.8.1: Degraded Land
Area Reclaimed m2 Area Rehabilitated m2 No. of Plants
584100 584100 373824
Table No.8.2: Out Side Degraded Land
Type Area Reclaimed m2 Area Rehabilitated
m2
No. of Plants
Safety Zone 43275 43275 27696
Nala Section 14310 14310 9158
On completion of mining activities the degraded land covered under mining shall
be restored through backfilling of solid waste removed and stacked. Each non-
working bench is proposed to be stabilized by boulder pitching and plantation of
shrubs to arrest free movement of loose materials. Waste dumps will be
rehandled to some extent, then stabilized, graded and compacted. This shall be
provided with peripheral check dams and garland drains to control the movement
of loose materials. Dump yards shall be rehandled and shall be planted with local
tree species. During the 1st five years, it is proposed to stabilize the existing dump
over 1.1ha of area and maintain plantation over there. As estimated, about 79.314
ha of land will be planted during life of the mine @ 2000 no of saplings per ha.
Thus about 158628 number of sapling will be required for this purpose.
5,54,758m3
of waste will be used for back filling of mined out area.
8.3.2 PROGRAMME OF PLANTATION
The plantation area will not require any extensive soil preparation as the original
soil cover will not be much disturbed. However, in the reclaimed area, suitable
nutrients may be added for proper growth of plants if required.
Post plantation care includes replacement of casualties, weeding, soil working,
manuring, watering, protection from grazing and fire, engaging watch and ward
staff. This scheme and selection of plant species are mainly based on the local
soil conditions. A few species are listed below for plantation programme. As
programmed, more number of trees and vegetation will be grown during the lease
period which will be effective on the protection of environment and aesthetic
beauty of the area. The forests over the dump when fully developed will give a
positive impact on climate. The terrace formation will give better land scaping.
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The plantation along the boundary, along the roads, around quarry area etc. will
help to develop much improved landscape.
Proposals are being made to systematically and scientifically reclaim and
stabilize the exhausted quarry area. The scheme of reclamation and afforestation
has been proposed which shall be implemented after 4th
year of operation. The
detail year wise schedule of phase reclamation and plantation is given as follows.
(Table No.10.1, 10.2 and 10.3).
Table 8.3: STAGE-WISE WASTE GENERATION AND RECLAMATION
(Unit in cubic meter)
Year Iron ore
In tonne
Mn ore in
tonne
Area for
Reclamation
(in ha)
No. Plant
To be
Planted
2009-10 94285 16666 NIL 20000
2010-11 94285 16666 NIL 30506
2011-12 94285 16666 NIL 37418
2012-13 94285 16666 NIL 34678
2013-14 94285 16666 NIL 36026
Total 4,71,428 83,330 NIL 1,58,628
Table 8.4: STAGE WISE LAND USE AND RECLAMATION
Year Pit
No.
Mined
out area
at the
begining
Additional
area
proposed
during the
year
Total
area
Area to be
reclaimed
and
rehabitated
during the
year
Mined
out
area
at the
end of
the
year
Achievement
in mined out
areas
2009-10 Iron 7.088 0.796 7.884 NIL 7.884 Not done due
to ore
continuation
at depth
Mn 20.99 0.198 21.188 NIL 21.188
2010-11 Iron 7.884 0.258 8.142 NIL 8.142
Mn 21.188 0.131 21.319 NIL 21.319
2011-12 Iron 8.142 0.871 9.013 NIL 9.013
Mn 21.319 0.155 21.474 NIL 21.474
2012-13 Iron 9.013 0.951 9.964 NIL 9.964
Mn 21.274 0.088 21.562 NIL 21.562
2013-14 Iron 9.964 0.569 10.533 NIL 10.533
Mn 21.562 0.181 21.743 NIL 21.743
Total 32.276 NIL 32.276
Conceptu Reclamation
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al Period shall be done
for Iron
quarry portion
with
plantation &
the
Manganese
quarry shall
be turned into
water
reservoir
Iron 10.533 4.3 14.833 14.833
Mn 21.743 3.081 24.824 24.824
39.657 39.657
Table 8.5: ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND MANAGEMENT STAGE-WISE CUMULATIVE PLANTATION
Year Un-worked
Area
Dump Area Top Soil
Dump
Total
Area
(Ha)
Trees Area
(Ha)
Trees Area
(Ha)
Trees Area
(Ha)
Trees
Existing 3.145 6290 13.406 26812 -- -- 16.551 33102
1st 4.231 8462 10.256 20512 -- -- 14.487 28974
2nd
3.256 6512 9.245 18490 -- -- 12.501 25082
3rd
3.520 7040 8.742 17484 -- -- 12.262 24524
4th
4.152 8304 8.213 16426 -- -- 12.365 24730
5th
4.854 9708 6.254 12508 -- -- 11.099 22216
Ultimate 23.158 46,316 56.116 112232 -- -- 79.314 158628
Plantation over an area of 4.3hactareas have already been done with 8600 no of
saplings @ 2000 saplings per hectare. More plantations will be done gradually
over the mined out area after backfilling. At the end of the mine life 79.314ha of
area will be coved under plantation which is about 70% of the total area.
