Post on 12-Jan-2016
description
University Electronic Publishing through
Digital Libraries:Courseware, Theses and Dissertations
ICSEP - Valparaiso, Chile, 1 Oct 2002
Edward A. Foxfox@vt.edu http://fox.cs.vt.edu
CS DLRL Internet TICNDLTD CITIDEL NSDL …Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
Acknowledgements (Selected)
• Sponsors: ACM, Adobe, IBM, Microsoft, NSF (Grants CDA-9312611; DUE-0121741, 0136690, 0121679; IIS-0080748, 0086227, 0002935, and 9986089), OCLC, SOLINET, UNESCO, US Dept. Ed. (FIPSE), VTLS, …
• Faculty/Staff (now): Boots Cassel, Debra Dudley, Lee Giles, Rex Hartson, John Impagliazzo, Deborah Knox, JAN Lee, Kurt Maly, Gail McMillan, Manuel Perez, Muhammad Zubair, …
• Students: Fernando Das Neves, Marcos Goncalves, Paul Mather, Ryan Richardson, Priya Shivakumar, Hussein Suleman, Wensi Xi, …
• UNESCO Analytical Survey: Leonid Kalinichenko
Main Message
• Digital libraries can help advance education.
• Chile is invited to engage in NSDL, CITIDEL, NDLTD, and other ventures.
• UNESCO Analytical Survey on Digital Libraries in Education is recommending DLE in each nation.
• Local and national support can• stimulate activities, including collaboration• promote a sharing culture, especially in research and teaching• leverage others’ investments (networking, computing, …)• encourage / facilitate learning, innovation and problem solving
Outline
• DL Introduction
• Concept Maps
• Case Study: NDLTD
• Case Study: CSTC, CITIDEL
• Case Study: NSDL
• Conclusions
Libraries of the FutureJCR Licklider, 1965, MIT Press
World
Nation
State
City
Community
Digital LibrariesShorten the Chain from
Editor
Publisher
A&I
Consolidator
Library
Reviewer
DLs Shorten the Chain to
Author
Reader
Digital
LibraryEditor
Reviewer
Teacher
Learner
Librarian
Metadata vs. Data
• Data refers to digital objects or digital representations of objects
• Metadata is information about the objects (e.g. title, author, etc.): descriptive, interpretive, administrative, …
• Many digital library efforts, including the Open Archives Initiative (OAI), focus on metadata, with the implicit understanding that metadata usually contains useful links to the source digital objects
• Purists would argue metadata is just data
Outline
• DL Introduction
• Concept Maps
• Case Study: NDLTD
• Case Study: CSTC, CITIDEL
• Case Study: NSDL
• Conclusions
Advancing Education
CommunityBuilding
DigitalLibraries
EducationalResources
Sharing
through
supported by
Community Building
example
NSDL NDLTD
example
CITIDEL
thru
ETD2003
(Berlin)
TrainingTrainers
using
ETD GuideNational Projects (e.g,
Australia, Germany, India, …)
thru
Manage-ment (see
later)
Advancing Education
CommunityBuilding
DigitalLibraries
EducationalResources
Sharing
through
supported by
Sharing Examples
byresearchers
byteachers
bystudents
acrossroles
TechReports
NCSTRL(ComputerScience)
Reviews
Courseware (recalldiagram)
ETDs
Portfoliosexample
Advancing Education
CommunityBuilding
DigitalLibraries
EducationalResources
Sharing
through
supported by
Educational Resource Benefits – 1/2More
resourcesthru Better
resources
WWW
Accessible
Affordable
Rewarded QualityControl
Fittingto
studentneeds
Digital
thru
because thru
Universaleduc. DL
FocusedDLs
from
thru
thru
thru
Buyersclub
OpenSource
Automation
Awards
Publicationcredit
DL tools
…
Educational Resource Benefits – 2/2More
resourcesthru Better
resources
Accessible Rewarded
QualityControl
Fittingto
studentneeds
Digital
because thru
thru
DL tools
Affordable
CompositionSmaller Malleability
InteractivityPersonalization
Students select
Easier to reuse
makes
thru
supports
…
Outline
• DL Introduction
• Concept Maps
• Case Study: NDLTD
• Case Study: CSTC, CITIDEL
• Case Study: NSDL
• Conclusions
A Digital Library Case Study
• Domain: graduate education, research
