ALPHABET

GREETINGS

GOOD MORNING

MORNIG

GOOD MORNING SIR

Good morning Mr Jhon

GOOD EVENING

GOOD NIGHT

Good morning. - Buenos días.

Morning.- Días

Good afternoon. - Buenas tardes.

Good evening. - Buenas noches.

• Glad to see you

• Good to see you• Pleased to see you

• My name is: Peter, Juan, Jhon

• It´s my pleasure

• The pleasure is mine

• Pleased to meet you

• May I help you?• How May I help you?• How can I help You?• What can I do for you?• Please have a seat• Please sit down• Do you Like a cup of coffee?• Do you like a glass of water? • While you´re waiting• Do you like to read a newspaper or a magazine?

GOOD BYES- FAREWELLSGood-bye./Bye. -

Good night. -

See you later. -

See you tomorrow. -.

See you soon. -.

See you then. -

So long-

POLYTE WORDSsir - señor (Cuando no se dice el nombre o el apellido de la persona)

Madam - señora/señorita (Cuando no se dice el nombre o el apellido de la persona)

Mr Jhon- Mr Charly

Miss Johana- Mistress Hanllel

I think so./I believe so. - Creo que sí.

I don't think so./I don't believe so. - Creo que no.

POLYTE WORDSmaybe

perhaps -

Welcome

Come in

Please, make yourself right at home!

Please, make yourselves right at home!

POLYTE WORDSthank you/thanks -

thank you very much/thanks a lot/thank you so much -

I'm very grateful. -

You're welcome. -.

POLYTE WORDSIt was nothing./Don't mention it. - No hay de qué.

My pleasure./The pleasure was mine. -.

Please. -

Congratulations! -

Of course! -

POLYTE WORDS

I'm sorry. - . (o más informalmente Sorry)

I'm very sorry.

Excuse me. -

It's okay./It's all right. -

Everything's okay/all right. -

PRONOMBRES

Los adjetivos demostrativos son aquellos que se utilizan para determinar la ubicación de las cosas y son los siguientes:

ADJETIVOS DEMOSTRATIVOS

This flower is beautiful.

This car is dirty.

That house is expensive.

That dog is bad.

These apples are cheap.

These pencils are in the box.

Those stars are in the sky.

Those boys are my friends.

El adjetivo demostrativo THIS también puede utilizarse para presentar a alguien:

John, this is Mike.

También se utiliza THIS para comenzar un relato de manera coloquial:

This is the story…

THAT sirve para indicar algo que ha ocurrido o algo que alguien ha dicho.

That was an incredible story.

PRONOMRES PERSONALES PRESENTEVERBO TO BE COMO AUXILIAR

SIMPLE CONTINUO

I STUDY ENGLISH I´M STUDYING ENGLISH

YOU GO TO SCHOOL YOU´RE GOING TO SCHOOL

HE COMES EARLY HE´S COMING EARLY

SHE EATS APPLES SHE´S EATING APPLES

IT LOOKS PRETTY GOOD IT´S LOOKING PRETTY GOOD

YOU WATCH TV YOU´R WATCHING TV

WE DANCE EVERY NIGHT WE´RE DANCING EVERY NIGHT

THEY GO CYCLING THEY´RE GOING CYCLING

PRONOMBRES PERSONALES PASADOVERBO TO BE COMO AUXILIAR

SIMPLE CONTINUO

I STUDIED ENGLISH I WAS STUDYING ENGLISH

YOU WENT TO SCHOOLYOU WERE GOING TO SCHOOL

HE HE CAME EARLY HE WAS COMING EARLY

SHE ATE APPLES SHE WAS EATING APPLES

IT LOOKED PRETTY GOODIT WAS LOOKING PRETTY GOOD

YOU WATCHED TV YOU WERE WATCHING TV

WE DANCED EVERY NIGHTWE WERE DANCING EVERY NIGHT

THEY THEY WENT CYCLING THEY WERE GOING CYCLING

para hacer el tiempo perfecto se utiliza el verbo auxiliar TO HAVE y el verbo en participio