Since there is not much non-mineralized zone for the lease area, it is not possible
to have a plantation over 33% area from the initial stages. However there will be
plantation over 70% of area after the mine life.
Beside reclamation plantation the safety zone area shall be covered under
plantation programme with the observation and charge of state forest department.
The cost of the safety zone plantation and watch ward shall be bourn by the
applicant. According to physical and chemical characteristics the mines area and
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soil of the waste dump and environmental conditions, following plants will be
planted. The main plant species are listed in Table no. 10.5.
Table 8.6: PURPOSE WISE PLANT SPECIES REQUIRED FOR
AFFORESTATION
Sl.No Purpose of plantation Local name Botanical name
1
To provide green coverage
on OB dumps
Sisso Dalbergia sissoo
Chakunda Cassia Accidentales
Siris Albizzia Labbek
Bara Ficus bengalensis
Pipal Ficus religiosa
2
To beautify the roads
Gold Mohur Delonix regia
Chakunda Cassia Accidentales
Bottle Brush Callistemon linearis
Ashok Saraca indica
3 Green belt development
A
To arrest dust
Neem Azadirachta indica
Karanj Derris indica
Mahul Madhuca indica
Sal Shorea robusta
B
To absorb noise
Pipal Ficus religiosa
Neem Azadirachta indica
Sal Shorea robusta
C
To enhance soil nutrients
Grass verities
Aristida citrates
Bothriochla zitermedia
Cenchrus setigerous
Heteropogon contortus
8.3.3 MEASURES FOR CONTROLLING WATER POLLUTION
The surface run-off during rainy season the main source of water pollution. The
measures proposed for runoff management are as follows :
No overburden or loose sediments will be kept in the working
benches particularly during monsoon months.
Check dam will be provided around the temporary overburden
storing sites to arrest flow of loose sediments before discharge into
the drainage system of the region.
Peripheral drain proposed to arrest the inflow of run-off water to
the quarry area.
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The surface runoff water shall kept within the lease area as
maximum as possible.
Settling pits shall be formed in the rainy season.
The settling pits shall work as water harvesting structure as well as
water conservation measures.
In rainy season the rain water flowing through the lease area will
be channelized to settling tank for settling it will be used for
mining operation, plantation, and water sprinkling as well as for
watering of nearby vegetation through canals. Thus rain water
harvesting of the area will be done.
The possibility of the project activity contributing to the pollution of water
courses of the region or to the ground water regime is so less that this does not
significantly constitute an area of concern.
8.3.4 MEASURES FOR CONTROLLING AIR POLLUTION
The mining area, due to its very nature and scale of operation is likely to
marginally contribute towards air pollution in the area. The effect is localised and
this effect is mostly due to fugitive emission. For the mine, the only pollution
occurs from dust (SPM) during vehicular traffic, blasting, loading/unloading etc.
As the particles are heavy in nature, they settle easily in the immediate vicinity.
