Entry-level driver Entry-level driver trainingtraining

Areas of trainingAreas of training

• Driver qualification

• Driver wellness• Hours of service• Whistleblower

protection

1a

General driver qualification General driver qualification

• At least 21 years old• Can read, write, and speak English• Have experience and/or training to

safely operate your vehicle• Pass required

physical exam

2a

General driver qualification General driver qualification

• Have valid motor vehicle operator’s license

• Provide employer with list of violations over past 12 months

• Are not disqualified to drive a CMV• Passed a road test

2b

General driver qualification General driver qualification

• Can determine whether cargo is properly loaded, distributed, and secured

• Are familiar with methods and procedures for securing cargo (both goods and passengers)

2c

Physical qualifications Physical qualifications

• Must pass a physical exam• Must carry a certificate signed

by a medical examiner stating you are physically qualified

• Employer must keep a copy of certificate in driver qualification file

3a

Physical qualifications Physical qualifications

You are not qualified if you have:• Lost a foot, leg, hand, or arm • An impairment of a hand, finger,

arm, foot, or leg which interferes with your ability to perform normal tasks associated with driving a CMV

• Diabetes requiring insulin for control

3b

Physical qualifications Physical qualifications

You are not qualified if you have:• Heart disease, which causes you

chest pain, fainting, or shortness of breath

• Chest or breathing problems like chronic asthma, emphysema, chronic bronchitis

• High blood pressure likely to interfere with driving

3c

Physical qualifications Physical qualifications

You are not qualified if you have:• Loss of movement or feeling in part of your

body• Any sickness which is likely to cause loss of

consciousness or any loss of ability to control a CMV

• Any mental problems likely to interfere with your ability to drive a CMV safely

3d

Physical qualifications Physical qualifications

You are not qualified if you have:• Poor vision that affects your ability

to see objects that are far away, objects to the side, or traffic signal colors

• Poor hearing

3e

Physical qualificationsPhysical qualifications

You are not qualified if you have:• Used certain drugs

(unless prescribed by a doctor who has advised you that use will not adversely affect your ability to safely operate a CMV)

• A current clinical diagnosis of alcoholism

3f

Driver disqualification Driver disqualification (§391.15)(§391.15)You are disqualified if convicted of any of the

following while operating a CMV:• Driving with an alcohol

concentration of 0.04 percent or more

• Driving under the influence of alcohol as prescribed by state law

• Refusing to undergo alcohol testing

4a

Driver disqualification Driver disqualification (§391.15)(§391.15)You are disqualified if convicted of any of the

following while operating a CMV:• Operating under the influence

of a controlled substance• Transporting, possessing,

or unlawfully using drugs• Leaving the scene of an

accident involving a CMV• Committing a felony

involving a CMV

4b

Driver disqualification Driver disqualification (§391.15)(§391.15)• Disqualification period ranges from 6

months to 3 years depending on severity of the offense

4c

Driver disqualification Driver disqualification (§391.15) (§391.15) • Violating an out-of-service order

disqualifies you for 90 days to 5 years

• Penalties are more severe for drivers of vehicles carrying passengers or hazardous materials

4d

Driver disqualification Driver disqualification (§383.51) (§383.51) Drivers who hold a CDL can be

disqualified for certain offenses committed in anytype of vehicle

4e

General Wellness General Wellness

• Eat right• Exercise regularly• Get proper rest• Undergo periodic

physical exams

5a

Cholesterol and blood Cholesterol and blood pressure pressure • LDL = Bad cholesterol• HDL = Good cholesterol

6a

Cholesterol and blood Cholesterol and blood pressure pressure • Total cholesterol < 200• LDL< 130• HDL > 50

6b

Cholesterol and blood Cholesterol and blood pressure pressure • High blood pressure is dangerous• Can lead to heart and kidney disease

