FACIAL BONES

Iva Medić, 2nd year2013/14

Mentor: A. Žmegač Horvat

SKULL cranial bones + facial bones (viscerocranium)

nasal bones

lacrimal bones

maxillary bones

mandibular bone

zygomatic bone

vomer

frontal

sphenoid

maxillary

ethmoid

Facial bones Sinuses

Various deformities

NASAL BONES

support the bridge of the nose part of the nasal septum

LACRIMAL BONES

in corners of eyes contain indentations

for the lacrimal sac

MAXILLARY BONES (MAXILLA) compose the upper jawbone

+ alveoli for teeth joined by a suture cleft palate

primary + permanent teeth

MANDIBULAR BONE lower jawbone

+ alveoli for teeth forms temporomandibular

joints (TMJ)

ZYGOMATIC BONES form the high portions of cheeks

VOMER lower part of

the nasal septum

nasal bones

lacrimal bones

maxillary bones

mandibular bone

zygomatic bone

vomer

frontal

sphenoid

maxillary

ethmoid

Facial bones Sinuses

Various deformities

SINUS

a sack or cavity in any organ or tissue

paranasal

four paired air filled spaces

around the nasal cavity maxillary sinuses

above the eyes frontal sinuses

between the eyes ethmoid sinuses

behind the ethmoid sphenoid sinuses

X-ray image of the paranasal sinuses

INFLAMMATION OF THE SINUSES connected to the nasal cavity and teeth ways

for infection to spread treatment: decongestants ((nor)epinephrine)

constriction of blood vessels; corticosteroids

CLEFT LIP/ CLEFT PALATE

separation of the parts of the lip or roof of the mouth

usually joined together during the early weeks of development

the two sides of the palate do not fuse as the fetus develops

often occurs without any previous family history

factors that are known to increase the risk: smoking or drinking during pregnancy

FACIAL PALSY (PARALYSIS) partial or total loss of function of the muscles

for facial expression inability to smile or laugh, or express any

facial movement damaged facial nerve or its nucleus, due to

trauma or a tumor

GLOBAL DATABASE ON CRANIOFACIAL ANOMALIES - IN CROATIA AND THE WORLD

cleft lip without cleft palate: 6.31 (rate per 10000)

cleft palate with or without cleft lip: 6.31

cleft palate with or without cleft lip: (rate per 10000)

Canada – 25.31

Finland – 14.31

France – 7.18

USA – 4.53

JOAQUIN PHOENIX – MICROFORM CLEFT

microform cleft – very narrowcleft the scar develops before the child is born

Gladiator (2000)

REFERENCES

Atlas of Human Amatomy, R.D. Sinelnikov, Vol1, Musculoskeletal system

The Language of Medicine, D.E. Chabner, Musculoskeletal system

http://www.littlebabyface.org/index.php/about/facial-deformities/

http://www.us.elsevierhealth.com/media/us/samplechapters/9780443072116/9780443072116.pdf

http://www.who.int/genomics/anomalies/en/ZZ-Annex.pdf