Post on 07-Aug-2015
ETHERNET
Ethernet is a family of computer networking technologies for local area networks (LANs).
Introduced in 1980 and standardized in 1985 as IEEE Standard Project 802.3.
Introduction
Ethernet provides services up to and including the data link layer which is divided into 2 sublayers: LLC & MAC.
Logic Link Control: Provides interconnectivity between different LANs.
Media Access Control: Frames data received from the upper layer & passes to the physical layer.
Physical Layer: It defines transmission of raw bits rather than data packets.
Introduction
802.3 MAC frame
Ethernet Evolution
Standard Ethernet
10Base5: Max Length=500m, uses bus topology. 10Base2: Max Length is roughly 185m. Very flexible. Uses a bus topology too.
10Base-T : Connected to a hub via 2 twisted cables. Uses a star topology. Max Length=100m.
10Base-F :Connected to a hub via 2 fiber optic cables. Uses a star topology. Max Length=2000m.
Standard Ethernet
Fast Ethernet
Fast Ethernet
100 BASE-TX 100 BASE-FX 100 BASE-T4
Intel PRO/100 Fast Ethernet NIC, a PCI card
The goals of the above are: Upgrade the data rate to 100Mbps. Make it compatible with Standard Ethernet. Keep the same 48-bit address. Keep the same frame format. Keep the same minimum & maximum frame lengths.
Fast Ethernet
100Base-TX uses 2 Twisted Pair cables.
Good Bandwidth. 100Base-T4 uses 4 pairs of Unshielded Twisted Pair cables. This is cost efficient.
TX
100Base-FX uses 2 pairs of Fiber optic cables. Higher Bandwidth.
Uses 1300 nm near infrared wavelength Max length
◦ 412 m for half duplex.◦ 2 kms for full duplex.
FX
Gigabit Ethernet
Gigabit Ethernet Implementations
1000 BASE- SX
1000 base- LX
1000BASE-CX
1000 BASE-T
The goals of the above are: Upgrade the data rate to 1Gbps. Make it compatible with Standard or Fast Ethernet. Use the same 48-bit address. Use the same frame format. Keep the minimum & maximum frame lengths.
Gigabit Ethernet
Intel PRO/1000 GT PCI NIC card
Upgrade the data rate to 10Gbps. Make it compatible with Standard, Fast & Gigabit Ethernet.
Use the same 48-bit address. Use the same frame format. Keep the same minimum & maximum frame lengths.
Ten-Gigabit Ethernet
Allow the interconnection of existing LANs into a Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN).
Make Ethernet compatible with technologies like Frame Relay & ATM.
Ten-Gigabit Ethernet
Ten-Gigabit Ethernet
Classification:◦ 1. Single mode fiber (SMF)◦ 2. Multi mode Fiber (MMF)
Single mode: Light follows a single path Multi mode: Light follows multiple path leading to
differential mode delay.
Optical fiber
THANK YOU