Exodus c. 1450? 1250? BCExodus c. 1450? 1250? BC “The Departure” (from Egypt) Jacob (Israel) had 12 sons, progenitors of 12 tribes

of Israel Joseph sold to Egyptian slavers by brothers,

interprets Pharaoh’s dream, saves Egypt and others from famine

Hebrews settle in Egypt, made slaves, multiply Moses escapes order to kill male Hebrew children,

adopted by Princess of Egypt but but raised by Hebrew mother

Moses shows loyalties by killing taskmaster beating slave, forced to flee Egypt

“The Departure” (from Egypt) Jacob (Israel) had 12 sons, progenitors of 12 tribes

of Israel Joseph sold to Egyptian slavers by brothers,

interprets Pharaoh’s dream, saves Egypt and others from famine

Hebrews settle in Egypt, made slaves, multiply Moses escapes order to kill male Hebrew children,

adopted by Princess of Egypt but but raised by Hebrew mother

Moses shows loyalties by killing taskmaster beating slave, forced to flee Egypt

ExodusExodus Moses, settles down, marries, meets God in

burning Bush What is your name? (Which god are you?)

“I am” = play on the name Yahweh. The God of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob

Moses reluctant Poor public speaker - brother Aaron will

do the talking Miracles for credibility

Moses, settles down, marries, meets God in burning Bush

What is your name? (Which god are you?) “I am” = play on the name Yahweh. The God of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob

Moses reluctant Poor public speaker - brother Aaron will

do the talking Miracles for credibility

The Ten PlaguesThe Ten Plagues Makes Pharaoh let the Israelites go God hardens Pharaoh’s heart so he can pour out

full measure of his wrath Demonstrates Yahweh’s power and spreads his

Name Loot Last Plague = Angel of death, kills firstborn Escape across parted Red Sea, Pharaoh & army

drowned when waters close Song of Moses

Yahweh is a Man of War Who is like you, O Yahweh, among the gods?

Makes Pharaoh let the Israelites go God hardens Pharaoh’s heart so he can pour out

full measure of his wrath Demonstrates Yahweh’s power and spreads his

Name Loot Last Plague = Angel of death, kills firstborn Escape across parted Red Sea, Pharaoh & army

drowned when waters close Song of Moses

Yahweh is a Man of War Who is like you, O Yahweh, among the gods?

PassoverPassover Named from Angel of death “passing over”

Hebrew houses Celebration of the Exodus from Egypt

Defining event - God as deliverer “I am Yahweh, your God, who brought you out

of Egypt”

Passover Lamb - blood on doorposts protected from Angel of Death

Unleavened bread - haste Bitter Herbs - slavery

Named from Angel of death “passing over” Hebrew houses

Celebration of the Exodus from Egypt Defining event - God as deliverer “I am Yahweh, your God, who brought you out

of Egypt”

Passover Lamb - blood on doorposts protected from Angel of Death

Unleavened bread - haste Bitter Herbs - slavery

PassoverPassover Originally eaten in haste, dressed to travel, bloody

doorpostsModernizations Other boiled meat (lamb substitute) Pebbly mixture of walnuts, apples, cinnamon,

wine - mortar of slaves Vegetables - parsley, celery or potato dipped in

salt water (tears) Roasted Egg - mourns destruction of temple where

special Passover sacrifice made Find the matza game for kids, gifts

Originally eaten in haste, dressed to travel, bloody doorposts

Modernizations Other boiled meat (lamb substitute) Pebbly mixture of walnuts, apples, cinnamon,

wine - mortar of slaves Vegetables - parsley, celery or potato dipped in

salt water (tears) Roasted Egg - mourns destruction of temple where

special Passover sacrifice made Find the matza game for kids, gifts

Amalekite AmbushAmalekite Ambush

Attack from the rear, where old, sick, defenseless are

God promises revenge, carries out 400 years later under Saul

Attack from the rear, where old, sick, defenseless are

God promises revenge, carries out 400 years later under Saul

Yom KippurThe Day of Atonement

Yom KippurThe Day of Atonement

Sacrificial goat Scapegoat (Azazel) Excess sins transferred from people to priest

