Environmental Issues little extra effort can make a big difference Oscar Siches METS, Amsterdam,...

Environmental Issues

little extra effort can make a big difference

Oscar SichesMETS, Amsterdam, 16.11.2005

- Definition- General approach-“Changing the chip” - Obvious and not so obvious elements- The less addressed issues- Conclusions

Definition

environment ANoun1 environment, environs, surroundings, surround the area in which something

exists or lives; "the country--the flat agricultural surround" Category Tree: ╚environment, environs, surroundings,

surround ╚melting_pot╚habitat;╚setting; scene ╚medium╚ambience

2 environment the totality of surrounding conditions; "he longed for the comfortable environment of his livingroom"

Category Tree: ╚environment ╚street╚sphere; domain; area; orbit; field; arena╚milieu; surroundings╚home╚setting; background; scope╚ecology

•Oscar Siches•METS, Amsterdam, 16.11.2005

Definition

Environment

The nongenetic conditions and circumstances that affect a person's conduct and health.

General Approach

• Environmental Control is focused mainly on Ecology, which is only a part of the Environment concept.

→ Waste control→ Spills control→ Energy consumption→ Sustainable processes

Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations to meet their own needs.

• Environmental Matters include a much wider scope of elements than those regarding the Ecology.

→ Social aspects→ Noise→ Visual impact

General Approach to Environmental MattersEnvironmental Matters and Environmental Control

General Approach to Environmental MattersImplementing the standards

• The Ecological part of Environmental Control in Yachting is a rather recent phenomenon.

• Other type of Environment Control are implemented in yacht clubs and marinas since many years ago as result of their own policies.

→ To emphasize tradition values→ To show might and wealth→ To establish a social level

General Approach to Environmental MattersThe desired impression

Changing the chip

Changing the ChipImplementing the standards

• Most commercial run marinas tend to implement the environmental (ecological) control regulations just to fulfill the legal

impositions.

Changing the ChipGovernment actions evolution on rules and regulations

MOT vehicle technical inspections1960 - Brakes, lights and steering to be checked on

vehicles older than 10 years (10 year test)1967- age of vehicle reduced to 3 years1990- thorough testing including catalytic converters1996- Full compliance with EC 96/96 “ Roadworthiness

tests for motor vehicles and their trailers

• Seat belts first introduced by Volvo in 1959. Mandatory in 1967 in UK

1972 in W Germany 1996 EC for all cars and minibuses.

• What is done now creates experience for tomorrow

• Transmit actively the experience to create awareness

• Lack of success is no failure

Changing the ChipPreparing ourselves

• Improving now builds experience for tomorrow• Transmitting the experience to create awareness• Actively involve users in the actions• Lack of success is no failure

Changing the ChipPreparing ourselves

I have not failed. I've just found 10,000 ways that won't work. Thomas A. Edison

Obvious and not-so-obvious

• Waste

• Spills

• Noise

• Emissions

Obvious and not so obvious threatsThe obvious

• Structure ( pier, pylons, pipes )

- Choice of material consequent with Env.Control→ Steel is the vulnerable part of concrete in contact with water. Water permeates and produces corrosion of the steel. This affects structural strength. Near the concrete surface, the rust formation can create cracks exposing the steel core and increasing corrosion in other nearby objects, including yachts.

- Use of Carbon Fiber instead of Steel

- Application of coatings or additives to prevent erosion and corrosion

Obvious and not so obviousThe hidden matters to deal with:

Dead weights, anchors, chains

Obvious and not so obviousThe hidden matters to deal with:

Obvious and HiddenWhat is hidden or difficult to realize:

Dead weights, anchors, chains→ Helix type anchors

Obvious and HiddenWhat is hidden or difficult to realize:

• Rain water

→ Collection for recycling

→ Disposal through sewage network

The less addressed issues

The less addressed issuesNoise, Light Pollution and Visual Impact:

• EC regulations being enforced• Permanent influence on Human beings• Very easy to integrate at design / project state

The less addressed issuesEC Regulations / Noise

European Parliament and Council Directive2000/14/ECon the approximation of the laws of the Member StatesRelating to the Noise Emission in the Environment

The future EU strategy for noise policy · 2001 : harmonised methods and EU targets

· 2002 : Framework Directive in force

· 2006 : harmonised methods in force

· 2006+ : EU targets in force

The less addressed issuesEC Regulations / Noise

10) The level of exposure to noise can be more effectivelyreduced by incorporating preventive measures into thedesign of work stations and places of work and byselecting work equipment, procedures and methods soas to give priority to reducing the risks at source.

•DIRECTIVE 2003/10/ECon the minimum health and safety requirements regarding the exposure of workers to the risks arising from physical agents (noise)

The less addressed issuesSpanish Regulations / Noise

LAW 37/2003, of 17 November 2003, of Noise.

Article 1. Subject and purpose

The aim of this law is to prevent, watch over and reduce acoustic contamination in

order to avoid and reduce the damages that can be caused by such in human health,

property or the environment.

The less addressed issuesSpanish Regulations / Noise

A los efectos de esta ley, los emisores acústicos ( Acoustic emission sources)•se clasifican en:•a) Vehículos automóviles.•b) Ferrocarriles.•c) Aeronaves.•d) Infraestructuras viarias.•e) Infraestructuras ferroviarias.•f) Infraestructuras aeroportuarias.•g) Maquinaria y equipos.•h) Obras de construcción de edificios y de ingeniería civil.•i) Actividades industriales.•j) Actividades comerciales.

