Egg candling & fertility

Egg Candling Egg Candling & & Embryo diagnosis, Embryo diagnosis, Hatchability Drops & Possible Causes.Hatchability Drops & Possible Causes.Cairo, Misr Poultry Companies.Cairo, Misr Poultry Companies.June 24, 2003.June 24, 2003.

AngelAngel I. Salazar, B.S., M.S. I. Salazar, B.S., M.S.Advisor, Commercial Hatchery Management,Advisor, Commercial Hatchery Management,

International Division.International Division.Chick Master Incubator Company.Chick Master Incubator Company.

Egg CandlingEgg Candling&&

FertilityFertility

““Hatchability”Hatchability” Fertility.Fertility.

(%)(%) HATCH HATCH of of FERTILES.FERTILES.

Age of the flock, Age of the flock, (FIFO).(FIFO).

Age of the HEs. Age of the HEs.

¿Where to look?¿Where to look?

¿What measures to implement?¿What measures to implement?

Length of Egg Storage & Length of Egg Storage & Hatchability.Hatchability.

Days of Storage

Candling & Tray Residue Candling & Tray Residue BreakoutBreakout

1 2 3 4 5 6 71 2 3 4 5 6 7****** 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 8 9 10 11 12 13 14****** 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

Early Middle LateEarly Middle Late

Candle eggs ( 10-12 days ) residue ( at hatch ). Candle eggs ( 10-12 days ) residue ( at hatch ).

Look for the day Look for the day @@ which embryo death occurred. which embryo death occurred.

Check flock & review operating status of equipment.Check flock & review operating status of equipment.

Check same flock in a different machine.Check same flock in a different machine.

Check different flock in same machine.Check different flock in same machine.

Look for mold.Look for mold.

Look for mortality patterns.Look for mortality patterns.

Individual Candling.

Egg Candling Table.

AIS-CM-02

FertilityFertility

AIS-CM-02

Infertile

AIS-CM-02

Hairline Cracks

Broken-Eggs

FertilityFertility Fertility is a Fertility is a MUSTMUST to get good hatchability. to get good hatchability.

Timely break-out data from candled eggs gives Timely break-out data from candled eggs gives an early assessment of flock fertility.an early assessment of flock fertility.

Candling break-out @ 8-10 days of incubation is Candling break-out @ 8-10 days of incubation is the most accurate way to assess breeder flock the most accurate way to assess breeder flock fertility.fertility.

Predict hatch based on hatch of fertiles once Predict hatch based on hatch of fertiles once fertility is known.fertility is known.

(%) Hatch of Fertile(%) Hatch of Fertile

Quickly separates fertility from hatchery Quickly separates fertility from hatchery related problems.related problems.

Allows manager to focus on hatchery Allows manager to focus on hatchery problems.problems.

Expedites troubleshooting.Expedites troubleshooting.

Fertility & Hatch of Fertiles:Fertility & Hatch of Fertiles:

Peak fertility: 97%+Peak fertility: 97%+

Peak hatch of fertiles: 93.5%Peak hatch of fertiles: 93.5%

Set fertility & hatch percent standards by Set fertility & hatch percent standards by the age of the breeder flock.the age of the breeder flock.

Hatch of Fertiles According Hatch of Fertiles According to Breeder Flock Age:to Breeder Flock Age:

HatchHatchofof

FertilesFertiles

25-33 wks25-33 wks 90.2%90.2%

34-50 wks34-50 wks 91.8%91.8%

51-68 wks51-68 wks 88.6%88.6%

Example:Example:

86.4% Hatch / 96% Fertility = 90% Hatch of Fertile86.4% Hatch / 96% Fertility = 90% Hatch of Fertile

Causes for Losses in Hatchability.

Fertility

Early Mortality

Mid Mortality

Late Mortality & Pips

Source: Dr. Keith Bramwell. University of Arkansas. (2002)

Embryo Embryo MortalityMortalityPatterns.Patterns.