to goat, who is driven into the desert Today: Time of repentance, reflection,

resolution to do better in the coming year

Sacrificial goat Scapegoat (Azazel) Excess sins transferred from people to priest

to goat, who is driven into the desert Today: Time of repentance, reflection,

resolution to do better in the coming year

The Ten CommandmentsThe Ten Commandments

Not the only commandments, just really important ones

Engraved on tablet’s by God Originals destroyed by Moses, replacement

set put in Ark of the Covenant

Not the only commandments, just really important ones

Engraved on tablet’s by God Originals destroyed by Moses, replacement

set put in Ark of the Covenant

The Ten CommandmentsThe Ten Commandments1. No other gods2. No idols3. Don’t misuse “Yahweh”4. Sabbath (no work on Saturday)5. Honor parents6. No murder7. No adulery8. No stealing9. No perjury10. No coveting (only internal attitude)

1. No other gods2. No idols3. Don’t misuse “Yahweh”4. Sabbath (no work on Saturday)5. Honor parents6. No murder7. No adulery8. No stealing9. No perjury10. No coveting (only internal attitude)

The Ark of the CovenantThe Ark of the Covenant

Written on 2 stone tablet’s by God’s finger Replacement set put in ark Only priests could cary

Written on 2 stone tablet’s by God’s finger Replacement set put in ark Only priests could cary

40 Years in the Wilderness40 Years in the Wilderness

Caleb’s recon mission Faithless Israelites Moses loses his temper Miriam struck with leprosey - why? Blessings and Cursings

Caleb’s recon mission Faithless Israelites Moses loses his temper Miriam struck with leprosey - why? Blessings and Cursings

KosherKosher

Large land animals Split or cloven hooves Chew the cud

Fish Gills, fins and scales No shellfish!

Birds: No predatory birds scavengers

Large land animals Split or cloven hooves Chew the cud

Fish Gills, fins and scales No shellfish!

Birds: No predatory birds scavengers

Yom KippurThe Day of Atonement

Yom KippurThe Day of Atonement

Sacrificial goat Scapegoat (Azazel) Excess sins transferred from people to priest

to goat, who is driven into the desert Today: Time of repentance, reflection,

resolution to do better in the coming year

Sacrificial goat Scapegoat (Azazel) Excess sins transferred from people to priest

to goat, who is driven into the desert Today: Time of repentance, reflection,

resolution to do better in the coming year

The Invasion of CanaanThe Invasion of Canaan

Why is Canaan the “Promised Land”? The “Ban” Achan’s Sin Moral Implications

Why is Canaan the “Promised Land”? The “Ban” Achan’s Sin Moral Implications

SamsonSamson

Judge of renowned strength

Nazarite Vow Weakness: Foreign

Women The Woman of

Timnah - Philistine

Judge of renowned strength

Nazarite Vow Weakness: Foreign

Women The Woman of

Timnah - Philistine

SamsonSamson

Interracial marriage was interfaith marriage

When you marry a foreigner, you marry her gods

Samson & Solomon shared same weakness

Interracial marriage was interfaith marriage

When you marry a foreigner, you marry her gods

Samson & Solomon shared same weakness

SamsonSamson

The Sovereignty and Providence of God: Yahweh uses human weakness to accomplish his purposes

“…for Yahweh sought an opportunity against the Philistines”

The Sovereignty and Providence of God: Yahweh uses human weakness to accomplish his purposes

“…for Yahweh sought an opportunity against the Philistines”

SamsonSamson

Nazarite vow The lion and the riddle “Out of the eater came something to eat; out

of the strong came something sweet.” Philistine extortion, cheating, fiance

conspires against him, marries best man Samson wages one-man war against the

Philistines.

Nazarite vow The lion and the riddle “Out of the eater came something to eat; out

of the strong came something sweet.” Philistine extortion, cheating, fiance

conspires against him, marries best man Samson wages one-man war against the

Philistines.

