Post on 09-Jul-2020
EMPATHIZE / DISCOVERY:
I have a challenge, How Do I approach it?
Ronald B. Bucinell, Ph.D., P.E.,
Union College, Mechanical Engineering
• Forming Teams
• Choosing a Project
• Preparing for a Site Visit
• Learning to Observe: Thoughtless Acts
CREATIVITY
1. Getting the RIGHT ANSWER
• Our education system has taught us to look for the
one right answero The most innovative is most likely the 2nd, 3rd, or 10th
• Many ways to get to the SECOND Right Answero Solicit plural answers
o Ask “What if…”
o Playing the fool.
o Reversing the problem.
o Breaking the rules.
o Etc.
2Union College, Mechanical Engineering MER312: Mechanism Design (RBB)
Effective Ideation Requires that
Guidelines are Establish
3
In the Initial Ideation Phase
1. No Evaluation or Logic
2. Relax
3. Quantity (do not worry about quality)
4. Stream of Ideas
5. Think in Pictures
6. Build onto Idea Fragments
To Encourage Listening and Premature Judgment
1. Start all sentences with a positive statement about the previous
speakers statement.
2. Do not allow anyone to use the word “but” in their sentence.
MER312: Mechanism Design (RBB)Union College, Mechanical Engineering
“Killer Phrases” That CAN NOT Be
Used In Class Today
4
1. A good idea, but …
2. Against company policy
3. All rig theory.
4. Be practical.
5. Costs too much.
6. Don’t start anything yet.
7. It needs more study.
8. It’s not budgeted.
9. It’s not good enough.
10. It’s not part of your job.
11. Let’s make a survey first.
12. Let’s sit on it for a while.
13. That’s not our problem.
14. The boss won’t go for it.
15. The old timers won’t use it.
16. Too hard to administer.
17. We have been doing it this way for a long
time it works.
18. Why hasn’t someone suggested it before
if it’s such a good idea?
19. Ahead of the times.
20. Let’s discuss it.
21. Let’s form a committee.
22. We’ve never done it that way before.
23. Who else has tried it.
MER312: Mechanism Design (RBB)Union College, Mechanical Engineering
Two References are Particularly Good
at Developing a Culture of Creativity
http://creativethinking.net/#sthash.p34QIhZn.dpbshttp://www.creativethink.com/
MER312: Mechanism Design (RBB)Union College, Mechanical Engineering 5
Quadrant 1
GENERATING
Quadrant 3
OPTIMIZING
Quadrant 2
CONCEPTUALIZING
Problem
Finding
Fact
Finding
Problem
Definition
Idea
Finding
Evaluate
& Select
Plan
Acceptance
“sell” idea
Action
The Innovation Process as a Cycle
Quadrant 4
IMPLEMENTING
Evaluation Ideation
Thinking
Experiencing
Orientation Toward
Using Knowledge
Orientation Toward
Acquiring Knowledge
6Union College, Mechanical Engineering MER312: Mechanism Design (RBB)
7Union College, Mechanical Engineering MER312: Mechanism Design (RBB)
Competition Rules
1. Teams of 2 students
2. No electronics
3. A simple mechanism must be designed to solve a problem that someone is having. The
problem and the customer must be described.
4. Once the problem is identified, specifications must be developed that describe the
functions needed to solve the problem. The description must include the characteristics
for an isomer in each phase of the resulting mechanism function.
5. At least four isomers must be considered that have the appropriate characteristics for a
mechanism that will solve the problem.
6. Each of the four isomers must be synthesized into a minimum of two unique
mechanisms.
7. At least two types of Mechanisms (linkages, cams, gears, belts/pulleys, springs, etc)
must be integrated into the final solution
8. Detailed synthesis on one or more of the six isomers must be conducted.
9. The synthesized design that best meets the design specifications must be constructed.
8Union College, Mechanical Engineering MER312: Mechanism Design (RBB)
Competition Grading Rubric
A Range:
• Impeccable workmanship, Craftsman like. Joints are designed and fasteners are used.
• Exceeds functionality specified in design specifications
• At least two types of mechanisms – linkages, cams, gears, belts/pulleys, springs- are designed and
incorporated into the mechanism
• Simulation of final design
• The presentation is professionally prepared and presented
B Range:
• High Quality Workmanship
• Functions as designated in specifications
• At least two types of mechanisms – linkages, cams, gears, belts/pulleys- are designed and incorporated
into the mechanism
• The presentation is professionally prepared and presented
C Range:
• Fair workmanship
• Functions as designated in specifications
• At least one types of mechanisms – linkages, cams, gears, belts/pulleys- is designed and incorporated
into the mechanism
• The presentation prepared and presented was of acceptable quality
9Union College, Mechanical Engineering MER312: Mechanism Design (RBB)
Competition Grading Rubric
D Range:
• Fair to spotty workmanship
• Completes some of the desired functions
• Most constraints are satisfied by the mechanism
• At least one types of mechanisms – linkages, cams, gears, belts/pulleys- is designed and incorporated
into the mechanism
• The presentation prepared and presented was of poor quality
Factors influencing:
• Number and sophistication of mechanism elements used
• Functionality of the prototype
• Quality of workmanship
• Quality of the design calculation write-up
• Use of HOT-GLUE will result in a maximum grade of C
10Union College, Mechanical Engineering MER312: Mechanism Design (RBB)
Prompter Questions: Sensing the Present
1. What major gripes and difficulties are people around you talking about?
2. What opportunities are people around you missing?
3. How could you help the people around you if you only knew them better?
4. What small problems for your social group, department, college, or other organization could grow into big ones?
5. What barriers impede communications within your social group, department, college, or other organization?
6. How could you improve quality?
1. of the experience within your social group, department, college, or other organization,
2. of the interaction within or between social groups, departments, colleges, or other organizations,
3. of services provided by you or to you.
