Post on 25-Jun-2015
U.S. History – Chapter 15
The Republican
Party &
President William H.
Taft
The Republican
Party &
President William H.
Taft
Keepthe
WhistleBlowing
Keepthe
WhistleBlowing
Taft was determined to preserve the conservative heart of the Republican Party.
Come, Mr. President. You Can’t Have
the Stage ALL of the Time!
Come, Mr. President. You Can’t Have
the Stage ALL of the Time!
William Taft• Ohio / Sec. of War under TR• Didn’t have the flare of TR• But he proved himself to be a Progressive
1.Prosecuted Twice as many Trusts as TR in only 4 years2. Expanded the number of National Forest acres
3. Pushed laws to improve safety in mines
4. Established Children’s Bureau – Protected the rights and interests of Children• Saw the Presidency as an administrative post• TR is disillusioned – Taft not a strong public leader
Republican Party Platform
Republican Party Platform
High import tariffs-Support Big Business
Put limitations on female and child labor
Workman’s Compensation Laws
Against initiative, referendum, & recall
Against “bad” trusts
Creation of a Federal Trade Commission
Conservation of natural resources because they are finite.
Republican Convention of 1912
• TR & Taft both arrive expecting the nomination of the party
Who Deserves the Nomination?
Taft or TRThe Party Chooses Taft
- TR bolts from the party
The GOP After the
CircusThe
Convention batters the Party as TR forms a 3rd
Party
The GOP After the
CircusThe
Convention batters the Party as TR forms a 3rd
Party
TR The Republican Party must stand for the rights of humanity, or else it must stand for special privilege.
The Progressive
“Bull Moose” Party
Former President Theodore Roosevelt
The Progressive
“Bull Moose” Party
Former President Theodore RooseveltPeople should riseabove their sectarianinterests to promote the general good.
TheAnti-Third-Term
Principle
TheAnti-Third-Term
Principle
Theodore Roosevelt atOsawatomie, KS: New Nationalism
Theodore Roosevelt atOsawatomie, KS: New Nationalism
Big business requires Bigger Government
The “Bull
Moose”Party:The
LatestArrivalat the
Political Zoo
The “Bull
Moose”Party:The
LatestArrivalat the
Political Zoo
We stand at Armageddon,
and we battle for the Lord!
Progressive Party Platform
Progressive Party PlatformWomen’s suffrage
Graduated income tax
Inheritance tax for the rich
Lower tariffs (opposite of GOP)
Limits on campaign spending
Minimum wage laws
NATIONAL HEALTH CARE
Abolition of child labor
Workmen’s compensation
New
Nationalism
Tariffs & Big Business- Automobiles
Tariffs
USAFord
Foreign competitionToyota
______________________Would Big Business in
America rather
have Higher or Lower Tariffs?
The Socialist Party
& Eugene V. Debs
The Socialist Party
& Eugene V. Debs
The issue is Socialism versus Capitalism. I am for Socialism because I am for humanity.
“The Working Class Candidates”
“The Working Class Candidates”
Eugene V. Debs Emil Seigel support from workers for President for VP(unions)
Growth of the Socialist VoteGrowth of the Socialist VoteYear
Socialist Party
Socialist Labor Party Total
1888 2,068 2,068
1890 13,704 13,704
1892 21,512 21,512
1894 30,020 30,020
1896 36,275 36,274
1898 82,204 82,204
1900 96,931 33,405 130,336
1902 223,494 53,763 277,257
1904 408,230 33,546 441,776
1906 331,043 20,265 351,308
1908 424,488 14,021 438,509
1910 607,674 34,115 641,789
1912 901,873
The Industrial Worker: I. W. W.
The Industrial Worker: I. W. W.
The first American labor group to open its membership to all wage-earning workers, regardless of skill, nationality, race, sex, or gender.