Hatcher Hatcher Tray Tray

Residue Residue Analysis.Analysis.

AIS-CM-02

AIS-02

Leg DuplicatioLeg Duplication.n.

Anomalies.Anomalies.

Aisz-2002

AIS-02

AIS-CM-02

AIS-02AIS-02

Not enough Egg Weight Loss?Not enough Egg Weight Loss?

AIS-CM-02

Red Hocks

Mal PositionsMal Positions&&

Points Up.Points Up.

Incorrect CorrectIncorrect Correct

Aisz-2002

AIS-CM-02

D. Baena

Aisz-2002

InfertileInfertileEmbryonic DevelopmentEmbryonic Development

to to ratio.ratio. Diseases.Diseases. Nutrition.Nutrition. Breeder Management.Breeder Management.

No development.No development.Troubleshooting GuideTroubleshooting Guide

BLASTODISC

(3-4 mm)

Aisz-2002

Blastodisc Blastodisc

BLASTODISC

Pre-Ovipositional Death

Blastoderm

Day Day 11

Appearance of tissue Appearance of tissue development.development.

Embryonic DevelopmentEmbryonic Development

Troubleshooting GuideTroubleshooting Guide

Low fertility.Low fertility. Pre-incubation.Pre-incubation. Improper fumigation.Improper fumigation. Improper turning.Improper turning. Improper temperature. Improper temperature. Improper humidity.Improper humidity. Improper ventilation.Improper ventilation. Points-up.Points-up. Rough egg handling.Rough egg handling. Insufficient egg holding time.Insufficient egg holding time. Rough setting of eggs.Rough setting of eggs. Contaminated eggs.Contaminated eggs. Nutritional-drugs-toxins.Nutritional-drugs-toxins.

Aisz-2002

Aisz-03

AIS-02

Day Day 22

Tissue development very Tissue development very visible.visible.

Appearance of blood vessels.Appearance of blood vessels.

Embryonic DevelopmentEmbryonic Development Troubleshooting GuideTroubleshooting Guide Low fertility.Low fertility. Pre-incubation.Pre-incubation. Improper fumigation.Improper fumigation. Improper turning.Improper turning. Improper temperature. Improper temperature. Improper humidity.Improper humidity. Improper ventilation.Improper ventilation. Inverted eggs.Inverted eggs. Rough egg handling.Rough egg handling. Insufficient egg holding time.Insufficient egg holding time. Rough setting of eggs.Rough setting of eggs. Contaminated eggs.Contaminated eggs. Nutritional-drugs-toxins.Nutritional-drugs-toxins.

AIS-02

Ross-Breeders

AIS-02

Capillary Network over the Surface of the Yolk.

AIS-02

30 Hours30 Hours

Day Day 33

Heart beats.Heart beats. Blood vessels very visible.Blood vessels very visible.

Low fertility.Low fertility. Pre-incubation.Pre-incubation. Improper fumigation.Improper fumigation. Improper turning.Improper turning. Improper temperature. Improper temperature. Improper humidity.Improper humidity. Improper ventilation.Improper ventilation. Points-up.Points-up. Rough egg handling.Rough egg handling. Insufficient egg holding time.Insufficient egg holding time. Rough setting of eggs.Rough setting of eggs. Contaminated eggs.Contaminated eggs. Nutritional-drugs-toxins.Nutritional-drugs-toxins.

AIS-02

Blood Rings.Blood Rings.

AIS-CM-02

Day Day 44

Both Eyes Pigmented.Both Eyes Pigmented. Heart beat clearly visible.Heart beat clearly visible.

Embryonic DevelopmentEmbryonic Development Troubleshooting GuideTroubleshooting Guide

Improper turning.Improper turning. Improper temperature.Improper temperature. Improper humidity.Improper humidity. Improper ventilation.Improper ventilation. Points-up.Points-up. Rough setting of eggs.Rough setting of eggs. Contaminated eggs.Contaminated eggs. Nutritional-drugs-toxins.Nutritional-drugs-toxins.