6c

Cholesterol and blood Cholesterol and blood pressure pressure • Blood pressure should

be < 140/90

6d

Weight and exercise Weight and exercise

• Being overweight contributes to many health problems

• Eating right and physical activity can help in maintaining a healthy weight

7a

Weight and exercise Weight and exercise

Eating right includes:• At least 5 servings of

fruits and vegetables• Watching fat

consumption• Moderating sugar

and salt intake• Limiting

alcohol use

7b

Weight and exercise Weight and exercise

Moderate physical activity for 30 minutes daily can improve well being

7c

Weight and exercise Weight and exercise

Moderate physical activity includes:• Walking briskly• Conditioning• General

calisthenics

7d

Weight and exercise Weight and exercise

Consult with your physician before starting any program

7e

Alcohol and drug abuse Alcohol and drug abuse

• Reduces coordination• Slows reaction rates• Dulls mental processes

8a

Stress Stress

• A physical or mental response to pressures of an event or factors of living in general

• Can be positive or negative

• Causes the body to get into survival mode

9a

StressStress

Prolonged stress can cause:• High blood pressure• Pain• Breathing trouble• Digestive disorders• Insomnia• Fatigue

9b

Stress Stress

Prolonged stress can cause:• Frustration• Irritability• Anger• Impatience• Worry• Lack of self

confidence9c

Stress Stress

Prolonged stress can lead to:• Accidents• Loss of priorities• Rushing• Inappropriate

behavior

9d

StressStress

Stress-reduction techniques include:• Breaks• Exercise• Proper rest and diet• Deep breathing/yoga• Having fun• Talking to a friend

9e

Fatigue Fatigue

• Ranges from sleepy to exhausted• Can cause involuntary brain

shutdown• Most adults

need 7-8 hours of sleep

10a

Fatigue Fatigue

Sleep loss of as little as 2 hours can affect:

• Judgment• Reaction time• Coordination• Attitude/mood

10b

Fatigue Fatigue

• Circadian rhythm = Body’s internal clock

• Most people’s clocks run on a 24-hour basis with high and low points

• Disruption of the clock can lead to fatigue

10c

Fatigue Fatigue

Signs of fatigue:• Drowsiness• Yawning• Lack of alertness• Fighting to keep

eyes open

10d

Fatigue Fatigue

Signs of fatigue:• Head drooping• Sore/stiff neck

muscles• Reduced

reaction time

10e

Fatigue Fatigue

Signs of fatigue:• Erratic shifting• Intermittent

braking• Following vehicles

too closely• Bad driving decisions• Lane deviations/weaving

10f

Fatigue Fatigue

Ways to fight fatigue:• Get a solid 8 hours of sleep• Establish a regular sleep routine• Avoid driving

during body’s “down time”

• Exercise regularly• Eat properly• Take a nap

10g

FatigueFatigue

Good sleeping habits• Sleep in a quiet, dark room• Keep sleeping area comfortable• Have a bedtime

routine

10h

Fatigue Fatigue

Sleep apnea • Brief interruptions in breathing• Wakes person so briefly

he/she doesn’t know it happened

• Can repeat up to 600 times a night causing increased fatigue

10i

Hours of service (property-Hours of service (property-carrying)carrying)11-hour driving rule• All time behind the wheel is driving

time• Must have 10 consecutive hours of

rest after 11 hours of driving time

11a

Hours of service (property-Hours of service (property-carrying) carrying) 14-hour rule • May not drive after the 14th

consecutive hour after coming on duty• Must have 10

consecutive hours of rest

11b

Hours of service (property-Hours of service (property-carrying)carrying)60-hour/7-day and 70-hour/8-day limit • A driver cannot drive

after having been on duty for 60 hours in any 7 consecutive days or 70 hours in any 8 consecutive days

11c

Hours of service (property-Hours of service (property-carrying)carrying)• A driver may do non-driving work after

reaching the 60/70 hour limit, but the hours must be added to the total

11d

Hours of service (property-Hours of service (property-carrying) carrying) 34-hour restart• Any period of 7/8 days may end with

the start of a 34-hour off-duty period• Can only be used if 60/70-hour limit

has not been exceeded

11d

Hours of service (property-Hours of service (property-carrying) carrying) Record of duty status Must include:• Graph grid with a remarks section• Date• Total miles

driven today• Truck or

tractor and trailer number

11e

Hours of service (property-Hours of service (property-carrying) carrying) Record of duty status Must include:• Carrier’s name• 24-hour period

starting time• Driver’s signature/

certification• Main office address

11f

Hours of service (property-Hours of service (property-carrying) carrying) Record of duty status Must include:• Co-driver’s name