There is no other source for SO2, NOx and CO except a little contributed by the
vehicular traffic, which is well below the prescribed limits. Still, the following
different control measures are proposed.
Construction of well compacted roads.
Regular water spraying on roads and waste dumps by tankers.
Provision of dust collectors for the drilling machines
Controlled blasting
Supply of dust masks for the drill operators
Plantation of wide leaf trees, creepers, tall grasses around quarry
sites, waste dumps, roads, colony and other surrounding barren
zones.
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8.3.5 MEASURES FOR CONTROLLING NOISE POLLUTION
The sources and causes of noise have been discussed in Chapter-3 and its
negligible impact has been highlighted in Chapter-4. However, the following
measures will be taken to minimize the adverse impact of noise, though
negligible within the project area and its surrounding region.
Proper and regular maintenance of vehicles, compressors and jack
hammers.
Provision of supplying ear plugs for jackhammer drillers and compressor
operators.
Carrying of blasting only during daytime not during cloudy weather as
well as and when strong wind is blowing towards residential areas.
Blasting will be carried out with limited explosives at a time so that the
noise generation can be well maintained with the prescribed limits.
Provision of Green Belt (thick foliage) along the lease boundary and road.
8.3.6 SOCIO-ECONOMIC MEASURES
Apart from overall beneficial impact of the project on the local people of the
region, it is felt necessary to augment facilities in the fields of education, health
and social awareness including concern for ecology. These are presented as
follows.
Sl. No. Environmental Attributes Nature of Impact
1 Employment Beneficial
2 Service, trade/commerce - do -
3 Public utility/education, social awareness Augmentation
4 Health care facilities - do -
It is necessary to create awareness among the population the beneficial aspects of
the following measures which would be taken up by the mine as a periphery
development project.
Family planning
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Abandonment of shift cultivation
Planting of trees and social forestry
Reduction in the consumption of fuel wood and encourage
use of alternative fuels
Use of clean and boiled water
Reducing the consumption of alcohol
Saving from earnings
Personal hygiene
Regular health check
In implementation of these measures, the mine management can contribute lot on
the overall socioeconomic scenario of the region.
8.3.7 SAFETY MEASURES DURING BLASTING
Controlled blasting practices will be adopted to minimize the ground vibration,
sound and fling particles. Before blasting all the entrances to mines will be
guarded by persons and red flag will be posted to check inadvertent assess to
blasting zone. Sufficient warning systems by sirening or whistling will be made
before blasting to make persons alert. Sign boards will be posted at convenient
places where time of blasting operation and blasting danger zone to be indicated.
Shallow hole blasting will be carried out on to dislodge the boulders proper
charging, stemming and muffle blasting has been proposed against fly rock
hazards.
8.3.8 SAFETY & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Since, the proposed mining is proposed to be operated by semi mechanized methods
deploying man and machines, it is envisaged to take up the following precautionary
measures.
Strict observance of the provisions of Acts, Rules and Regulations in respect
of safety both by management and the workers.
Proper planning and designing of work in order to reduce the risk of hazards.
Specific instructions and supervisions of working where danger due to fall of
side (overhanging, undercutting of bench, fall of objects from higher
benches/places, working at height is apprehended).
Training of work persons & the officials.
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Parapet walls have been constructed on the sides of the haul road to prevent
fall of vehicles. The width of road will be maintained more than thrice the
width of the vehicle. A code of traffic rules will be implemented.
A code of practices for tipping in stock piles/dumping of overburden at dump
yard and loading point will be implemented.
In respect of contract work, safety code for contractors and workers will be
implemented. They will be allowed to work under strict supervision of
statutory person/officials only after they will imparted training at vocational
training centres. All personal protective equipments will be supplied to them.
A code of practice for fighting fire will be implemented.
Competent persons like fitters, mechanics will imparted with special attention
to the safe handling of materials while attending to repairs, maintenance of
HEMM.
Provision of pit safety committee meeting every month (20th
day) to discuss
the safety of the mines and the persons employed.
Celebration of annual mines safety week & environmental week in order to
develop safety awareness amongst employees.
