Transcript of ENERGY Physical Science Unit WHAT IS ENERGY? Interactive Notebook pg. 112.
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- ENERGY Physical Science Unit
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- WHAT IS ENERGY? Interactive Notebook pg. 112
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- What is Energy?
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- Energy The ability to do work What does this mean? --Means that
energy is needed to apply a force to an object to make it move. --
Energy is also needed to make a change in the state of matter
(solid, liquid, or gas). This power or ability to make things
happen is what we can call energy. It makes things happen. It makes
change possible.
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- The combination of energy and matter make up the universe:
Matter is substance (stuff), and energy is the mover and changer of
substance (stuff). What is Physical Science?
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- Types of Energy? Types of Energy Clip (1 minute 50 seconds)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DHXXa6PgMAA
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- Energy can be transferred from one system to another in
different ways: Types of Energy Mechanical Energy Thermal Energy
Electromagnetic Waves Electrical Energy Nuclear Energy Chemical
Energy
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- The Law of Conservation of Energy Energy cannot be created or
destroyed; it may be transformed from one form into another, but
the total amount of energy never changes.
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- How is all energy divided? Potential Energy Kinetic Energy All
Energy Gravitation Potential Energy Elastic Potential Energy
Chemical Potential Energy
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- Interactive Notebook Page 111 TITLE: Forms and States of
ENERGY
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- What is Kinetic Energy? - All moving things have kinetic
energy. - It is energy possessed by an object due to its motion or
movement. --- These include very large things, like planets, and
very small ones, like atoms. --- The heavier a thing is, and the
faster it moves, the more kinetic energy it has.
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- What is Potential Energy? Potential energy is the stored energy
an object has because of its position or state. EXAMPLES: A bicycle
on top of a hill, a book held over your head, and a stretched
spring all have potential energy.
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- Potential Kinetic energy of position or energy in storage.
Water behind a dam Hammer over head Food on the plate energy of
motion, the form capable of doing work Flowing water A falling
hammer Electrons regenerating ATP in a biol cell
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- What is Gravitational Potential Energy? oPotential energy due
to an objects position oP.E. = mass x height x gravity Dont look
down, Rover! Good boy!
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- What is Potential Energy? oEnergy that is stored and waiting to
be used later
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- What is Elastic Potential Energy? oPotential energy due
compression or expansion of an elastic object. Notice the ball
compressing and expanding
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- What is Chemical Potential Energy? oPotential energy stored
within the chemical bonds of an object
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- What is Kinetic Energy? oEnergy an object has due to its motion
oK.E. =.5(mass x speed 2 )
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- Forms OF ENERGY
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- 1.mechanical energy 2.Thermal (heat) energy 3.electromagnetic
energy 4.electrical energy 5.nuclear energy 6.chemical energy 6
Fundamental Forms of Energy
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- What is Mechanical Energy? o Energy due to a objects motion
(kinetic) or position (potential). The bowling ball has mechanical
energy. When the ball strikes the pins, mechanical energy is
transferred to the pins!
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- Examples of Mechanical Energy
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- What is Thermal Energy? o Heat energy o The heat energy of an
object determines how active its atoms are. A hot object is one
whose atoms and molecules are excited and show rapid movement. A
cooler object's molecules and atoms will show less movement.
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- Thermal Energy Which bowl of soup has more thermal energy at
the same temperature the large bowl or the small bowl?
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- Thermal Energy Which bowl of soup has more thermal energy at
the same temperature the large bowl or the small bowl? The amount
of thermal energy in an object is related to its mass. If two
objects at the same temperature are compared, the one with the
greater mass has MORE thermal energy.
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- Thermal Energy Which bowl of soup has more thermal energy at
the same temperature the large bowl or the small bowl? The amount
of thermal energy in an object is related to its mass. If two
objects at the same temperature are compared, the one with the
greater mass has MORE thermal energy. And the object with LESS MASS
has? ___________________
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- Thermal Energy Which has more thermal energy? A lit match or an
ice sculpture?
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- What is Electromagnetic Energy? o Radiant or Light energy o
Includes energy from gamma rays, xrays, ultraviolet rays, visible
light, infrared rays, microwave and radio bands
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- What is Electrical Energy? o Energy caused by the movement of
electrons o Easily transported through power lines and converted
into other forms of energy
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- What is Electrical Energy? ATOMIC STRUCTURE Nucleus of an Atom
(negative charge) (positive charge) (no charge)
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- What is Electrical Energy? ATOMIC STRUCTURE Nucleus of an Atom
(negative charge) (positive charge) (no charge)
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- What is Nuclear Energy? o Nuclear energy is energy that is
stored in the nucleus or center core of an atom. oThe nuclear
energy is what holds the nucleus together.
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- What is Nuclear Energy? In order to use this energy, it has to
be released from the atom. There are two ways to free the energy
inside the atom. 1. Fusion Fusion is a way of combining the atoms
to make a new atom.
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- What is Nuclear Energy? In order to use this energy, it has to
be released from the atom. There are two ways to free the energy
inside the atom. 2. Fission Fission is a way of splitting an atom
into two smaller atoms. The two smaller atoms don't need as much
energy to hold them together as the larger atom, so the extra
energy is released as heat and radiation.
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- What is Chemical Energy? o Energy that is available for release
from chemical reactions. The chemical bonds in a matchstick store
energy that is transformed into thermal energy when the match is
struck.
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- Examples of Chemical Energy
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- QUIZ TIME! What type of energy cooks food in a microwave oven?
ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY What type of energy is the spinning plate
inside of a microwave oven? MECHANICAL ENERGY
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- QUIZ TIME! Electrical energy is transported to your house
through power lines. When you plug an electric fan to a power
outlet, electrical energy is transform into what type of energy?
MECHANICAL ENERGY
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- QUIZ TIME! What energy transformation occurs when an electric
lamp is turned on? ELECTRICAL ENERGY ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY
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- What types of energy are shown below? Mechanical and Thermal
Energy (Dont forget friction)
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- What type of energy is shown below? Chemical Energy
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- What types of energy are shown below? Electrical, Mechanical
and Electromagnetic Energy
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- What type of energy is shown below? Chemical Energy
(yummy)
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- What type of energy is shown below? Thermal Energy
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- Draw a flow map showing the flow of energy transformations in a
car from starting vehicle to driving. You should have 5 different
types of energy.
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- Energy Transfer Chemical Electrical Sound (mechanical) Light
(Electromagnetic) Thermal Mechanical