Socialist Party PlatformSocialist Party Platform
Government ownership of railroads and utilities
Guaranteed income tax
No tariffs
8-hour work day
Better housing
Government inspection of factories
Women’s suffrage
The Democratic Party &Governor Woodrow
Wilson (NJ)
The Democratic Party &Governor Woodrow
Wilson (NJ)
Could he rescue the Democratic Party from “Bryanism”??
The ReformGovern
orof NJ:
It TakesTime
to Remov
ethe
Grime
The ReformGovern
orof NJ:
It TakesTime
to Remov
ethe
Grime
Woodrow Wilson• Virginia 1856• Learning disability – couldn’t read until 11• Father was a Presbyterian Minister• Taught him moral values• PhD in political Science – Prof. for 16 yrs• President of Princeton U. (1902-10) - NJ• He had no political experience but, wrote
books about govt. while teaching
Wilson becomes a Politician
• Books seemed to show he believed the Republican reforms were too extreme
• Nominated by James Smith (NJ Party Boss)
- to run for Governor in 1910 as Dem.(Electable/Novice/Non Threatening Appearance)
• Elected Gov. in 1910 - NJ• Declared independence from the machine• Supported many progressive reforms in NJ
Democratic Party Platform
Democratic Party PlatformGovernment control of the
monopolies trusts in general were bad eliminate them!!
Tariff reduction
One-term President
Direct election of Senators
Create a Department of Labor
Strengthen/Sherman Anti-Trust Act
Did NOT support women’s suffrage
New
Freedom
TR&
Women’s
Suffrage:
The Militan
t Recruit
TR&
Women’s
Suffrage:
The Militan
t Recruit
UpAgain
st the
Hurdles
UpAgain
st the
Hurdles
Woman Suffrage Before 1920
Woman Suffrage Before 1920
TR gets Shot in MilwaukeeOct. 14th by John Schrank
(Believed in 2 Terms)“Friends, I shall ask you to be as
quiet as possible. I don't know whether you fully
understand that I have just been shot; but it takes more than that to kill a Bull Moose. The bullet is in me now, so that I cannot
make a very long speech, but I will try my best.”
• Wilson – suspends
campaign while TR is in the hospital
1912 Election Results - Votes
• Wilson (D) 6.3 million• TR (P) 4.1 million• Taft (R) 3.5 million• Debs (S) .9 million
What did Taft & TR effectively do?
look at math problem on next slide
GOP Divided by Bull Moose
Equals Democratic Victory!
GOP Divided by Bull Moose
Equals Democratic Victory!
Election ResultsElection Results
By 1912, 100,000 fewer people had voted for Wilson than had voted for Bryan in 1908.
The 1912 election marked the high pt. of the Socialist movement in America.
TheGOP:
AnExtinctAnimal
?
TheGOP:
AnExtinctAnimal
?
Assignment- Ch 15.3 p. 537-540 ebook
– Due:_________ 25pts• Wilson’s New Freedoms Program
consisted of Four main Categories1) Tariffs2) Banks3) Trusts4) Reforms for Workers
Explain each Category:• What was the issue? • What was created to carry out his plan ? • Did he succeed? Did he Compromise?
– 1 page:
Answers
1.Tariffs – Underwood Tariff- reduced rate to about 30% of
the value of the goods or 1/2 of what is was in the 1890’s
Underwood Tariff also had a provision for the collection of a direct income tax(1%) – 16th Am in 1913
2. Reforming Banks The Federal Reserve Act- 12 Regional Banks with the Power to set interest rates to control the economy
3. Trusts Creation of the FTC
– Federal Trade Commission
To monitor Am. Business so they would stop unfair trade practices(slow)
Clayton Antitrust Act outlawed practices that restricted competition – stronger than the Sherman
4. Reforms for WorkersKeating-Owen Child Labor Law
- prohibited the employment of kids U14 in factories producing goods for interstate commerce
1918 – declared unconstitutional
(child labor is not interstate commerce so only the state could enforce)
Adamson Act – 8 hr workday for RR workers
Federal Farm Loan Act – low interest loans