Other than these facilities periodical health checkups is provided for the study
area. Doctors are appointed for visiting the mines and check up once in a month
in the mines. Heath camps will be arranged for free medical checkup and
medicine distributions are done.
8.4 PLANS TO MAINTAIN BETTER ENVIRONMENT IN THE AREA
For maintaining better environment in the area the components relevant to the
project that need to be taken into account include.
Afforestation/plantation details of plantation/afforestation programme
under taken by the lease are given below.
Reclamation of degraded quarry area
Construction of check dam, boulder pitching of bench edges, haul roads
etc.
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Monitoring of environmental parameters.
8.5 IMPLEMENTATION AND MONITORING
As the major attributes of environment are not confined to the project area alone,
implementation of the proposed control measures and monitoring thereof have to
be undertaken on a regional basis. The mine management will, however,
implement the control measures and monitor the efficacy within the lease area
relating to the following specific areas as per the action plan.
Collection of air and water samples at strategic locations with appropriate
frequency and testing there of. If the parameters exceed the permissible
tolerance limits, corrective measures should be taken to arrest the
pollution.
Collection of soil samples at strategic location at least once in every year
and testing there of with regards to deleterious constitutions, if any.
Desiltation of drainage system and check dams.
Measurement of water level fluctuation in the near by dug wells and
borewells periodically.
Plantation/afforestation as per programme, regular watering of plant and
fencing to protect them from cattle/goats.
Measurement of noise levels at the mine site, stationery and mobile
sources, mine office/creche/canteen/colony, adjacent would be taken
during day time only as mining operation will be carried out in one long
day shift.
The environmental activity and organisational set-up shall be constituted as per
the organisational chart Fig. 10.2.
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Fig. No. 8.2: ENVIRONMENTAL ACTIVITY AND MANAGEMENT
(ORGANISATIONAL CHART)
MEDICAL & OCCUPATIONAL
HEALTH DEPT.
SAFETY & ENVIRONMENT
OFFICER
PERSONNEL(ENVIRONMENT) PERSONNEL (SAFETY)
CO-ORDINATION WITH
REGULATORY AGENCIES AND
PRODUCTION PERSONNEL
FIELD
MONITORING
STAFFS
CHEMIST &
LABORATORY
STAFF
MINES MANAGER
COMPARISON WITH ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARD AND
COMPLIANCE REPORTING TO STATUTORY AGENCIES
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8.6 IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
The development of mining and industrial projects plays a key role in economic
growth by generating employment both directly, indirectly and development of
downstream industries. Peripheral development of the area takes place and due to
more influx of money through the populace, overall importance of the area
increases and the infrastructure improves.
From the very inception, the lessee of Inganijharan Iron & Manganese ore mine
is aware of and is concerned about the health safety of not only of its own
employees and their families but also about the ecology and issues affecting
society around the mine. As a corporate citizen, it always has been the endeavor
of group to take effective steps to tackle all these issues. Following improvements
in the physical infrastructure are envisaged.
Condition of roads. The transportation of the minerals will be by
mainly by road to rail head. The lease area is approachable from
Joda (Town as well as Railway station) at distance of 5 kms
towards West from the site.
Condition of educational buildings. The lessee will aid in
construction/maintenance of school buildings in the nearby
villages.
Condition of housing facilities. As the persons engaged for
outside will reside in the leased / rented houses in the nearby
villages, the housing facility will be improved.
Condition of medical and health care. The company will have a
in house first aid dispensary and MOU with nearby hospitals/
nursing homes for day to day and annual checkup and treatment of
employees. Their family and other affected persons.
Conditions of other infrastructural facilities like transport,
drinking water, health and hygiene are also likely to improve due
to the proposed project.
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8.7 IMPROVEMENTS IN THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC
8.7.1 INFRASTRUCTURE
Community development activities are very important aspect for any
organization. Marginal positive impact on socio-economic environment is
foreseen due to direct and indirect employment, opportunity of business and the
social welfare taken up by the lessee. The mostly rural population may see
development of educational, medical and infrastructure facilities. Most of the
population are Schedule Tribe. The lessee has tried for development of these
tribal people by their culture, life style and all other means. The lessee has well
designed Corporate Social Responsibility with a view to enhance the quality of
life of all the people. To implement this, it is proposed to launch several projects/
schemes with co-ordination of State Government.
