EclipseCon 2010 Bernhard Merkle Textualmodelingtools penalty

Bernhard Merkle Eclipse Textual Modeling Tools: Page: 1

Bernhard Merkle

Research & Development

Software-Engineering

SICK-AG Waldkirch/DE

mailto: Bernhard.Merkle@gmail.com

contact on linkedin.com or xing.com

Textual Modeling Tools

overview &

penalty shoot-out

Traffic and Luggage Control

DARPA: Urban/Grand Challenge

Google Street View

Catchy title ☺☺☺☺

Outline of talk:

– DSL overview and classification

• textual, graphical, tabular, external, internal

• a real world DSL

• classification/feature model

– Language Workbenches

• Xtext, TEF, TCS, EMFText

• Others: Monticore, Codeworker, IMP

• MPS

• Others: DSL2JDT, ETMOP, CAL

Textual DSL

SELECT firstname, lastName from employeewhere age = 42;

([+-]?[0-9]*) | ([A-Z][a-z]+)

public Collection<Student> findByNameAge (String name, int age, {

return em.createNamedQuery("Student.findByNameAge") .setParameter("name", name) .setParameter("age", age).setFirstResult(1) .setMaxResults(30) .setHint("hintName", "hintValue") .getResultList();

DSL: Chess

DSL: Chess P e2 – e4

p g7 – g5

Knight at b2 moves to c3

pawn at f7 moves to f5

Q d1 – h5

Concrete Syntax

Constraints !!!

Abstract Syntax

DSL Language

classification

Feature model for DSL

Language Transformation Tool Process

Mandatory Feature

Optional Feature

Alternative Features

Inclusive-or Features

Notation (FODA)

[1] Langlois 2007

Language Features

Abstract Syntax

ASG AST Dependency

Metamodel Composition

Language

Concrete Syntax

Text Graphic

AS2CS Style

Wizard Table SpecificRepresentation

Imperative DeclarativeRepresentation

[1] Langlois 2007

Criteria…

Language (abstract and concrete syntax)

– LA-AS1. abstract syntax tree or abstract syntax graph

– LA-AS2. grammar or meta-model

– LA-AS3. can be composed

– LA-CS1. technique to map abstract syntax to concrete syntax

– LA-CS2. representation (text, graphic, ...) for concrete syntax

– LA-CS3. declarative or imperative style

[2] Pichler

Transformation: Target AssetDSL

Specification Target Asset OperationalTransformation

Target Asset

Representation

Model Text Graphic Binary SpecificRepresentation

Asset Update AssetIntegration

Destructive Incremental

Asset Lifecycle

Software Artifact, result of the transformation

Assembling and Packaging

Target Assets

Destroyed & created at each

generation

Synchronization source/target

[1] Langlois 2007

Transformation: Operational Trafo

Specification

Target Asset OperationalTransformation

External

OperationalTransformation

Environment

Internal

TransformationExecution

Compilation Interpretation

Implicit Explicit

TransformationScheduling

Phasing

Location

Internal External

Automation Level

Manual Automated

Ordering Transformation

TransformationTechnique

M2M M2T T2T T2M

Model/TextTechnique

Techniques realizing the

AS2TA transformation

Variability

Stage Technique

Specification,Generation /

interpretation, Compilation, Integration,

Deployment, Execution

[1] Langlois 2007

Criteria…

Transformation (target asset/operational translation)

– TR-TA1. target asset (model, text, graphic, binary)

– TR-TA2. destructive or incremental update

– TR-TA3. kind of support for integration of target assets

– TR-OT1. transformation techniques (M→M, M→T, T→T, T→M)

– TR-OT2. transformation by compilation or interpretation

– TR-OT3. internal or external environment for transformation

– TR-OT4. implicit or explicit scheduling

– TR-OT5. internal or external location

– TR-OT6. automation level (manual or automated)

[2] Pichler

Tool FeaturesDSL

DSL Tool

Respect of Abstraction

Intrusivetransformation

Seamlesstransformation

Quality Factor

Functionality

Usability

Reliability

Efficiency

Maintainability

Portability

Assistance

Process Guidance

Step Workflow

Adaptive Checking

Completeness Consistency

Static

User has to be aware of internal transformation mechanisms & details

or/and solution

Transformation and solutions mechanisms &

details are completely encapsulated

Guiding the DSL Tool user during definition and

transformation of domain data

Non-Functional aspects of the DSL Tool

[1] Langlois 2007

Criteria…

Tool (respect of abstraction, assistance)

