Learning & Teaching

Vocabulary

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“Words are one of our chief means of adjusting to all the situations of life.” - Bergen Evans

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Choose Four

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Name Game

Think of an adjective beginning with the Think of an adjective beginning with the first letter of your name to describe first letter of your name to describe yourself.yourself.

Introduce yourself to others using that Introduce yourself to others using that adjective. adjective.

(e.g., I am (e.g., I am RRaju. I am aju. I am RRational.)ational.) Remember the adjectives others use to Remember the adjectives others use to

describe themselves.describe themselves. Introduce two or three colleagues to class.Introduce two or three colleagues to class.

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What Do You Expect to Learn?

Disposition Schema

Limit

Aspiration

Mark

DesireIntent

Aim

Object

PlanPlan

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You will learn . . .

What is a word? Why learn more words? How many words does one need? Which words to learn? What does ‘knowing a word’ mean? Vocabulary learning strategies Vocabulary Games/Activities/Tips Technical words

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What is a WORD?

“A unit of language, consisting of one or more spoken sounds or their written representation, that functions as a principal carrier of meaning.”

one or more morphemes/phonemessmallest unit for independent useseparated by spaces in writing

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Why learn more words?

to meet our needs to communicate effectively to build thoughts to understand ideas to contribute to human knowledge

“The more words you know, the more clearly and powerfully you will think and the more ideas you will invite into your mind.”

- Wilfred Funk

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How many words to learn?

Lexemic frequency dictionaries o 80% of occurrences by only 20% of words

1,000 words for a basic conversation 2,000 words to survive through the day 8,000 words to converse with a European 15,000 word families for university studies

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Which Words to Learn?

New KnownImportant Not-so-importantProductivecan recall & usein speech & writing

Receptivecan only comprehend while reading & listening

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NIP Words

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Knowing a Word means. . .

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Spelling

Spell these words right?

anamolous, asbestas, boyancy, celcius, dessicant, equalibrium, farenheat, ossilation, sextent, saizmic, viscoscity, mathmatics, umblical card, sacreligious

anomalous, asbestos, buoyancy, Celsius, desiccant, equilibrium, Fahrenheit, oscillation, sextant, seismic, viscosity, mathematics, umbilical cord, sacrilegious

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Is Spelling Important?

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Is Spelling Important?Olny srmat poelpe can raed tihs!

cdnuolt blveiee taht I cluod aulaclty uesdnatnrd waht I was rdanieg. The phaonmneal pweor of the hmuan mnid, aoccdrnig to a rscheearch at Cmabrigde Uinervtisy, it deosn’t mttaer in waht oredr the ltteers in a wrod are, the olny iprmoatnt tihng is taht the frist and lsat ltteers be in the rghit pclae. The rset can be a taotl mses and you can sitll raed it wouthit a porbelm.

Tihs is bcuseae the huamn mnid deos not raed ervey lteter by istlef, but the wrod as a wlohe. Amzanig, huh? Yaeh and I awlyas tghuhot slpeling was ipmorantt!

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Is Spelling Important?

The amount of grammer and usege arrow’s today is shaking. Not to menshun speling. If I was a teecher, I’d feel badly that less and less students seam to undestand the baysic principals of good righting. Niether the oldest high school students nor the youngest kindergartner know prepare usege. A stewdent offen thinks they can depend on word procesing programs to corect they’re errors. Know way! We should tale are childrun to study hard like we did at they’re edge and to watch less TV then there glassmates.

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Tips to Learn Spelling

1.Make the effort2.Look closely/photo memory 3.Memorize4.Write/type the words5.List your difficult words6.Use mnemonics7.Keep a notebook

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Pronunciation

Say these words right?

adhesion, clothes, language, development, espresso, forte, parentheses, suite, vehicle, knowledge engineer, jewelry, asterisk, routine, adjective, genuine

/ædhiʒən/, /kloʊðz/, /læŋgwɪdʒ/, /dɪvɛləpmənt/, /ɛsprɛsoʊ/, /fɔrteɪ/, /pərɛnθəsɪz/, /swit/, /viɪkəl/, /nɒlɪdʒ/, /ɛndʒənɪər/, /dʒuəlri/, /æstərɪsk/, /rutin/, /ædʒɪktɪv/, /dʒɛnyuɪn/

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Tips to Learn Pronunciation

• Distinguish• Drill• Drill• Drill• Drill

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Grammar

Identify the action verbs in this passage?

