Post on 18-Dec-2014
description
MASHUDU MUNDALAMOCHIEF DIRECTORATE: AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT AND CLIMATE
CHANGE mmundalamo@deat.gov.za
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
THEME:ALL HANDS ON THE DECK TOWARDS LOW CARBON ECONOMY
Overview of this Presentation
South African Energy System
The Science of Climate Change
Energy Efficiency and Demand Side Management
Energy Efficiency Interventions in South Africa
Energy Efficiency Measures at Residential Homes
Background of the South African Energy System
• South Africa is the most industrialized country in Africa, Its economy is highly dependent on energy production and use, making it one of the largest emitters of greenhouse gases in the world.
• The South African economy is energy-intensive.
• Coal provides 78% of the fossil fuel demand and accounts for 91% of electricity generation.
Energy Supply in South Africa
78
102
73
0102030405060708090
Coal Crude Oil Gas RenewableEnergy
Nuclear
Energy Sources
Greenhouse Gas SourcesCarbon Dioxide Emissions by Sector
for South Africa
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
140000
160000
Gg
1990 1994
Electricity
Other EnergyIndustries
Industry
Transport
Commercial Residential
Agriculture
IndustrialProcesses
Energy Sector
Continues..• The bulk of GHG emissions in South Africa come from the energy sector,
whereby the sectors contributed 78% of South Africa’s total greenhouse gas emissions in 1994, and more than 90% of carbon dioxide emissions.
• South African’s emissions intensity and per capita are relatively high as compared to other non-OECD countries and developing countries.
• An energy –intensive economy and high dependence on coal for primary energy is a major reason for this pattern.
• Being an is a non-Annex 1 country. South Africa has generally taken the approach of sustainable development to create a platform for developing into a low carbon society.
• energy efficiency is seen as being critical toward achieving such objective.
Two way interaction between susistanable development and climate change
SustainableDevelopment
Climate Change
Energy supply options with low GHG emissions/ Low carbon economy i.e. Energy Efficiency
GHG emissions from energySupply/ energy intensive
industry
CLIMATET CHANGE
Climate change is defined as a change of climate which is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere.
Climate change represents a change in the long-term weather patterns
They can become warmer or colder. Annual amounts of rainfall or snowfall can increase or decrease
This is due to increased levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere
Green House Effect
Global mean temperatures are rising faster with time
100 0.0740.018
Warmest 12 years:1998,2005,2003,2002,2004,200
6, 2001,1997,1995,1999,1990,200
0
Period Rate 50 0.1280.026
Years /decade
Residential and Load Management
Energy Efficiency and Demand Side Management
• EE Refers to initiatives that are aimed at reducing the energy used by specific end-use devices and systems
• DSM is the process whereby an electricity supplier influences the way electricity is used by consumers.
• There is indeed a great potential for energy efficiency and Demand Side Management in South Africa , across a range of sectors.
Benefits of Energy Efficiency and DSM
Energy Efficiency• Saving electricity • Preservation of non renewable resources• Conserving the environment by reducing GHG gas emissions.• Improve the health of the nation• Alleviate energy poverty• Job creation
DSM• Reduce demand during peak times • Keep electricity costs down
Energy Efficiency Interventions in south africa
• South African Energy Efficiency strategy aims to improve energy efficiency by 15% in 2015.
• Efficient ligtining Programme: initiated by GEF and co funded by Eskom to disseminate of CFLs to low income households
• Eskom’s DSM Programme; focus on load management, industrial equipment and efficient lightining
Continues..
• Promotion of Renewable Energy that can replace the use of fossils fuels.
• Several energy efficiency projects are already implemmmented on the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projects.
• Minister signed EE accord with more than 32 mining and industrial companies signed in 2005 and 5 more joined in 2006. Voluntary agreement to achieve targets.
• Installing of solar panel on street and traffic lights by various municipalities across South Africa.
• Roll out of Basa Njengo Magogo” (BnM) technology
• DEAT to launch Clean Fire Campaign in a month time
Energy Efficiency Measures at Residential Homes
• Improved energy efficiency of lightning's by using compact fluorescent lights lamps (CFL) instead of ordinary bulbs
• Use low energy lamps for exterior lightining• Improved heat insulation and building designs• Install geyser blanket• Install aerated shower heads to minimize hot water consumption• Defrost freezers regularly• Switch lights off• Dont leave electrical appliances switched on when not in use.
Conclusion
• Republic of South Africa is one of few countries in the world with an energy Efficiency strategy.
• The EE has so far contributed to many positives changes in the energy sector.
• EE has become an important measure world wide in the fight against climate change
NDO LIVHUWA!