Post on 27-Feb-2018
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Ergonomics in Welding
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What will You learn
Identify WMSDs hazardousexposures in welding jos
!ropose solutions for hazardousexposures
"ind further information aoutergonomics in welding operations
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#azards
Welding operations are necessary in manyindustries such as construction$ manufacturing$maintenance$ etc%
Welding has se&eral hazardous conditions forwomen and men in these jos%
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#azards
'ommon hazards found in welding are(inhaling metals fumes$
eye exposure to welding arc light )*+$ &isile,$
foreign ojects in eyes$
urns$
noise$
cuts$ ruises$ etc%
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WMSD #azards
Welding also includes musculos-eletal disorders)WMSD, hazards such as(
aw-ward ody postures$
lifting hea&y e.uipment or materials$static postures for prolonged periods$
aw-ward postures of the wrist$ etc%
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/y 0ature of Injury
Sprains account formore than 123 of thecompensale claimsamong welders in theState of Washington%
Some of those coulde caused yhazardous WMSDexposures%
compensable claims Welders, Cutters
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compensable claims Welders, Cutters
/y /ody !art
4he ac-$ nec- andshoulder together withthe arm and handregions ma-e up morethan one half of theinjuries among weldersin Washington State%
!re&enti&e effortsshould therefore focuson those ody partsamong welders at your
wor-place%
Welding is a strenuous occupation in&ol&ingwor- in aw-ward postures and handlinghea&y e.uipment$ usually with a high degreeof sustained stress to arm and shoulders%
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5sences due to injury or illnessand the transfer of welders toother tas-s
6&ertime for replacement
wor-ers% Welders are s-illedemployees
#igh employee turno&er
Increased training andsuper&isory time
7educed producti&ity and .uality
'onse.uences of a poor wor-ingen&ironment
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7igorous manual precision
re.uirements
8 #igh degree of uniformity
5w-ward and static postures
8 Difficult wor- position
#ea&y lifting$ difficult material
handling8 #ea&y ojects$ hea&y welding
e.uipment
7epetition
8 #igh wor- intensity
OFTEN, MORE THAN 1 RIS FACTOR IS !RESENT
WMDS hazards most common in welding
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Duration )how long9,
"re.uency )how often9,
Intensity )how hard9,
#azard Elements
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Wor-ing infront
Wor-ing atgroundle&el
Wor-ingao&e theshoulders
Wor-ing atground le&el$precision wor-
Wor-ing atground le&el$confined space
Wor-ing ao&eshoulders$confined space
From: Torner et al, 1991
'ommon postures adopted in welding
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4orso twisting
5w-ward postures in welding
Se&ere torso flexion
:neeling$ s.uatting
/ent wrists
0ec- flexion2extension
Shoulder flexion2aduction )separation,
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4o simplify the welding performance for the
welder and reduce the physical load during
the wor-
5utomate physically demanding or
repetiti&e jos
Expand the wor- content of welders
)pro&ide flexiility etween jos,8 Multi;s-illed wor-ers who are ale to
perform different tas-s within a group,
4he goal of a healthy wor- en&ironment
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6ften cost$ ease of maintenance$ spaceconsiderations dri&e the design process
When hazards can
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!ossile Ergonomic Impro&ements
#ea&y =ifting
Manipulators =ighter welding
e.uipment$ easier tohandle *sing lighter cales
with low stiffness *se cale supporting
de&ices)alancers,
*tilize o&erheadhoists
*tilize lifting and
turning tales
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Ergonomic impro&ements
5w-ward !ostures
!osition wor- etweenwaist and shoulder$
when possile =ifting tales
Motorized positioningde&ices
*se welding guns withswi&els and designedfor use in oth hands
Wor- stool
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Ergonomic impro&ements
4eam lifting helpsreduce hea&y$aw-ward lifting of
e.uipment andmaterials%
5"4E7
"rom( SIM5 San Diego Ergonomics !rogram
/E"67E
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Ergonomic impro&ements
4o reduce wor-ingwith the ac- ent atground le&el$ any
wor- tale will helpto adopt a saferposture
5"4E7
"rom( Shipyard Ergonomics$ >??3/E"67E
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Ergonomic impro&ements
!re;assemly andmaterial handling
e.uipment helps reduceunnecessary lifting orany other -ind ofmanual material
handling
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Ergonomic impro&ements
4his rotational clampfor pipe helps reduceaw-ward postures forthe nec-$ shoulders
and arms%
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Ergonomic impro&ements
4ales for weldingand transport reduce
manual lifting$carrying of hea&ymaterials%
4he tales also ha&ewheels%
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Ergonomic impro&ements
Welding leads on
pulleys help reducehea&y and aw-wardlifting$ static posturesfor long periods%
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Ergonomic impro&ements
7ootic automation$ arealso feasile solutions to
highly repetiti&e motionswith the arms andhands% May also reducethe exposure to fumes%
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0ot implementing
some or all these
ergonomics guidelines
may result in thefollowing@
!ossile 'onse.uences
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6ften occur when the
physical demands of wor-cause wear and tear
In&ol&e soft tissues such
as muscles$ tendons$ligaments$ joints$ ner&es$lood &essels
4hey are cumulati&e )occur o&ertime and not a result of a single incident,(
Wor-;related musculos-eletal disorders
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Wor-;related musculos-eletal disorders
/ro-en ones
'uts
Slips
"alls
4rips
Motor &ehicle accidents
/eing struc- y orcaught with ojects
4hey are not acute injuries such as(
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/ac- injuries
Shoulder pain2loss of range of motion
4endinitis2/ursitis 7educed muscle strength
'arpal tunnel syndrome
White finger :nee joint diseases
'ommon disorders among welders
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4he Ergonomics 'ycle
4he ergonomics cycle
pro&ides with anorganized way tostart yourergonomics effort%
EmployeeIn&ol&ement
E&aluateprogress
ManagementSupport
!rolemIdentification
SolutionImplementation
5ddressInjuries
4raining