The major activities which the management will take up are :
Educational.
Social Security measures
Promoting sports & cultural activities
Concern for society and environment protection
Community development and cultural events in villages
Health camps in surrounding area.
The impact of the project on social infrastructure is as follows.
Environmental Attributes Nature of Impact
a) Employment Beneficial
b) Service, trade/commerce - do -
c) Public utility/education, social awareness Augmentation
d) Health care facilities - do -
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Awareness among the population will be created about the following measures.
i) Family planning
ii) Abandonment of shift cultivation
iii) Planting of trees and social forestry
iv) Reduction in the consumption of fuel wood and encourage use of alternative
fuels
v) Use of clean and boiled water
vi) Reducing the consumption of alcohol
vii) Saving from earnings
viii) Personal hygiene
ix) Regular health check up
8.7.2 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL
Priority will be given to local people according to their qualification for
employment. The project will contribute direct employment scope for about 349
persons including skilled, semi-skilled and un-skilled mine workers, crushing
plant labourers, supervisory staffs, mining engineers, mechanical engineer,
geologists and surveyors. The project will also generate some indirect
employment for the locality.
8.7.3 EDUCATION
The project activities shall create awareness with the local people for preferring
permanent services than periodical agricultural activities. The activities will help
them to analyse the importance of education. With the increased amount of
income people can send their children to nearby schools. The implementation of
this project shall naturally augment the education status of the local people. These
schools are taking care of the local students in their study. But the Project
proponent has decided to improve the literacy level of the local peoples with the
elders also.
8.7.4 ECONOMIC CONDITION
This project shall help in increasing the overall income pattern of the local people
which shall indirectly help them to improve their living standards. Facilities like
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electricity and telephone are available in this interior/remote area. Different taxes
of Govt. exchequers shall increase due to this project.
8.8 OTHER TANGIBLE BENEFITS
This project, on implementation shall help in increasing the overall income
pattern of the neighboring people which shall indirectly help them to improve
their living standards. Facilities like electricity and telephone are available in
these interior/remote areas.
8.9 CONCLUSION
On the basis of the overall results of the present impact assessment the following
conclusions are drawn.
The project is not going to cause any damage to the existing
agricultural situation. Instead, it is likely to provide the farmers
with on-farm income.
The project has strong positive effect on average consumption in
the study area, which is likely to lead to increase average income
through multiplier effect.
The project has very strong positive employment and income
effects, both direct as well as indirect.
The industrial development in the vicinity is likely to bring more
skill diversification among local people.
The project will help other industries to use clean coal so that
impact on the environment due to coal using industries will
decrease.
The project is going to have positive impact on health care and
occupational safety.
The project will also have positive impact on educational status of
people of the study area.
Overall community development is envisaged due to this project.
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CHAPTER 9
SUMMARY & CONCLUSION
Inganijharan Iron & Manganese Mine over an area of 114.930ha is situated in
the district of Keonjhar, Orissa.
The lessee was granted in favour of M/S Sri Bikash Chandra
Deb.Environmental Clearance has been moved and MOEF has issued
TOR for preparation of EIA Report vide Letter No.J-11015/246/2008 date
22.12.10.
EC for production of 3,30,000MTPA of iron and 20,000MTPA of manganese
has been obtained.
forest de-reservation proposal has been dully submitted. This has been
forwarded to the DFO, Keonjhar vide state Serial No. 301/109 dated
20.01.2009 for compliance of report.
The area featured in SOI Toposheet No 73F/8 and bounded by latitude
22000‟45‟‟ N and Longitude 85
027‟30‟‟E.
The lease area is approachable from Joda(Town as well as Railway station) at
distance of 5 Kms towards West from the site. Nearest Highway is SH or NH-
23 distance of 5kms towards west from the site.
The lease area has an undulating topography varying between 445m AMSL to
560m AMSL.