(if applicable)• Total hours in

each duty status

11g

Hours of service (property-Hours of service (property-carrying) carrying) Record of duty status Must include:• Shipping document number(s) or

shipper name and commodity

11h

Hours of service (property-Hours of service (property-carrying) carrying) Log keeping responsibilities • Entries must be current • Entries must be

legible/in driver’s own handwriting

11i

Hours of service (property-Hours of service (property-carrying) carrying) Record retention • Original record of duty

status must be submitted to the carrier within 13 days

• Keep a copy of each recordfor the previous 7consecutive days in your possession and available for inspection while on duty

• Carrier must keep records of duty status and all supporting documents for 6 months

11j

Hours of service Hours of service (passenger-carrying) (passenger-carrying) 10-hour driving rule • All time behind the wheel is driving

time• Must have 8

consecutive hours of rest after 10 hours driving time

12a

Hours of service Hours of service (passenger-carrying) (passenger-carrying) 15-hour on-duty rule • May not drive after being on duty 15

hours• Must have 8 consecutive hours of rest

12b

Hours of service Hours of service (passenger-carrying) (passenger-carrying) 60-hour/7-day and 70-hour/8-day limit • A driver cannot drive after having been on

duty for 60 hours in any 7 consecutive days or 70 hours in any 8 consecutive days

• A driver may do non-driving work after reaching the limit, but the hours must be added to the total

12c

Hours of service Hours of service (passenger-carrying) (passenger-carrying) Record of duty status Must include:• Graph grid with a

remarks section• Date• Total miles driven

today• Truck or tractor

and trailer number

12d

Hours of service Hours of service (passenger-carrying) (passenger-carrying) Record of duty status Must include:• Carrier’s name• 24-hour period

starting time• Driver’s signature/

certification• Main office address

12e

Hours of service Hours of service (passenger-carrying) (passenger-carrying) Record of duty status Must include:• Co-driver’s name

(if applicable)• Total hours in each

duty status

12f

Hours of service Hours of service (passenger-carrying) (passenger-carrying) Record of duty status Must include:• Shipping document number(s) or

shipper name and commodity

12g

Hours of service Hours of service (passenger-carrying) (passenger-carrying) Log keeping responsibilities • Entries must be current • Entries must be

legible/in driver’s own handwriting

12h

Hours of service Hours of service (passenger-carrying) (passenger-carrying) Record retention • Original record of duty status must be

submitted to the carrier within 13 days • Keep a copy of each record

for the previous 7 consecutive days in your possession and availablefor inspection while on duty

• Carrier must keep records of duty status and all supporting documents for 6 months

12i

Whistleblower protection Whistleblower protection

Protect you from retaliation if you :• Report a CMV safety

violation to FMCSA• Testify before FMCSA• Refuse to operate

an unsafe vehicle• Refuse to drive in

conditions that may cause injury or violate law

13a

Whistleblower protection Whistleblower protection

• Prohibits your employer from discharging, disciplining, or discriminating in regard to pay, terms or privileges for taking any one of the following actions

13b

Whistleblower protection Whistleblower protection

1. Filing a complaint related to the violation of a CMV safety regulation

2. Starting a proceeding related to a violation of a CMV regulation

3. Having testified in or testifying in the future in a proceeding related to a CMV safety violation

13c

Whistleblower protection Whistleblower protection 4. Refusing to operate a CMV due to one

of the following reasons:• You would have violated a federal safety or

health regulation.• You believe you would have

seriously injured yourself or someone else had you operated an unsafe vehicle. You asked your employer to correct the unsafe condition, but your employer refused.

13d

Whistleblower protection Whistleblower protection

If you make a CMV safety complaint and it results in any form of discrimination (termination, loss of seniority, undesirable reassignment, etc.) you can file a complaint with OSHA

13e

Whistleblower protection Whistleblower protection

• OSHA will gather data and give your employer 20 days to respond

• Then, if OSHA believes the violation is valid they will continue to pursue the case until the situation is resolved

13f