Post on 18-Jan-2018
description
EnzymesEnzymes1
What Are Enzymes?What Are Enzymes?Many large
proteins are enzymesenzymes
Act as CatalystCatalyst to accelerates (speed up) a reaction
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EnzymesEnzymesAre specific for
what they will catalyzecatalyze Only fit/work Only fit/work
with one with one substancesubstance
End in –asease-Sucrase -Sucrase -Lactase-Lactase-Maltase-Maltase
Are ReusableReusable
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How do enzymes Work?How do enzymes Work?Enzymes work by
weakening bonds weakening bonds which which lowers lowers activation energyactivation energyThe minimum The minimum
amount of amount of energy needed energy needed to start a to start a reactionreaction
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EnzymesEnzymes 5
FreeEnergy
Progress of the reaction
Reactants
Products
Free energy of activationFree energy of activation
Without EnzymeWith Enzyme
The substancesubstance (reactant) an enzymeenzyme acts on is the substratesubstrate
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EnzymeSubstrate Joins
Ex: sucrose is the substrate for sucrase
Active SiteActive SiteA regionregion of an enzymeenzyme
where the substrate substrate bindsbinds.
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EnzymeSubstrate
Active Site
Induced FitInduced FitA change in the shapeshape of an enzyme’s active site
It is It is induced induced (caused)(caused) by the substrate
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Things that change enzyme Things that change enzyme effectivenesseffectiveness
1.1. TemperatureTemperaturea)a) high temps high temps may denaturedenature the enzyme. enzyme.
I.I. Changes its shape and makes it Changes its shape and makes it nonfunctionalnonfunctional
2.2. pHpHa)a) most like pH between 6 - 8 pH most like pH between 6 - 8 pH
(near neutral)(near neutral)3.3. Substrate and enzyme concentrationSubstrate and enzyme concentration
a)a) High concentrations increase functionHigh concentrations increase functionb)b) Low concentrations decrease functionLow concentrations decrease function
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