TIEMPO PERFECTO

PRESENTE PASADO

I HAVE STUDIED ENGLISH HAD STUDIED ENGLISH

YOU HAVE GONE TO SCHOOL HAD GONE TO SCHOOL

HE HAS COME EARLY HAD COME EARLY

SHE HAS EATEN APPLES HAD EATEN APPLES

IT HAS LOOKED PRETTY GOOD HAD LOOKED PRETTY GOOD

YOU HAVE WATCHED TV HAD WATCHED TV

WE HAVE DANCED EVERY NIGHT HAD DANCED EVERY NIGHT

THEY HAVE GONE CYCLING HAD GONE CYCLING

ME she told me

YOU I saw you

HIM I met him

HER I gave her a ring

IT I bought it for you

US They sent us an email

YOU I can help you

THEM He stole them

PRONOMBRES OBJETO

ADJETIVO POSESIVO PRONOMBRE POSESIVO

THIS IS MY CAR THE CAR IS MINE

THAT IS YOUR JACKET THAT JACKET IS YOURS

THIS IS HER HOUSE THIS HOUSE IS HERS

THIS IS OUR HAT THIS HAT IS OURS

THOSE ARE YOUR HORSES THE HORSES ARE YOURS

THAT IS THEIR BUILDING THE BUILDING IS THEIRS

FUTURO

SUJETO AUX CONTRACCION PREDICADO

I WILL I´LL STUDY ENGLISH

YOU WILL I´LL GO TO SCHOOL

HE WILL I´LL COME EARLY

SHE WILL I´LL EAT APPLES

IT WILL I´LL LOOK PRETTY GOOD

YOU WILL I´LL WATCH TV

WE WILL I´LLDANCE EVERY

NIGHT

THEY WILL I´LL GO CYCLING

TO HAVEEl verbo 'to have' tiene en español el significado principal de 'tener' y 'haber'. Puede tener también otros significados, como 'tomar'. Conoceremos su traducción apropiada dependiendo del sentido de la frase

I HAVE A NEW CAR I HAVE WORKED HARD HAVE A SEAT PLEASE

TENER HABER TOMAR

I have (I've) I have Come yesterday- Y have a nice jacket

you have (you've) -You have drank a lot beers- You have a beautiful skirt-

he has (he's) He has blonde hair- he has to call us urgent

we have (we've) We have a big flat- We have to leave now

you have (you've) You have a two weeks vacation- You have to go with your wife

they have (they've) They have a shop between both- they have to pay the taxes

FORMA AFIRMATIVA

FORMA NEGATIVA

I have not (I haven't)

you have not (you haven't)

he has not (he hasn't)

we have not (we haven't)

you have not (you haven't)

they have not (they haven't)

FORMA INTERROGATIVA

HAVE I COME YESTERDAY?

HAVE YOU DRANK A LOT OF BEERS?

HAS HE BLONDE HAIR?

HAVE WE A BIG FLAT?

HAVE THEY A SHOP BETWEEN BOTH?

VERBO AUXILIAR TO BE(ser-estar)

Yo soy/estoy I amI´m

Tu eres/estás You areYou`re

El/ella es/está He/she/it is He´s

Nosotros somos/estamos We are We´re

Vosotros sois/estáis You areYou`re

Ellos/ellas son/están They areThey´re

TO DO

TO BE SIMPLE PAST(pasado simple)Yo era/estaba (fui/estuve) I was

Tu eras/estabas (fuiste/estuviste) You were

El/ella era/estaba (fue/estuvo) He/she/it was

Nosotros éramos/estábamos (fuimos/estuvimos) We were

Vosotros erais/estabais (fuisteis/estuvisteis) You were

Ellos/ellas eran/estaban (fueron/estuvieron) They were

También se utiliza como verbo auxiliar para formar las formas continuas:

I am running. Yo estoy corriendo yo corro

I was running. Yo estaba corriendo yo corria

He´s coming EL esta viniendo el viene

She´s going Ella se esta llendo ella se va

you´re eating Tu estas comiendo tu comes

We´re studying Nosotros estamos

estudiandonosotros

estudiamos

They´re drinkingbebiendo ellos beben

FORMA ACTIVA DEL VERBO

En oraciones activas, lo que hace la acción es el sujeto de la oración y lo que recibe la acción es el objeto. La mayoría de las oraciones están activas.

[Cosa que hace la acción] + [verbo] + [lo que recibe la acción]

para construir la forma pasiva:

En las oraciones pasivas, lo que recibe la acción es el sujeto de la oración y lo que hace la acción se incluye opcionalmente casi al final de la frase. Usted puede utilizar la forma pasiva si usted piensa que lo que recibe la acción es más importante, o hay que destacar. También puede utilizar la forma pasiva, si usted no sabe que está haciendo la acción o si usted no quiere hablar de quién está haciendo la acción.

PASSIVE FORM

Descripción Activo / Pasivo Active Passive

Simple Present Once a week, Tom cleans the house.

Once a week, the house is cleaned by Tom.

Present Continuous Right now, Sarah is writing the letter.

Right now, the letter is being written by Sarah.

Simple Past Sam repaired the car.

The car was repaired by Sam.

Past Continuous The salesman was helping the customer when the thief came into the store.

The customer was being helped by the salesman when the thief came into the store.

Present Perfect Many tourists have visited that castle.

That castle has been visited by many tourists.

Present Perfect Continuous Recently, John has been doing the work.

Recently, the work has been being done by John.

BODY PARTS

Cuerpo Body Pierna Leg

Cabeza Head Rodilla Knee

Cuello Neck Pie Foot (feet)

Hombro Shoulder Uña Nail

Brazo Arm Músculo Muscle

Codo Elbow Hueso Bone

Mano Hand Piel Skin

Dedo Finger Pelo Hair

Pecho Chest Espalda Back

Barriga Belly