– TO-RA1. respect of abstraction (intrusive or seamless)

– TO-AS1. kind of assistance (static or adaptive)

– TO-AS2. process guidance (step or workflow)

– TO-AS3. checking (completeness or consistency)

Omitted

– Quality factors

– Process features

[2] Pichler

Language

Workbench

DSL Tools with textual modeling

TEF (Textual Editing Framework)

TCS (Textual Concrete Syntax)

EMFText

JetBrains MPS

MontiCore, CodeWorker, IMP

DSL2JDT, ETMOP, CAL

TMF Xtext (predessor oAW Xtext)

– http://xtext.org

– http://wiki.eclipse.org/TMF

TEF Textual Editing Framework

– http://www2.informatik.hu-berlin.de/sam/meta-tools/tef

– http://developer.berlios.de/projects/tef/

TCS Textual Concrete Syntax

– http://wiki.eclipse.org/index.php/TCS

– http://www.sciences.univ-nantes.fr/lina/atl/www/

EMFText

– http://emftext.org

– http://st.inf.tu-dresden.de/reuseware/index.php/EMFText

JetBrains MPS

– http://www.jetbrains.com/mps

– Konstantin Solomatov

MontiCore

– http://www.monticore.de

– RWTH Aachen, Academic

CodeWorker

– http://www.codeworker.org/

– Cédric Lemaire

– http://eclipse-imp.sourceforge.net/

– Robert M. Fuhrer

White: “Mayfield”

Black: “Trinks”

P e2 – e4

p g7 – g5

Knight at b2 moves to c3

pawn at f7 moves to f5

Q d1 – h5

Chess for…

Xtext: Chess Language

Xtext + Demo

– TMF/Xtext precusor (oAW/Xtext)

– Itemis, 6 fulltime committers

– AS+CS in xtext file � ecore

– Import existing MM, (multiple)

– Used for buckminster, b3, …

– Editor for each language is MM aware

– Languages for

• Validation (java, chk)

• Template (xPand) (JET, Accello)

• Workflow (mwe)

– Generated Editor fully customizable

Grammar+Model

Xtext Grammarchess.xtext

MWE WorkflowGenerateChess.mwe

ASGchess.ecore

ANTRL gen Scanner+Parser

CSchess.xmi

Run workflow

Editor

Workflow generated:

Outline, contentassistLabeling, Extensions,

Developer modifiable:

Outline, contentassistLabeling, Extensions,

Generator

Workflow ChessGenerator.mwe

xPand TemplatesTemplate.xpt

Extensions.ext

Formatting, Scoping, validation

Xtext: Chess Editor + Demo

– Several eclipse projects based on Xtext

• B3, buckminster, …

– Tons of useful features

• Language: Validation + Scoping

• Editor: Formatting, Syntax highlighting, Code completion,

Navigation, Reference, Decorators, Folding, Bracket maching,

Auto editing, Styled Label Providers, Find References, Open Xtext

Element, Error Tick, Quickfix support, Case-insensitive keywords

Duplicate name validation, Content Assist in Grammar (great !),

Splitting ANTLR generated parser, API adoptions to EMF style,

referencing java elements, etc…

Technical properties

– Currently one of the leading Eclipse TMF

Documentation

– Newsgroup, mailing list

– Screencasts, Tutorials,

– Book forthcoming ?

Status

– Actively developed by itemis

– Commercial training and support available

– NO language Zoo (yet ;-)

TEF: Chess Language

TEF + Demo

– Humboldt University Berlin

– PhD. of Markus Scheidgen

– Low activity ATM

– AS in ecore, CS in etslt

– Import existing MM

– EMF Impl+Edit+Editor

– 3 extension points

– EMF VF

Grammar+Model

TEF Grammarchess.etslt

ASGChess.ecore

EMFChess ImplChess Edit

Chess Editor

RunCCScanner+Parser

(interpret RUNTIME)

EMF/genmodel

Editor

Extension Points:

Text Editor

Model EditorPopup Editor (embedded)

Generator

TEF: Chess Editor + (Text + Model)

Highlight (personal)

– The first with converging editors (graphical+textual)