7. What are your most difficult people problems?
8. What goals do you fail to attain year after year?
9. What is likely to cause your next crisis?
10.What issues do you think people are afraid to bring up?
11.What makes it hard to plan?
12.What problems experienced by other social group, departments, colleges, or other organization do you want to avoid?
13.What outside ideas could your social group, department, college, or other organization adapt?
11Union College, Mechanical Engineering MER312: Mechanism Design (RBB)
Prompter Questions: Anticipating the Future
1. What changes, issues, problems and opportunities do you visualize three years down the road?
2. As your social group, department, college, or other organization’s information needs increase, what new problems and
issues will arise?
3. Who might feel threatened by the idea of sharing information within your social group, department, college, or other
organization?
4. What training do people need to meet challenges two years from now?
5. What information would simplify your efforts/life?
6. What demands on you will increase in the next: Three years? Five Years? Ten Years?
7. What will the biggest challenges for you over the next: Three years? Five Years? Ten Years?
8. What would you most like to see happen in the next three years?
9. What new pressures might you encounter from your:
1. friends?
2. parents?
3. other students?
4. community?
5. Politicians?
6. The media?
10.What might cause other people not to support your efforts?
12Union College, Mechanical Engineering MER312: Mechanism Design (RBB)
Prompter Questions:
Personal Problem Finding
1. What existing risk and uncertainties do you face?
2. What risk and uncertainties might you face in the future?
3. What changes do you feel you need to make?
4. With whom do you want to get along better?
5. What would make you happy or proud?
6. What makes you worry?
7. What takes too much time?
8. What has bothered you recently?
9. What would you like to know more about?
10. What goals have been lying fallow?
http://www.basadur.com/
13Union College, Mechanical Engineering MER312: Mechanism Design (RBB)
Draw the Problem
1. What problem are you trying to solve?
2. Write a list of items helping to explain the
problem.
3. Draw a picture of the problem so that a peer
could understand it.i. Simple drawings or more metaphorical
4. Drawing should assist in explaining the
problem
Identify who to talk to.
o 1/3 “ideal constituents:” those who will directly benefit
from the innovation.
o 1/3 “opposite extreme:” those who will know of the
innovation, will never use it, but may have some
interest in seeing it implemented.
o 1/3 “average:” those who the researchers believe
represent more in between.
15
What does the Customer
THINK and FEEL?
What really counts, major preoccupations, worries & aspirations
What Does the Customer
HEAR?
What friends say,
What boss says,
What influencers say
What Does the Customer
SEE?
Environment,
Friends,
What the Market Offers
What does the Customer
SAY and Do?
Attitude in public, appearance, behavior toward others
PAIN
Fears
Frustrations
Obstacles
GAIN
Wants/needs
Measures of success
obstacles
The Empathy Map
THINK and FEEL?
HEAR? SEE?
SAY and Do?
PAIN GAIN
On The White Board
The Empathy Map
What Does the Customer
SEE?
Environment,
Friends,
What the Market Offers
The Empathy Map:
SEE
Describe what the customer
sees in their environment
• What does it look like?
• Who surrounds them?
• Who are their friends?
• What types of offers are
they exposed to daily (as
apposed to all market
offers)
• What problems do they
encounter.
The Empathy Map:
HEAR
Describe how the environment
influences the customer
• What do their friends say?
What do their spouse or
partner say?
• Who really influences them,
and how?
• Which media channels are
influential to them?
What Does the Customer
HEAR?
What friends say,
What boss says,
What influencers say
The Empathy Map:
FEEL
Try to sketch out what goes on
in your customer’s mind
• What is really important to
them (which they might not
say publicly)?
• What might keep them up at
night?
• Try describing their dreams
and aspirations.
What does the Customer
THINK and FEEL?
What really counts, major preoccupations, worries & aspirations
The Empathy Map:
SAY and DO
Imagine what the customer
might say, or how they might
behave in public
• What is his/her attitude?
• What could he/she be telling
others?
• Pay particular attention to
potential conflicts between
what a customer might say
and what the customer truly
think and feel.
What does the Customer
SAY and Do?
Attitude in public, appearance, behavior toward others
The Empathy Map:
CUSTOMER’S PAIN
• What are the customer’s
biggest frustrations?
• What obstacles stand
between the customer and
what they want or need to
achieve?
• Which risk might he/she fear
taking?
PAIN
Fears
Frustrations
Obstacles
The Empathy Map:
CUSTOMER’S GAIN
• What does the customer
truly want or need to
achieve?
• How does the customer
measure success?
• Think of some strategies the
customer might use to
achieve their goals.
GAIN
Wants/needs
Measures of success
obstacles