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Aerospace Propulsion Branch - September 2006

EUROPEAN SPACE PROPULSIONFACING A TECHNOLOGICAL CHALLENGE

Assemblée de l'Union de l'Europe Occidentale Conférence Interparlementaire Européenne de l'EspaceKourou - 19-22 septembre 2006

Jean-Paul HertemanSenior Vice President, Safran

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Aerospace Propulsion Branch - September 2006

NO MARGIN : PAYLOAD 1.5% TAKE-OFF WEIGHT

EXTREME CONDITIONS : - 250°C TO 3500°C

1/3 - 1/2 LAUNCH VEHICLE VALUE

PROPULSION TECHNOLOGY ONE OF THE CRITICAL KEYS FOR ACCESS TO SPACE

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Aerospace Propulsion Branch - September 2006

DOES EUROPE HAVE A COMPETITIVE SPACE PROPULSION TECHNOLOGICAL AND INDUSTRIAL BASIS ?

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Aerospace Propulsion Branch - September 2006

HIGH PERFORMANCE UPPER STAGE ENGINESIN THE WORLD

Reignitable

Nb of successsfull flights

First flight

Cost* (M€)

ISP (s)

Country

Engine

371 - 8

1963 - 1998

4.6 - 5.4

450 - 466

RL10 A&B

266

1967

NA

356

11D58

8

2001

5.1

447

LE 5B

142

1979

4

446

HM 7

15

1994

NA

440

YF 75

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Aerospace Propulsion Branch - September 2006

A EUROPEAN TECHNOLOGY BREAKTHROUGHON A… U.S. INSTITUTIONAL LAUNCH VEHICLE

• World Première

• Carbon-carbon composites

• 9 successfull flights

Designed and produced by

BOEING DELTA IV UPPER STAGE ENGINE FLIGHT EXPANDABLE NOZZLE

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Aerospace Propulsion Branch - September 2006

SATELLITE ELECTRIC THRUSTERS

SNECMA PPS 1350® hall effect thrusterKey to Smart-1 ESA mission success

FROM THE EARTH TO THE MOON WITH JUST 75 KG OF XENON

A MAJOR STEP TO THE FUTURE IN SPACE EXPLORATION & OPERATIONS

• win-win Snecma / Fakel (Russia) cooperation from the '90s

• no dependency

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Aerospace Propulsion Branch - September 2006

… BUT …

WE ARE SMALL

AT RISK TO CROSS SUB-CRITICAL SIZE BOUNDARY

AND STILL FAR TOO FRAGMENTED

YES … WE HAVE A CAPABLE TECHNOLOGICAL AND INDUSTRIAL BASIS

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Aerospace Propulsion Branch - September 2006

EUROPEAN INDUSTRY SCATTERED & NEAR SUB-CRITICALUS AND EUROPEAN SPACE PROPULSION COMPANIES TURNOVER IN 2005 (M€)

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

ATKPWR

Aerojet

Safran Avio SME

EADS ST

MT Aerosp

ace

Volvo ae

ro

Amspac

-ISP

1€=1$

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Aerospace Propulsion Branch - September 2006

SPACE PROPULSION HUMAN RESOURCES

*Pro rata annual report 2005

500

700

900

1 100

1 300

1 500

1 700

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

Staff evolution at Snecma Vernon

ATK*: 6600

PWR: 3800

AEROJET: 3100

SAFRAN*: 2300

AVIO *: 695

ASTRIUM *: 450

Volvo *: 125

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Aerospace Propulsion Branch - September 2006

Engineering system (mechanical)

Engineering system (functional)

Material/NDA

Controls

Combustion

Turmomachinery

6 p / 196 y 6 p / 119 y

14 p / 324 y

6 p / 72 y

6 p / 119 y

9 p / 198 y

SNECMA VERNON HR SENIOR EXPERTISE BREAKDOWNIN LIQUID ROCKET ENGINE TECHNOLOGIES

staff by technical fieldscumulated years of expertise

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Aerospace Propulsion Branch - September 2006