• Genre:ETDs=electronic theses & dissertations
• Submission: http://etd.vt.edu
• Collection: http://www.theses.org
Project: Networked Digital
Library of Theses & Dissertations
(NDLTD) http://www.ndltd.org
The Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations
www.NDLTD.org
Leader of the Worldwide ETD(Electronic Thesis and Dissertation) Initiative
Training AuthorsExpanding Access
Preserving KnowledgeImproving Graduate Education
Enhancing Scholarly CommunicationEmpowering Students & Universities
GradProgram
IT Ed.(Tech)Library
NDLTD
Key Ideas: Networked infrastructure
Scalability
Education is the rationale
University collaboration
Workflow, automation
Authors must submitMaximalAccess
PDF, SGML, MM,MARC, DC, URNs,Federated search
Standards
8th graders vs. grads
What led to today’s meeting?• 1987 mtg in Ann Arbor: UMI, VT, …• 1992 mtg in Washington: CNI, CGS, UMI, VT and 10
universities with 3 reps each• 1993 mtg in Atlanta to start Monticello Electronic Library
(regional, US Southeast): SURA, SOLINET• 1994 mtg at VT: std: PDF + SGML + multimedia objects• 1996 funding by SURA, US Dept. of Education (FIPSE)• 1997 meetings in UK, Germany, ...• 1998 – 1st symposium – Memphis (20)• 1999 – 2nd symposium – Blacksburg (70)• 2000 – 3rd symposium – St. Petersburg (225)• 2001 – 4th symposium – Caltech (200)• 2002 – 5th symposium–BYU; 2003–Berlin; 2004–Kentucky
What are the long term goals?
• 400K US students / year getting grad degrees are exposed / involved
• 200K/yr rich hypermedia ETDs that may turn into electronic portfolios (images, video, audio, …)
• Dramatic increase in knowledge sharing: literature reviews, bibliographies, …
• Services providing lifelong access for students: browse, search, prior searches, citation links
• Hundreds/thousands of downloads / year / work
Convene Local Planning Group
ETD
Build Local ETD Site
Digital Library
Policies
Inspection/Approval
Workshop/Training
ETD
ETD
NDLTD
Computer Resources
Research
Literature
Student Prepares Thesis/Dissertation
Student Defends & Finalizes ETD
My Thesis
ETD
Student Gets CommitteeSignatures and Submits ETD
Signed
Grad School
Graduate School Approves ETD, Student is Graduated
Ph.D.
Library Catalogs ETD, Access isOpened to the New Research
WWW
NDLTD
National / Regional Projects• Australia
• U. New South Wales (lead)• U. of Melbourne• U. of Queensland• U. of Sydney• Australian National U.• Curtin U. of Technology• Griffith U.
• Germany• Humboldt University (lead)
• 3 other universities
• 5 learned societies: Math, Physics, Chemistry, Sociology, Education
• 1 computing center
• 2 major libraries
• OhioLINK: 79 colleges/univs• Consorci de Biblioteques
Universitàries de Catalunya, as group, www.cbuc.es: 9 sites
• India• Korea• Brazil• UK (British Library, JISC,
Edinburgh)• UNESCO (especially Latin
America, Eastern Europe, Africa)
Some Countries
• Australia• Belgium• Brazil• Canada• China, Hong Kong• Columbia• Finland• France• Germany• India (Hyderabad)• Italy• Korea• Mexico
• Netherland• Norway• Russia• Singapore• S. Africa (Rhodes U.)• S. Korea• Spain• Sudan• Sweden• Taiwan• UK• USA
Institutional Members• British Library• Cinemedia• Coalition for Networked Information (CNI)• Committee on Institutional Cooperation (CIC)• Consorci de Biblioteques Universitàries de Catalunya• Diplomica.com• Dissertation.com• Dissertationen Online (Germany)• ETDweb, a Division of Answer4.com• Ibero-American Science & Technology Education Consortium (ISTEC)• National Documentation Centre (NDC), Greece• National Library of Portugal (for all universities)• OCLC Online Computer Library Center• OhioLINK• Organization of American States (SEDI/OAS)• Southeastern Library Network (SOLINET)• UNESCO (www.unesco.org/webworld/etd)
Access Possibilities
Websearchengines
librarycatalogclients
www.theses.org
www.openarchives.org
3rd