DelilahDelilah

Another Philistine No marriage plans this

time Nags him night and

day for the secret of his strength

Samson finally betrayed, hair cut in his sleep

Another Philistine No marriage plans this

time Nags him night and

day for the secret of his strength

Samson finally betrayed, hair cut in his sleep

The Capture of Samson - ReubensThe Capture of Samson - Reubens

SamsonSamson

Eyes put out Chained between

pillars at Temple of Dagon

Samson “killed more Philistines in death, than he did in life”

Eyes put out Chained between

pillars at Temple of Dagon

Samson “killed more Philistines in death, than he did in life”

The MonarchyThe Monarchy

Under Judges Israel was a loose confederation of tribes

Secular explanation: no united military defense, no standing army

Religious explanation: God was punishing them for worshiping idols

Under Judges Israel was a loose confederation of tribes

Secular explanation: no united military defense, no standing army

Religious explanation: God was punishing them for worshiping idols

SaulSaul

First King - tall, charismatic, good commander, but insubordinate

Makes a sacrifice reserved for Levites (Priests) Botches the Amalekite genocide Resorts to necromancy (séance to bring up

Samuel) Commits suicide, body mutilated, cremated

First King - tall, charismatic, good commander, but insubordinate

Makes a sacrifice reserved for Levites (Priests) Botches the Amalekite genocide Resorts to necromancy (séance to bring up

Samuel) Commits suicide, body mutilated, cremated

DavidDavid

Good King, makes Saul look like a false start

Promised an everlasting Kingdom, model for the Messiah

Sin with Bathsheba results in personal and political consequences

Nathan’s parable of the pet lamb

Good King, makes Saul look like a false start

Promised an everlasting Kingdom, model for the Messiah

Sin with Bathsheba results in personal and political consequences

Nathan’s parable of the pet lamb

SolomonSolomon

Asks God for wisdom, given riches as well Weakness for foreign women, builds

temples to their gods Because of his Father, retains Kingdom, but

his son loses it 922 B.C. Israel split into Northern and

Southern Kingdoms

Asks God for wisdom, given riches as well Weakness for foreign women, builds

temples to their gods Because of his Father, retains Kingdom, but

his son loses it 922 B.C. Israel split into Northern and

Southern Kingdoms

The Divided KingdomThe Divided Kingdom

Secular explanation: Reheboam’s rash threats, regional conflicts and resentment over Solomon’s building projects

“My little finger is thicker than my father’s loins!”

Religious explanation for split: God is punishing Solomon for idolotry

Secular explanation: Reheboam’s rash threats, regional conflicts and resentment over Solomon’s building projects

“My little finger is thicker than my father’s loins!”

Religious explanation for split: God is punishing Solomon for idolotry

Successive ConquestSuccessive Conquest

The Split of the Kingdom into the Northern and Southern Kingdoms in 922 B.C.

Israel falls to the Assyrians in 722 B.C. Judah falls to the Babylonians in 587 B.C. The Babylonian Captivity

Temple system and sacrifice less important Emphasis on study of scripture and prayer on Sabbath at local

house of worship (synagogue) Importance of Teacher schooled in Scripture & Tradtion (Rabbi)

The Split of the Kingdom into the Northern and Southern Kingdoms in 922 B.C.

Israel falls to the Assyrians in 722 B.C. Judah falls to the Babylonians in 587 B.C. The Babylonian Captivity

Temple system and sacrifice less important Emphasis on study of scripture and prayer on Sabbath at local

house of worship (synagogue) Importance of Teacher schooled in Scripture & Tradtion (Rabbi)

Successive ConquestSuccessive Conquest

The Persians Defeat the Babylonians, Jews return to Judah, rebuild Jerusalem

The Greek Conquest and Maccabean Revolt Hanukkah Roman Rule Rebellion and the Diaspora 70, 130 A.D. The Holocaust and Restoration of Israel in

1948

The Persians Defeat the Babylonians, Jews return to Judah, rebuild Jerusalem

The Greek Conquest and Maccabean Revolt Hanukkah Roman Rule Rebellion and the Diaspora 70, 130 A.D. The Holocaust and Restoration of Israel in

1948

Other Themes of the TanakhOther Themes of the Tanakh

Life After Death The Messiah Job and the Problem of Evil

Life After Death The Messiah Job and the Problem of Evil