Vulcain engine

ARIANE 5 VULCAIN ENGINE KALEIDOSCOPE

Hot gas valve

Oxygen turbine

OxygenTP

Chamber valve

Purge valve

HydrogenTP

Hydorgen turbine

Sensors

Gimbal, Thermal protection

Chamber

Support

Nozzle

Sensors

Sensors

Sensors

Electrovalve unit

Astrium

Snecma

SnecmaPropulsion Solide

SnecmaMoteurs

Meggitt

APP

Starter, igniters

Flexible hose Gas generator, Valve generator

Oxygen supply line, Hydrogen supply line

Snecma

Avio

Snecma Vulcain 2system integration

MT Aero

A strength for Europe…… but …

An industrial challenge

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Aerospace Propulsion Branch - September 2006

ARIANE 5 VULCAIN ENGINE CONTRACTUAL FLOW

Has been improved… but still too stretched

(-) Nb of engineers working on cryogenic engines ArianespaceFinal customer

AstriumLauncher Prime

Snecma (370 p)Liquid propulsion Prime

Astrium D. (130 p)Thrust chamber

AVIO (50 p)Lox Turbo Pump

Techspace Aero (25 p)Valves …

CNESDesign authority

Nozzle Lox TurbineVolvo (40)

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Aerospace Propulsion Branch - September 2006

ARIANE 5 BOOSTER MPS INDUSTRIAL ORGANIZATION

Has also been improved (BIP Operations) … but … not yet optimized

AVIO - SME

SAFRAN - AVIO

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Aerospace Propulsion Branch - September 2006

WHAT CAN WE DO ?

RESTRUCTURE

FINANCE

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Aerospace Propulsion Branch - September 2006

FROM "STRICT" GEO RETURN TO AN EUROPEANNETWORK OF CENTERS OF COMPETENCE

Today

Neutral Transfers… no looser

Technology national flags… associated labs… strong…

Far more efficient … integrated management … no unnecessary duplications

COC Combustion

StuttgartMunich

COC Tests

Tomorrow ?

Vernon

COC Turbomachinery

COC System integration

System integrationTurbomachineryCombustion Tests

Snecma

Vernon

Astrium GmbHDLR

Ottobrunn LampoldshausenCombustion System integration

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Aerospace Propulsion Branch - September 2006

N.R.C Business Revenue Business Revenue

Incl. Spare partsCivil Aircraft Engine

CFM class

Cryo Rocket EngineVinci class

3000 M$Over 15 years 5000 M$

to 10 000 M$Over 30 years

600 M$

400 M$ 600 M$ Ariane2000 M$

Total World

Over 30 years

SPACE LAUNCH VEHICLE PROPULSION BUSINESS: "MARKET FAILURE"

Commercial launch business provides volume to maintain operation skills, not ROI

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Aerospace Propulsion Branch - September 2006

SPACE PROPULSION CRITICAL PATH

Propulsion

1Launhers 5

Satellites 10

Services Applications 100

European R &D rocket liquid propulsion budget

020406080

100120140160

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

(M€)

Game over ?

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Aerospace Propulsion Branch - September 2006

VINCI TO ENSURE THE FUTURE

MORE PAYLOAD, MORE VERSATILE

-

Vinci

4.5

465

2013

YF 75HM 7 LE 5B 11D58RL10 A&B

Engine

Country

ISP (s)

Cost* (M€)

First flight 1994

446 447450 - 466.5 356 440

1979 2001 19671963 - 1998

Nb of successsfull flights 15142 8 266371 - 8

NA4 5.1 NA4.6 - 5,4

Reignitable

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Aerospace Propulsion Branch - September 2006

SELF HEALING

SPACE R & T GLOBAL LEVERAGING

Atmospheric re-entry

Aeronautics

Rocketengines

Space Telescopes & Industry

Brakes

Mix flow nozzle

IN RETURN, HIGH VOLUME DIVERSIFICATIONS SUSTAIN SPACE ACTIVITY

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Aerospace Propulsion Branch - September 2006

SPACE R&T GLOBAL LEVERAGING

Module 5kW

30 kW Unit

Co-generation Stationnary

Space transport

Transport

Liquefied natural gasFuel Cells

Gas combustion unit

LP Pumps

SPACE PROPULSION CRYOGENIC SYSTEMS

TECHNOLOGY

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Aerospace Propulsion Branch - September 2006

« Control your own destiny or somebody will do it for you »