Ross-Breeders

Day Day 55

Appearance of elbows and Appearance of elbows and knees.knees.

Improper turning.Improper turning. Improper temperature. Improper temperature. Improper humidity.Improper humidity. Improper ventilation.Improper ventilation. Points-up.Points-up. Rough setting of eggs.Rough setting of eggs. Contaminated eggs.Contaminated eggs. Nutritional-drugs-toxins.Nutritional-drugs-toxins.

AIS-02

Dark EyeDark Eye

Day Day 66

Appearance of beak.Appearance of beak. Voluntary movement begins.Voluntary movement begins.

SM-Cobb

Day Day 77

Comb growth begins.Comb growth begins. Egg tooth begins to appear.Egg tooth begins to appear.

0-7 D0-7 Daysays

(2-3%)(2-3%)

(3.5-4.5%)(3.5-4.5%)

(4.75-5.5%)(4.75-5.5%)

G. Taylor-CM

Day Day 88

Feather tracts seen.Feather tracts seen. Upper and lower beak equal in Upper and lower beak equal in

length.length.

Improper turning.Improper turning. Improper temperature. Improper temperature. Improper humidity.Improper humidity. Improper ventilation.Improper ventilation. Points-up.Points-up. Insufficient egg holding time.Insufficient egg holding time. Rough setting of eggs.Rough setting of eggs. Contamination.Contamination. Nutritional.Nutritional.

S. Martin

Aisz-CM-02

Day Day 99

Embryo starts to look bird likeEmbryo starts to look bird like Mouth opening appears.Mouth opening appears.

AIS-CM-02

S. Martin

Day Day 1010

Egg tooth prominent.Egg tooth prominent. Toe nails.Toe nails.

S. Martin

Day Day 1111

Comb serrated.Comb serrated. Tail feathers apparent.Tail feathers apparent.

Improper turning.Improper turning. Improper temperature. Improper temperature. Improper humidity.Improper humidity. Improper ventilation.Improper ventilation. Inverted eggs.Inverted eggs. Insufficient egg holding time.Insufficient egg holding time. Rough setting of eggs.Rough setting of eggs. Contaminated.Contaminated. Nutritional.Nutritional.

AIS-CM-02 SbrnsSlzrBachoco2003

SM-Cobb

PRfrm-11Días.

Day Day 1212

Toes fully formed.Toes fully formed. First few visible feathers.First few visible feathers.

SM-Cobb

Day Day 1313

Appearance of scales. Appearance of scales. Body covered lightly with Body covered lightly with

feathers.feathers.

Improper turning.Improper turning. Improper temperature.Improper temperature. Improper humidity.Improper humidity. Improper ventilation.Improper ventilation. Points-up.Points-up. Insufficient egg holding time.Insufficient egg holding time. Rough setting of eggs.Rough setting of eggs. Contamination.Contamination. Nutritional.Nutritional.

Es-Aisz-Bachoco-2003

Alantoides

S. Martin

Day Day 1414

Embryo turns head towards Embryo turns head towards large end of egg.large end of egg.

Improper turning.Improper turning. Improper temperature. Improper temperature. Improper humidity.Improper humidity. Improper ventilation.Improper ventilation. Points-up.Points-up. Insufficient holding time.Insufficient holding time. Rough setting of eggs.Rough setting of eggs. Contamination.Contamination. Nutritional.Nutritional.

8-14 D8-14 D

(0.25-0.50%)(0.25-0.50%)

(0.55-0.75%)(0.55-0.75%)

(0.80-1.0%)(0.80-1.0%)

PRfrm-14Days.

AIS-MAP-CM-02

Day Day 1515

Gut is drawn into abdominal Gut is drawn into abdominal cavity.cavity.

Improper turning.Improper turning. Improper Improper

temperature.temperature. Improper humidity.Improper humidity. Improper Improper

ventilation.ventilation. Points-up.Points-up. Contamination.Contamination. Nutritional.Nutritional.

