Post on 09-Feb-2016
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2A: Microscopy
Post Lab 2 is assigned today and due by the time your lab meets next.
Pre Lab 3 will be available on Wednesday at 5 PM and is also due by the time your lab meets next.
LNA Bacteria is assigned today, and due by the time your lab meets next*.
Pre-Lab Write Up for LNA 3 is due within the first 5 minutes of lab next week.
*You will have time at the beginning of week 3 to look at your bacterial plates and complete your LNA
Develop working knowledge of a brightfield light microscope
Discern between different types of microscopy
Practice techniques: objectives, oil, wet mount, measurements
Practice with the objectives, focusing, and positioning using the prepared slides.Use your lab manual as a reference if you are having trouble pages 30-31.
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Bacterial Observation
Spherecocci
Rodbacilli
SpiralSpirochete and spirilla
2B: Bacteria
Become familiar with the scientific process by generating hypotheses, making predictions and designing experiments
Determine potential sources of microbial contamination in the laboratory
Obtain a pure culture of bacteria by streaking for isolated colonies on solid media
Prokaryotes: lack a nuclear membraneSmall, single cell organismsExist in huge numbers in small amounts of material
Found almost everywhere
Look for contamination by testing for growth on bacterial medium.
A population of cells, all of which are descended from a single cell.
Liquid or SolidAgar
Non-toxicRemains solid at high temperaturesNot used as a nutrient
Defined or Complex
To kill all living organismsAutoclavingBakingAlcoholFlamingFiltration
Inoculating LoopSerological PipettesMicroliter Pipettes
Cluster of cells visible to the naked eye
Facilitating:Isolation of pure culturesEnumeration of cell concentration in liquid suspensions
ID of bacterial species based upon the appearance of the colonies
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A diluted suspension is pipetted directly onto the surface of an agar plate and spread across the surface using a sterile glass spreader.
The number of colonies on a plate is assumed to be equal to the number of viable cells which were spread on the plateLimiting Factors
No more than 0.2 ml of cell suspension should be spread on the plate
Resulting in 30 to 300 cells spread on the plate
The number of cells per ml is directly proportional to the mass of cells per ml
Using Spectrophotometers to measure Optical Density (OD)Light is lost as it passes through the suspension because it is scattered and absorbed by the cells.
Data can be used to construct a standard curve.
A Standard Curve of Viable Cells Versus Turbidity
Positive Stains: cells pick up colorNegative Stains: background color, cells appear white
Labeling platesLabel the bottom of the agar plate Write on the periphery of the plateWrite your name, section, date, and location
Use the sterile swab to collect your contaminant and put it on the agar plate
Incubate plates for 48 hours at 37ºC
Isolate Pure Cultures Using Aseptic TechniqueE. coliUse Streak Techniques
You should come to lab next with with your lab notebook assignment almost complete.
There will be enough time at the beginning of week 3 to observe your plates and finish the Data Presentation/Results and Conclusions.
Also remember to have your Pre-Lab write-up (purpose, procedure, data table) for Exercise 3: Enzymes at the beginning of class.