PartyServices(e.g.,UMI)
VirginiaTech
NationalLibrary ofPortugal
CBUC(Spain)
OhioLink
MIT NationalProjects:AU, GE, …
Example Architecture (NDLTD)
Humboldt
Duisburg
MIT Filter
MIT
Browse
Union Catalog
Search Recent
User Interface
User Interface
OAI/ODL archive
OAI/ODL protocol
leg
end
Virginia Tech
PhysNet
CalTech
Dresden
ODL Demonstration - FrontPage
ODL Demonstration - Search
ODL Demonstration - Browse
Complex to Simple
MARC ($50) Dublin Core (DC)
+thesis
ETD-MS
• ETD Metadata Standard• XML-encoded metadata standard
(content and encoding) for Electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETDs)
• in part conforming to Dublin Core (DC)
• using UNICODE
• (optionally / later using RDF)
• Well specified relationship with MARC
NDLTD Members and ETD-MS
• NDLTD members will• Share metadata for their ETDs
• Providing that in either ETD-MS
• Or if they use a version of MARC locally, work to have that eventually shared in either MARC21 or UNIMARC
• Run OAI, either locally or in consortia, so their metadata can be harvested, according to necessary terms and conditions
Some recent additions
• ETD individuals support• http://etdindividuals.dlib.vt.edu:9090
• ETD discussion (e-prints)• http://ndltdpapers.dlib.vt.edu:9090
• Conference papers and presentations• http://www.ndltd.org/WVUproc.htm
• Marcel Dekker book in publication
What are plans at VT?
• LOCKSS welcomed us• Lots of Copies Keeps Stuff Safe
• MARIAN: harvest, crawl/scrape, fed search• Metadata crosswalks and format converters• XML schema for ETDs• Open Digital Libraries: easy to add
services!• http://oai.dlib.vt.edu/odl
Union catalog? (OCLC)
• OCLC will expand the OAI data provider on TDs
• Will get data from WorldCat
• Will harvest from all who contact them
• Need DC and either ETD-MS or MARC
• Will have a set for ETDs
Union catalog? (VTLS, VT)
• VTLS will enhance search/browse service for ETDs• Will harvest from OCLC’s set of ETD records• Will receive through other mechanisms, too• Will work with MARC-21 and ETD-MS
• VT will continue to offer experimental services
NUDL (www.nudl.org)Int’l Research Support
• Networked University Digital Library• Partners: Germany, Mexico (Puebla and
Monterrey), Brazil• Problems: Multilingual search, high
performance DLs, requirements/usability, …
• Start with ETDs, then expand to other student works, portfolios, data sets, (CS) courseware, ...
Outline
• DL Introduction
• Concept Maps
• Case Study: NDLTD
• Case Study: CSTC, CITIDEL
• Case Study: NSDL
• Conclusions
CS Teaching Center (CSTC)
• Instead of building large, expensive multimedia packages, that become obsolete and are difficult to re-use, concentrate on small knowledge units.
• Learners benefit from having well-crafted modules that have been reviewed and tested.
• Use digital libraries to build a powerful base of support for learners, upon which a variety of courses, self-study tutorials & reference resources can be built.
JERIC
• JJournal of EEducational RResources iin CComputing
• Accessible from www.cstc.org and www.acm.org
• ACM and SIGCSE support
• Refereed and interactive
• Part of ACM Digital Library
www.CITIDEL.org• Computing and Information Technology Interactive
Digital Education Library, an NSDL Collection Track project
• Led by Virginia Tech, with co-PIs:• Fox (director, DL systems)• Lee (history)• Perez (user interface, Spanish support)
• Partners• College of New Jersey (Knox)• Hofstra (Impagliazzo)• Villanova (Cassel)• Penn State (Giles)
Summary of Spring 2001 Survey of CITIDEL-related Collections
and their Sizes
Size of Collection
1-5 items
6-100 items
101-999items
+1000items
Number ofCollectionsIdentified
100-300 50 20-35 10-25
CITIDEL Collection Sources
metadata
JERIC
fulltext
Experts’finding
aids
IEEE-CS…
include
CSTC ResearchIndex
ACM
NEC’sdata
dataprocessedw. R.I.