Day Day 1616

Feathers cover complete body.Feathers cover complete body. Albumen nearly gone.Albumen nearly gone.

Improper turning.Improper turning. Improper temperature. Improper temperature. Improper humidity.Improper humidity. Improper ventilation.Improper ventilation. Points-up.Points-up. Contamination.Contamination. Nutritional.Nutritional.

AIS-CM-02

Day Day 1717

Amniotic fluid decreases.Amniotic fluid decreases. Head is between legs.Head is between legs.

Embryonic DevelopmentEmbryonic DevelopmentTroubleshooting GuideTroubleshooting Guide

Improper turning.Improper turning. Improper temperature. Improper temperature. Improper humidity.Improper humidity. Improper ventilation.Improper ventilation. Points-up.Points-up. Contamination.Contamination. Nutritional.Nutritional.

AIS-CM-02

AIS-02AIS-CM-02

AIS-02 Pas-Rfrm-17D.

Day Day 1818

Embryo growth almost complete.Embryo growth almost complete. Yolk sac is still unabsorbed.Yolk sac is still unabsorbed. Head is under the right wing.Head is under the right wing.

Hatcher opened too much. Hatcher opened too much. during hatch cycle.during hatch cycle.

Rough transfer.Rough transfer. Transfer cracks.Transfer cracks. Wet trays and hatchers.Wet trays and hatchers. Inconsistent transfer.Inconsistent transfer. Improper turning.Improper turning. Improper temperature.Improper temperature. Improper humidity.Improper humidity. Improper ventilation.Improper ventilation. Points-up.Points-up. Contamination.Contamination. Nutritional.Nutritional.

AIS-02

AIS-CM-02

Day Day 1919

Yolk sac draws into body cavity.Yolk sac draws into body cavity. Amniotic fluid gone.Amniotic fluid gone. Embryo occupies most of space Embryo occupies most of space

within egg, excluding the air cell.within egg, excluding the air cell.

Frequent opening of the Frequent opening of the hatcher cabinet during hatch hatcher cabinet during hatch cycle.cycle.

Rough transfer.Rough transfer. Transfer cracks.Transfer cracks. Wet trays and hatchers.Wet trays and hatchers. Inconsistent transfer.Inconsistent transfer. Improper turning.Improper turning. Improper temperature.Improper temperature. Improper humidity.Improper humidity. Improper ventilation.Improper ventilation. Points-up.Points-up. Contamination.Contamination. Nutritional.Nutritional.

AIS-CM-02

Day 20Day 20

Yolk sac completely reabsorbed. Yolk sac completely reabsorbed. Embryo becomes a chick Embryo becomes a chick

(breathing in air cell). (breathing in air cell). Internal & external pip.Internal & external pip.

Frequent opening of hatcher Frequent opening of hatcher during the hatch.during the hatch.

Transfer Cracks.Transfer Cracks. Wet trays & hatchers.Wet trays & hatchers. Inconsistent transfer.Inconsistent transfer. Improper turning.Improper turning. Improper humidity.Improper humidity. Improper ventilation.Improper ventilation. Points-up.Points-up. Contamination.Contamination. Nutritional.Nutritional.

Troubleshooting guideTroubleshooting guide

15-21 D15-21 D

(2-3%)(2-3%)

(3.5-4%)(3.5-4%)

(4.5-5%)(4.5-5%)

S. Martin

MRI (Embryo @ 19-20 Days).MRI (Embryo @ 19-20 Days).

AIS-02AIS-CM-02

External PippingExternal Pipping

21-Days21-Days&&

500-506 Hours.500-506 Hours.

Late Embryo Late Embryo MortalityMortality

Uneven, Draggy Uneven, Draggy Hatches.Hatches.

Many Thanks for Many Thanks for Your Attention!Your Attention!

AIS-CM-02

Egg candling & fertility

Health & Medicine

Transcript of Egg candling & fertility

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