•k) Actividades deportivo-recreativas y de ocio (leisure and sport activities)•l) Infraestructuras portuarias.( harbor infrastructures)

The less addressed issuesEC Regulations / Recreational Craft

DIRECTIVE 2003/44/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT

of 16 June 2003 amending Directive 94/25/EC on the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member

States relating to recreational craft

The propulsion engines on recreational craft andpersonal watercraft produce exhaust emissions of carbonmonoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), nitrogen oxides

(NOx), noise emissions and particle emissions whichaffect both human health and the environment.

• Environmental noise can be described as any unwanted sound. Noise from industry, traffic, homes and recreation can cause annoyance, disturb sleep and affect health.

• Noise is a serious issue - levels over 40 Ldn dB(A) affect our well-being, while there is evidence that levels over 60 Ldn dB(A) can affect our physical and psychological health.

• A rule of thumb

• If you have to shout in order to be heard one metre away, then the noise is probably too loud and could be damaging to your hearing. In these instances, hearing protection is recommended

90 dBA 8 hours

92 dBA 6 hours

95 dBA 4 hours

97 dBA 3 hours

100 dBA 2

102 dBA 1 1/2

105 dBA 1 hour

110 dBA 1/2

115 dBA 1/4

Painful: 140 dB = firearms, air raid siren 130 dB = jackhammer 120 dB = jet plane takeoff Extremely Loud: 110 dB = rock music 100 dB = snowmobile, chain saw 90 dB = lawnmower Very Loud:80 dB = alarm clock70 dB = busy traffic, vacuum cleaner60 dB = conversation, dishwasherModerate:50 dB = moderate rainfall40 dB = quiet roomFaint:30 dB = whisper

• close on 80 million people suffer from noise levels that scientists and health experts consider to be unacceptable, where most people become annoyed, where sleep is disturbed and where adverse health effects are to be feared

• An additional 170 million citizens are living in so-called 'grey areas' where the noise levels are such to cause serious annoyance during the daytime

• A wide variety of studies have examined the question of the external costs of noise to society especially transport noise. The estimates range from 0.2% to 2% of GDP. The EC Commission's Green Paper 'Fair and Efficient Pricing in Transport' used the lower estimate of 0.2% of GDP which represents an annual cost to society of over 12 billion €

• Thanks to early EC legislation and technological progress significant reductions of noise from individual sources have been achieved. For example the noise from individual cars has been reduced by 85% since 1970 and the noise from lorries by 90%. Likewise for aircraft the noise footprint around an airport made by a modern jet has been reduced by a factor of 9 compared to an aircraft with 1970s technology.

Harbor , Marina & Boatyard noises that can be easily reduced

• Engine warming up• Electric Tools• Halyards and rigging• Travelift/ forklifts• Pressure washing

• Service lids• Gates & doors• Gangways• Vehicles• Mooring line attenuators

Light Pollution

What is light pollution?

Light pollution is the popular name for sky glow - a brightening of the night sky caused by artificial light being scattered by small particles in the air such as water droplets and dust. Light pollution also includes light intruding into our homes, such as a bright street light outside a bedroom window.

What causes light pollution?

The major sources of artificial light include street lighting, security lamps, advertising and display lighting, floodlights for sporting events and building illumination. Poorly fitted lights allow light to shine upwards, which causes sky glow. Some artificial light is also reflected upwards from roads, pavements and buildings.

Light pollution

Light It is the most important environmental input after food in controlling bodily function

Richard J. Wurtman, MD Cecil H. Green Distinguished Professor of Neuropharmacology and Health Sciences and Technology, MIT

Light pollution

Visual Impact

Visual Impact – Colors and their influence in living things

Lettuce would sprout under red light and stop growing under infrared.

Blue light would have similar activity effect

Yellow and green light effect is neutral or would reduce the plant activity

A short exposure to UV light would kill the plant

Visual Impact – Colors and their influence in human beings

Human reaction to color is like reaction to tobacco, alcohol or coffee: Up for a short period and then down.

Red is stimulating, but after a length of time bodily responses might fell below normal

Different responses are triggered by colors of both ends of the spectrum , both in plants and in low and high forms of animal life

In human beings, red tends to rise blood pressure, pulse and breathing rate, perspiration, and excite brain waves. It creates muscular tension and greater frequency of eye blinks.

Blue causes the reverse effect: lower blood pressure, lower pulse rate. Skin response is less and brain waves tend to decline

LSD trips were triggering “amazing explosions of bright colors not known to man”

Discotheques had adopted the technique to produce the same response by flashing lights, flowing colors,

roaring sounds and fluid designs and patterns, blanking out the real world for a while without having

to take the drug.

Much of our life is spent in the unconscious acquirement and coordination of a vast amount of

data through our eyes.

A visual task is inseparable from its environment. High visibility, ease of seeing and good seeing

conditions are overwhelmingly the result of good brightness engineering

Brightness engineering:

the control of color as it might be seen by the human eyes on walls, ceilings,

floors, furnishings and affecting human responses radically.

Conclusions

To take the lead on environmental control improvements creates experience and prepares for

mandatory rules to come

A lot can be done on non traditional subjects as noise, light and visual impact control achieving

important (even if not immediately perceived) results

Belief, confidence and faith in any task is to be transmitted to co-workers and users. That IS part of their environment and creates immediate response.

"If at first an idea isn't absurd there is no hope for it".

Albert Einstein

oscar@siches.com

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