– RunCC, parser generator at runtime

– 3 editors: textual, modelbased+embedded

Specification features

– syntax defintion language TSL

Editor:

– Syntax highlighting

– Context sensitive code assists

– Occurrences and navigation

– Context information

– Error annotation

TCS: Chess Language (AS)

TCS: Chess Language (CS)

– Univ. Nantes

– ATLAS project

– AS in km3, CS in tcs

– Import existing MM

– No EMF Impl+Edit+Editor

– Interpret as much aspossible, avoid CG

– Used in ATL2

Grammar+Model

TCS Grammarchess.tcs

ASGChess.km3

ASGChess.ecore

ANTLR Scanner+Parser

chess.g

“on save…”

Editor

Generic Editor TGE

Generator

TCS: Chess Editor + Demo

– Avoid code generation if possible

– Very flexible, short turnaround as avoids codegen

– Abstract Syntax also textual (KM3)

– KM3, TCS

– ATL is based on TCS

Documentation

– TCS User Manual

– Lots of papers (but no getting started)

Status

– Large Language Zoo (About 30)

– http://wiki.eclipse.org/TCS/Zoo

– Tool is selfhosting

EMFtext

EMFText: Chess Language (AS)

EMFText: Chess Language (CS)

EMFText

– Univ. Dresden

– reuse.org project

– AS in ecore3, CS in cs

– Import multiple existing AS

– Import multiple existing CS

– EMF Impl+Edit+Editor

– Valiation

Grammar+Model

EMFText Grammarchess.cs

ASGChess.ecore

ANTLR Scanner+Parser

chess.g

ANT, partially automated in cs

Editor

Generated Editor:Resolver,Analysis,MOPP,UI, Util

Generator

Developer can overwrite

EMFText: Chess Editor + Demo

EMFText

– Generated code does not contain dependencies to EMFText

– Automatic generation of default syntaxes

– Modular specification

(Support for abstract syntaxes and syntax imports)

– Default reference resolving mechanisms

– Comprehensive syntax analysis

EMFTextEditors:

– Outline View

– Customizable Syntax Highlighting

– Occurence Highlighting

– Code Completion

– Advanced bracket handling

– Hyperlinks

– Texthovers

– Instant error reporting

Documentation

– Mailing list

– Documentation, tutorials

Status

– Actively developed by Univ. Dresden

– Large language Zoo (about 50 syntax)

– “Language Oriented Programming”

– AS: specified by concepts

– CS: specified by editor

– No parsing problem: cell based editing

– Base Languages for Java, C#

– mpscmindstorms for NXT

– YouTrack (+other IntelliJ products)

Grammar+Model

CS“Editor”

AST“Structure”

Editor

Generated Editor:used in “solution”

Generator

Constraint,Typesystem

Generated Generator:used in “solution”

CTRL-F9

MPS: Chess Editor + Demo

– Cell based editor on AST, no parser errors ☺

– Higher learning curve, but once used to amazingly fast

Documentation

– Newsgroup

– Documentation, tutorials

Status

– Actively developed Jetbrains

– Future Jetbrains products based on, new Bugtracker

(YouTrack) based on

Others…

Additional: DSL2JDT

Additional: ETMOP

Additional: CAL

Compare…

Language: AS/CS

Transformation: TA / OT

Additional Aspects…

(Generated) Language Editor

Note: additional features on roadmap ;-)

Fast turnaround

Editor++

Combine views

(text/graph)

Workflow

Validation ! (EVF, OCL)

Proprietary but powerful

Debugging Interpreter is…

Large models

Distributed models

UUID vs. Names

Evolution

Pictures under CC license from flickr:

1191285966_d701fcb1c3_b_flickr_bluemeat.jpg

3425532267_bd74526b23_b_flickr_tiwo.jpg

1813471845_5a4be999dc_o_flickr_thatcanadiangrrl.jpg

2401122677_c25dea1233_b_flickr_EnglishGirlAbroad.jpg

501709581_f3729ceaeb_b_flickr.jpg

and pictures from istockphoto.com

Textual Modeling Tools

overview &

penalty shoot-out

Bernhard Merkle

Research & Development

Software-Engineering

SICK-AG Waldkirch/DE

mailto: Bernhard.Merkle@gmail.com

contact on linkedin.com or xing.com

EclipseCon 2010 Bernhard Merkle Textualmodelingtools penalty

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