The drainage pattern of the area is mainly controlled by Baitarani
An area of 56.156ha has been used for mining and allied activities till now.
During life of mine 79.314ha will be utilized for mining activity.
This REIA/EMP is prepared as per the Mining Scheme prepared for the year
2009-10 to 2013-14.
Geological reserve for iron and manganese are 4088238 tonne and 2656921
tonne respectively where as Mineable reserve is estimated as 3519278 tonnes
of iron ore & 1900400 tonne of Manganese ore by cross sectional area
method.
Keeping the production level upto 3.30,000MTPA of iron ore &
20,000MTPA of manganese ore during the conceptual period, the life of the
mine will be 7 years & 13 years respectively. Hence overall life of the mine
will be 13 years, however this may change with change in excavation and
consumers demand.
Opencast semi-mechanized method in single shift basis shall be adopted for
mining.
The width and height of the benches will be kept at 6m each for iron ore &
6m each for manganese ore.
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Machineries like Jack Hammer Drills, Excavator, Pay- loader, dumper
machines, tipper etc. are under deployment.
Total 57,84,787 cum of waste will be generated during the total expected life
of mines .
Total 100 cum of water will be required per day, which will be met from
natural water source/ ground water.
The depth of working of mine will not intersect the ground water table.
The mining operation will generate direct employment for 349 no. of people.
The annual normal rainfall as per the Directorate of Economics and Statistics
is 1288.3 mm.
During the study period (Summer Season) temperature recorded is 400C to
450C during summer and 4
0 C to 5
0 C during in the peak of the winter while
the relative humidity varied from 65.0% to 94.5% during Summer season.
The maximum wind speed recorded during study period is 10.4Kmph. The
calm condition is 38.44%.
The observed ambient air quality, water quality and noise level of the area is
within the prescribed limit.
The annual ground water recharge shall be 14.806 Ham.
The depth to water level in summer season ranges from 80-120m in the study
area.
The buffer zone constitutes of Reserved forest land (80.81), Jungle(10.80),
agricultural land (27.44), grazing land (1.67), water body (1.89), mining &
allied activities(107.11) and road(3.75).
No rare or endangered flora and fauna species are found.
The commonly seen flora species are Achu, Amla Asan, Bahada, Bel, Bhalia,
Bheru, Bija, Char, Dhaura, Gangasioli, Giringa, Khakada, Tentra, Dantare,
Muturi etc.
The recorded fauna species are Belara musa, Harina, Bilua, Kutura, Jhinka,
Mankada(Hanu), Neula, Kapta, Kajalpati, Koili, Boda sapa, Dhaman etc.
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MITIGATION OF ADVERSE IMPACTS
Proper control measures shall be taken for the anticipated deterioration
including afforestation.
No pollution of ground water is anticipated due to the proposed mining
activity.
Due to mining the socio-economic, health, employment, education and
communication of the area will improve.
A monitoring cell will be created to monitor the environmental
parameters and implement the proposed control measures.
Total 79.314 ha out of 144.930 ha of area will be coved under plantation
of 158628 no. of saplings.
Regular health camp shall be organized which will be able to create
awareness of environmental impacts on health.
Total Rs 24 crores of rupees will be invested for the project.
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CHAPTER 10
DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT
Declaration by Experts contributing to the EIA of Ingani Jharan Iron and
Manganese Ore Mines of M/s B. C. Deb over an area of 114.930 Ha.
I, hereby, certify that I was a part of the EIA Team in the following, capacity that
developed the above EIA
EIA Coordinator : 1
Name : Mr. R. K. Mohanty
Signature & Date : 30th
May 2015
Contact Information : mohantyratikanta@yahoo.com
Sr. No. Functional
Areas
Name of the
Expert/s
Name of
the Team
Member/s
Involvement
Period &
Task
Signature & Date
1 AP* Mr. P. R.
Sadekar
Task: Impact
Assessment
of Air
Pollution
Mr. Vishal
Sannaki
Task: Impact
Assessment
of Air
Pollution
Mr. Vinay
Gupta
(Associate)
Task:
Assisting
FAE
2 WP* Mr. Prabhakar.
R. Sadekar
Task: Impact
Assessment
of Water
Pollution
Dr.
