Faunal RemainsFaunal Remains

Whit SchroderWhit Schroder

Archaeology of College HillArchaeology of College Hill

FBC 2007FBC 2007

ZooarchaeologyZooarchaeology

Study of animal bones from Study of animal bones from archaeological sitesarchaeological sites

How humans have interacted with How humans have interacted with animalsanimals

ShellsShells

Oyster and Clam (Quahog, Soft-shell)Oyster and Clam (Quahog, Soft-shell) Important part of Northeast diet Important part of Northeast diet

since Native American timessince Native American times Used as currency/jewelry by Native Used as currency/jewelry by Native

AmericansAmericans Usually eaten in the form of a Usually eaten in the form of a

clambakeclambake

Oyster ShellsOyster Shells

D1 SU3

Clam ShellsClam Shells

D1 SU4

Clam Shells (Quahog vs. Soft-Clam Shells (Quahog vs. Soft-Shell)Shell)

Purple ClamPurple Clam

D2 SU9Purple Clam from Cocumscussoc

Trench SU Quantity Mass (g)C1 1 4 2.1C1 3 2 0.2C1 5 2 6.2C1 6 2 0.7C1 Total 10 9.2C2 5 2 1.4C2 6 1 0.1C2 7 5 7.6C2 Total 8 9.1

D1 1 5 2.6D1 2 1 0.7D1 3 2 33.6D1 4 3 2.4D1 5 17 22D1 6 14 7D1 7 5 1.9D1 8 5 0.8D1 9 3 4.5D1 Total 55 75.5

D2 1 2 0.1D2 3 5 23D2 5 10 15.8D2 7 4 11.2D2 8 42 66.4D2 9 4 2.9D2 Total 67 119.4D3 5 1 0.4D3 Total 1 0.4

D4 4 1 1D4 6 3 4.3D4 8 3 0.8D4 Total 7 6.1

TOTAL 148 219.7

Trench SU Number of ClamsNumber of OystersMass of Clams (g)Mass of Oysters (g)InconclusiveC1 1 4 0 2.1 0 0C1 3 0 0 0 0 2C1 5 2 0 6.2 0 0C1 6 2 0 0.6 0 2C1 Total 8 0 8.9 0 4C2 5 2 0 1.4 0 0C2 6 0 0 0 0 1C2 7 1 0 5 0 4C2 Total 3 0 6.4 0 5D1 1 0 0 0 0 5D1 2 1 0 0.7 0 0D1 3 0 1 0 33 1D1 4 2 0 9.5 0 1D1 5 11 2 13.7 6.7 2D1 6 0 0 0 0 14D1 7 0 1 0 1.1 4D1 8 1 0 0.4 0 4D1 9 1 0 4 0 2D1 Total 16 4 28.3 40.8 33

D2 1 0 0 0 0 2D2 3 0 1 0 21 4D2 5 0 4 0 14.3 6D2 7 4 0 11.2 0 0D2 8 16 26 29.2 33.1 0D2 9 1 0 2.6 0 3D2 Total 21 31 43 68.4 15D3 5 0 0 0 0 1D3 Total 0 0 0 0 1D4 4 0 0 0 0 1D4 6 0 2 0 4.1 1D4 8 1 0 0.5 0 2D4 Total 1 2 0.5 4.1 4

TOTAL 49 37 87.1 113.3 62

BonesBones

Bones recovered are extremely Bones recovered are extremely fragmentaryfragmentary

Bone most commonly recovered and Bone most commonly recovered and identifiable from a site includes: identifiable from a site includes: skull, humerus, pelvis, scapulaskull, humerus, pelvis, scapula

Identification can be very difficult Identification can be very difficult and inconclusive; vague and inconclusive; vague

Trench SU Quantity Mass (g) CommentsC1 4 1 0.3 Very smallC1 Total 1 0.3

D1 4 4 11.6 All from same boneD1 4 3 1 SpongyD1 4 1 0.3 Small/AmbiguousD1 5 2 1.3 Same boneD1 9 1 1 Small/Hollow Bird Long BoneTotal 11 15.2

D2 5 1 0.6 Very small/AmbiguousD2 7 1 4.8 Vertebra (pelvis, scapula?)D2 8 1 0.5 SmallD2 Total 3 5.9

TOTAL 15 21.4

Small Bone FragmentsSmall Bone Fragments

C1 SU4

D1 SU4 D1 SU4Epiphysis Ambiguou

sEpiphysis

Small Fragments of Long Small Fragments of Long BonesBones

D2 SU5 D2 SU8

Large Fragments of BoneLarge Fragments of Bone

Distal Humerus of a Medium-Distal Humerus of a Medium-Sized Mammal, Possibly a DogSized Mammal, Possibly a Dog

D1 SU4

Fragment of a Long Bone of a Fragment of a Long Bone of a Medium-Sized MammalMedium-Sized Mammal

D1 SU5

Fragment of a Thoracic Fragment of a Thoracic Vertebra of a Medium to Large-Vertebra of a Medium to Large-

Sized MammalSized Mammal

D2 SU7

Scapula of a Deer?Scapula of a Deer?

Fragment of a Long Bone from Fragment of a Long Bone from a Domestic Birda Domestic Bird

D1 SU9

And…And…

……A Turtle Shell!A Turtle Shell!

Trench SU Mass (g) CommentsD1 9 0.4 Turtle Shell

ConclusionsConclusions

Fewer shells and bones recovered Fewer shells and bones recovered this year compared to last season – this year compared to last season – fewer test pits?fewer test pits?

Most bones discovered in D1 Most bones discovered in D1 (especially SU4) and D2, together (especially SU4) and D2, together with many shells – possible sites for with many shells – possible sites for church picnicschurch picnics