My cell phone rang almost immediately after I walked into the class and started the lesson. I had forgotten to switch it off. Let me silence it now. Will you also please put your phones in silent mode?

rang, walked, started, had forgotten, switch off, silence, will put

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Teaching words - Techniques

Definition

Translation

Examples

Context

Meaning Relation

Mime

Pictures

Realia

Pictogram

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Definition

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Translation

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Examples/Context

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Meaning Relation

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Love words

Increased exposure to English

Intentional/incidental learning

Guess from contextual clues

Use the dictionary/thesaurus

Ask someone

Word Learning Strategies-1Discover Words

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Contextual Clues

Rather than be involved in clandestine meetings, they did everything quite openly.

The girl who used to be very vociferous doesn't talk much anymore.

Pedagogical institutions, including high schools, kindergartens, and colleges, require community support to function efficiently.

He was so parsimonious that he refused to give his own sons the few pennies they needed to buy pencils for school. It truly hurt him to part with his money.

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Use a Dictionary

Explore a word that comes to your mind

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Use a Thesaurus

Two trucks loaded with thousands of copies of Roget's Thesaurus collided as they left a New York publishing house last Thursday, according to the Associated Press.

Witnesses were aghast, amazed, astonished, astounded, bemused, benumbed, bewildered, confounded, confused, dazed, dazzled, disconcerted, disoriented, dumbstruck, electrified, flabbergasted, horrified, immobilized, incredulous, nonplussed, overwhelmed, paralyzed, perplexed, scared, shocked, startled, stunned, stupified, surprised, taken aback, traumatized, upset. . . .

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Learn to Ask?

“What’s the English word for ___?”

“How do you say____ in English?”

“What does ____ mean in Hindi?”

“Is it a kind of _____ ?”

“Is it like a _____ ?”

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Use imagery

Use meaning relations

Use word parts

Mnemonics

Word Learning Strategies-2Remember Words

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Pictograms & Word Pictures

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Synonyms & Antonyms

Write S for Synonyms; A for Antonyms & U for Unrelated:

1 abridge - curtail2 satiated - reverse3 surfeit - paucity4 clemency - mercy5 tacit - explicit6 zenith - rain

7 archive - format8 random - hungry9 ennui - boredom10 fuse - mingle11 random - precise12 finite - rigid

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Homonyms

Distinguish the following pairs of words:

Affect - EffectDesert - DessertElicit - IllicitFarther – FurtherHoard – HordeIts – It’s

Industrial -IndustriousLoose - LoseRise – RaiseSensitive - SensibleTortuous - TorturousWaver - Waiver

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Homophones

Find homophones for each of these words:

AllowedBirthCeilingDearEarnFour

GrownHeardIdleJewelKnowLoan

MailNoseOnePeaceQuartsRed

SteelTaleVeilWasteWhatYolk

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More Word Relations

AcronymAptronymContranymAutonymBacronymcapitonym

HypernymHyponymPseudonymTautonymMetonymMeronym

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Collocation

Which words go with which verb?

things, sure, difference, nothing, sense, decision, mistakes, well, homework, job, something, money, whatever, judgments, gardening, work, mistake, copies, effort, anything

Make Dosurea differencesensea decision mistakes

moneyjudgmentsmistakecopieseffort

thingsnothingwellhomeworka job

somethingwhatevergardeningworkanything

Make Do

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Root WordsMatch the root words with their meanings:

Root Meaninganthrop yearbell shortarthro colorchrom warvit believecred jointbrev lifeann human

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Greek_and_Latin_roots_in_English

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Mnemonics• The manners of articulation:

Stop Fooling Around Now, Learn Good Voicing Stop, Fricative, Affricate, Nasal, Liquid, Glide, Vowel

• Argument or arguement? Argument loses an ‘e’.

• Color CombinationsBetter Get Ready WhenYour Mistress Comes BackPrimary colors - Blue, Green, Red = WhiteSecondary colors - Yellow, Magenta, Cyan = Black

• Planets in order of distance from sunMy very easy method: just set up nine planets.

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Word Learning Strategies-3

Written repetition

Spoken repetition

Word lists

Vocabulary notebooks

Create meaningful sentences

Link to personal experience

Practise Words

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Word Association

Nine Swap Cell Ring Lust

Plugs Lamp Apple Table Sway

Army Bank Fire Hold Worm

Clock Horse Color Baby Sword

Desk Hold Find Bird Rock

Remember as many as you can

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Word Association

Remember as many as you can

Horse Cat Dog Fish Bird

Orange Yellow Blue Green Black

Table Chair Desk Stool Bed

In Out With On Of

Apple Melon Banana Grape Mango

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Set word learning goals

Make conscious effort

Test yourself

Review repeatedly

Devote specific time

Word Learning Strategies-4Master Words

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Word Games - Crossword

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Word Games - Anagrams

mondayytrmgoeeaccioustadegnr

Unscramble these words:

rdecaarusivyribnahammcnsei

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