SIGCSEproceedings
ACMDL
include
include
include
include
include
Borner’sinfo vizsoftware
repository
NCSTRL
CITIDEL Collection Buildingthru
aided by
after
using
or thru
using
Submitting
VIADUCTGetSmart
Searching,Browsing
Classifying
Nominating
Crawling
Crawlifier
thru
Composing
include afterCreating
include after
DIGITAL LIBRARY SERVICES
REPOSITORIES
USER PORTALS
Overview of CITIDEL architecture
Union Metadata Repository
OAI Data
Provider
Laboratories Repository
Applets Repository
Papers Repository
Syllabi Repository
. . .
Digital Library Services
OAI Data
Harvester
Distributed repository structure
Annotations
OAI Data
Harvester
EDUCATORS
ADMINISTRATORS LEARNERS
Multilingual Searching
Revising Annotating Filtering Browsing Administering
Filtering Profiles User Profiles
Union Metadata
OAI Data
Provider
Remote and Peer Digital Libraries (eg. NSDL -CIS)
PORTALS
SERVICES
REPOSITORIES
Digital library architecture for localand interoperable CITIDEL services
Outline
• DL Introduction
• Concept Maps
• Case Study: NDLTD
• Case Study: CSTC, CITIDEL
• Case Study: NSDL
• Conclusions
NSDL Information ArchitectureEssentially as developed by the Technical Infrastructure Workgroup
referenceditems &
collections
referenceditems &
collections
Special Databases
NSDLServicesNSDL
ServicesOther NSDLServices
CI Services
annotation
CI Services
discussion
CI Services
personalization
CI Services
authentication
CI Services
browsing
Core Services:information retrieval
Core Collection-Building Services
harvesting
Core Collection-Building Services
protocols
Core Services:metadata gathering
Portals &ClientsPortals &
ClientsPortals &Clients
Usage Enhancement
Collection Building
User Interfaces
NSDLCollections
NSDLCollections
NSDLCollections
CoreNSDL“Bus”
GoalCore Integration Track
(FY00 pilots, FY01 full)Collections TrackServices TrackTargeted Research Track
NSDL
operational
Dec. 2002
NSDL Tracksinclude
CI (CoreIntegration)
ServicesCollections
Research
CITIDEL GetSmart
ConceptMaps
include include
supports
NSDL Management
are
guides
includes
StandingCommittees
CI (CoreIntegration)
TaskForces
PolicyCommittee
NationalVisiting
Committee
NSFStaff
CommunityServices
Technology
Sustainability
EducationalImpact
Content
NSDL Serving Usersthru
Organization
Labeling
Student
Teacher
Administrator
Librarian
Curricula
Shared
IntellectualProperty
EconomicsCommunity
CommercialMetadata
Funding:Initiating,
Leveraging
Volunteering:Leaders ofInnovation
part
thru
partpart
TopicalCategories
CommunityDiscussion
ExpertSelection
Outline
• DL Introduction
• Concept Maps
• Case Study: NDLTD
• Case Study: CSTC, CITIDEL
• Case Study: NSDL
• Conclusions
Selected Links• CITIDEL
• www.citidel.org
• NDLTD• www.ndltd.org
• NSDL• www.nsdl.org
• Virginia Tech Digital Library Courseware• http://ei.cs.vt.edu/~dlib
• Virginia Tech Digital Library Research Laboratory (DLRL)• http://www.dlib.vt.edu• (5S, 5SL, AmericanSouth.Org, CSTC, ENVISION, MARIAN,
NDLTD, NSDL, OAI, ODL)
Advancing Education
CommunityBuilding
DigitalLibraries
EducationalResources
Sharing
through
supported by
Conclusions
• Digital libraries can help advance education.
• Chile is invited to engage in NSDL, CITIDEL, NDLTD, and other ventures.
• UNESCO Analytical Survey on Digital Libraries in Education is recommending DLE in each nation.
• Local and national support can• stimulate activities, including collaboration• promote a sharing culture, especially in research and teaching• leverage others’ investments (networking, computing, …)• encourage / facilitate learning, innovation and problem solving