Post on 02-Jan-2016
English Colonies
Roman CatholicChurch
ProtestantsBaptists
Presbyterians
Episcopalians
Lutherans
Church ofEngland
PuritansSeparatists (Pilgrims)
Critical Writing Exercise
FREEDOM OF RELIGION
In a democracy, citizens have freedom of religion. This means they can believe and practice any faith they choose – or, they can choose not to practice any religion. They have the right to follow any major religion, imaginary religion, or no religion at all. Other citizens and the government must respect that right. In a democracy, freedom of religion means others will tolerate your beliefs, whether or not they share them with you.
What do you think of freedom of religion? What are its advantages? What are its disadvantages? In your opinion, why is freedom of religion important to a democracy?
New England Colonies
1620
Roman CatholicChurch
ProtestantsBaptists
Presbyterians
Episcopalians
Lutherans
Church ofEngland
PuritansSeparatists (Pilgrims)
Pilgrims• Arrived on the Mayflower• Wanted religious freedom• Led by William Bradford and settled at
Plymouth• Signed the Mayflower Compact
(step toward colonial self-government)
Puritans
Better Church of EnglandPuritan Beliefs:
•They were the “chosen people”
•Very smart
•Church & state should work together
* 1635
Puritans Leave Massachusetts• Leader was Thomas Hooker• 1st group to Connecticut• Wrote the Fundamental Orders of
Connecticut, which was the 1st Written Constitution in America
• Hooker believed in the separation of church and state and that governments were based upon individual rights
1636
Roger Williams• Roger Williams believed
in religious toleration.
• Separation of church and state
• He left Massachusetts and started a colony: Providence, Rhode Island
Anne Hutchinson• Outspoken woman –
organized bible studies and prayer meetings, and spoke her mind
• Leaders in Massachusetts believed only the clergy should lead the church
• Sought refuge in Rhode Island
1638
Reason Settled:RELIGIOUS FREEDOM!
MAJOR PRODUCTS:
shipbuilding
industry
fishing
How did they make money?
Climate and Farming:CLIMATE:• Extremely cold
winter• Short growing
season
FARMING:• NOT GOOD • Hard / rocky soil
• NOT good
Middle Colonies
*
1626
• The English took New Netherlands away from the Dutch and renamed it New York
• Had lots of ethnic diversity (Italians, Dutch, French, Irish)
• Trade was great because of
the large harbor area• Fastest growing of all
the colonies
New York
1638
New Jersey• Was a proprietary colony
• Known for ethnic diversity
• Allowed religious freedom
• 1st to have trial by jury
• Representative government
1638
Delaware• Formed for
Pennsylvania’s access to the Atlantic Ocean
• Why was this important?
FOR TRADE!
1682
Quakers• Leader was William Penn• Sought religious freedom
and trade for money• Led a simplistic lifestyle• Allowed for religious
toleration—church services unnecessary
• Believed in violence to no one and that slavery was bad
HOW DID THEY END UP HERE?
• King Charles II owed the Penn family money
• Repaid them with land in America
• So…William Penn brought the Quakers to the New World (against his father’s wishes)
Pennsylvania & the Quakers
• Was called the “Holy Experiment”
• Established Philadelphia, which became known as the “City of Brotherly Love”
• “any government is free to the people under it…where the laws rule”
• Called the “melting pot city” because all foreigners were welcome
REASONS SETTLED:
•Profit and trade (mercantilism)
•Religious freedom
MAJOR PRODUCTS
Harvesting grain
Cattle
&
CLIMATE AND FARMINGClimate• Cold winters• Average growing season
Farming• OK • Coastline rocky but
some rolling green hills
PEOPLE OF THE MIDDLE
COLONIES
Southern Colonies
1607(Jamestown)
Jamestown, Virginia• Established in 1607• Tobacco & women were
the reason for the survival of Jamestown
• Swamp brought disease
• House of Burgesses was the 1st representative government
1634
• Established by Lord Baltimore
• Settled by Roman Catholics fleeing persecution in England
• Passed the Toleration Act— provided religious freedom
• Farmed tobacco
MARYLAND
1660-1670
1660-1670
Carolina• Was swampy & humid
• Poor administration
• Used Natives as slave labor
• Caused many battles
• Proprietors were no help so the king took over
• Separated into North and South
1732
• Settled by General James Oglethorpe
• Purpose was to give debtors a new start
• Slavery was not allowed
• Allowed religious freedom
GEORGIA
REASONS SETTLED:• Mercantilism (a
state’s power depends on its wealth)
• Profit from trade
MAJOR PRODUCTS:• Agriculture
• Tobacco – 1st cash crop
• Lumber
• Rice
CLIMATE AND FARMING
CLIMATE• Warm, humid• Long growing
season
FARMING• GREAT! • Moist, rich soil
SLAVERYSlavery becomes a worldwide mistake
Start of Slavery• Africans were not the 1st
• 1st – Indentured Servants
(poor white English people who borrowed money to get to America)
•2nd – Native Americans (began to die of disease or escaped)
•3rd—Africans (slaves were critical for the tobacco harvest)
• Brought here through Triangle Trade using the Middle Passage
• This was the triangle of shipping of goods from America to Europe and slaves from Africa to America