Task: Impact
Assessment
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Srikanth
Fondekar
of Water
Pollution
Mr.
Prashant
C.
Dhotekar
Task:
Assisting
FAE
Mr. Vinay
Gupta
(Associate
Task:
Assisting
TM
Mr. Vishal
Sannaki
Task: Impact
Assessment
of Water
Pollution
Mr.
Bhaskar
Yengal
Task: Impact
Assessment
of Water
Pollution
3 SHW* Mr. Prashant
C. Dhotekar
Task: Impact
Assessment
of SHW
Mr. Ratikanta
Mohanty
Task: Impact
Assessment
of SHW
Mr.
Prabhakar
R. Sadekar
Impact
Assessment
of SHW
4 SE* Mr. Prasanjeet
Khanderao
Impact
Assessment
of SE
5 EB* Dr. P.B.
Salaskar
Impact
Assessment
of EB
Mr.
Bhaskar
Yengal
Task: Impact
Assessment
of EB
Mr. Mayur
Gulekar
Task:
Assisting
TM
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6 HG* Mr.
Ramchandra
Deo
Task: Impact
Assessment
of HG
7 GEO* Mr. Vivek
Navare
Task: Impact
Assessment
of GEO
Mr. Ratikanta
Mohanty
Task: Impact
Assessment
of GEO
8 SC* Dr. P.B.
Salaskar
Task: Impact
Assessment
of SC
Mr.
Bhaskar
Yengal
Task: Impact
Assessment
of SC
9 AQ* Mr. Ratikanta
Mohanty
Task: Impact
Assessment
of AQ
Dr.
Srikanth
Fondekar
Task: Impact
Assessment
of AQ
Mr. P. C.
Dhotekar
Task:
Assisting
FAE
Mr. Vinay
Gupta
(Associate)
Task:
Assisting
TM
Mr. Mayur
Gulekar
Task:
Assisting
TM
10 NV* Mr. Vivek
navare
Task: Impact
Assessment
of NV
Dr.
Srikanth
Fondekar
Task: Impact
Assessment
of SHW
11 LU*
Mr. Vasantha
Kumar
Task: Impact
Assessment
of LU
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Mr.
Bhaskar
Yengal
Task: Impact
Assessment
of LU
12 RH*
Dr. G. S. Bhatt
Task: Impact
Assessment
of RH
Dr.
Srikanth
Fondekar
Task: Impact
Assessment
of RH
Mr.
Prashant
C.
Dhotekar
Task:
Assisting
FAE
Mr. Vishal
Sannaki
Task: Impact
Assessment
of RH
Mr. Vinay
Gupta
(Associate)
Task:
Assisting
TM
Declaration by the Head of the Accredited Consultant Organization
/authorized person
I, Prabhakar R Sadekar, hereby, confirm that the above mentioned experts
prepared the EIA of Ingani Jharan Iron and Manganese Mines of M/s Bikash
Chandra Deb. I also confirm that the consultant organization shall be fully
accountable for any mis-leading information mentioned in this statement.
Signature :
Name : Mr. P.R Sadekar
Designation : Director
Name of the EIA Consultant Organization : M/s Sadekar Enviro Engineers Pvt.
Ltd.
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310, Dempo Towers, EDC Patto, Panaji – : 403001 Goa State India
NABET Certificate No. & Issue Date : NABET/EIA/SA/258 dated 20th
Jan 2015
Sr.
No.
Functional
Area/s (Code) Complete Name of the Functional Areas
1 AP Air Pollution Prevention, Monitoring & Control
2 WP Water Pollution Prevention, Control & Prediction of Impacts
3 SHW Solid Waste and Hazardous Waste Management
4 SE Socio-Economics
5 EB Ecology and Biodiversity
6 HG Hydrology, Ground Water & Water Conservation
7 GEO Geology
8 SC Soil Conservation
9 AQ Meteorology, Air Quality Modeling & Prediction
10 NV Noise /Vibration
11 LU Land Use
12 RH Risk Assessment & Hazard Management