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Earth Materials and Objects Earth Materials and Objects in the Skyin the Sky

Identify the physical characteristics of the Earth and compare them to the physical

characteristics of the moon.(5.12 C)

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Vocabulary TermsVocabulary Terms• Revolve - To travel in a closed path around an

object, such as Earth does as it moves around the Sun.

• Rotate - The spinning of an object, such as the Earth, on its axis.

• Orbit - The path one body in space takes as it revolves around another body, such as that of Earth as it revolves around the sun.

• Axis - An imaginary line that passes through Earth’s center and its North and South poles.

• Atmosphere - The layer of air that surrounds and protects Earth.

• Gravity - The tendency of two masses to move toward one another.

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Vocabulary TermsVocabulary Terms• Mass - The amount of matter in an object.

• Weight - A measure of the pull of gravity on an object.

• Crater - A depression formed by the impact of a meteorite.

• Meteors - A mass of rock from space that burns up upon entering the Earth’s atmosphere.

• Meteorite - A mass of rock from space that passed through the Earth’s atmosphere and reached the surface.

• Erosion - The process of moving sediment from one place to another.

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Comparing the Earth to the Moon:Comparing the Earth to the Moon:CratersCraters

• Both the Earth and the moon have craters.

• The moon has many more craters than the Earth.

• Most meteors burn up in the atmosphere before they reach the Earth’s Surface. Why does the moon have Why does the moon have

more craters than the Earth?more craters than the Earth?

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Mass vs. WeightMass vs. Weight

MassMass is the amount of matter in an object.

WeightWeight is the measure of the pull of gravity on an object.

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How much would a 50 kg person weigh on the moon?How much would a 50 kg person weigh on the moon?

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Earth and Moon: SizeEarth and Moon: SizeThe moon is about 1/4th the size of the Earth’s diameter.

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Earth and Moon: Support Life?Earth and Moon: Support Life?• Earth’s atmosphere is composed of 78%

nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 0.9% argon, 0.03% carbon dioxide, and trace amounts of other gases. Living things need oxygen and carbon dioxide to survive.

• Water is also needed for survival.• The moon does not have water or the

gases needed to survive.

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AtmosphereAtmosphere

• The layers of gases surrounding the Earth are called the atmosphere.

• The moon does not have an atmosphere.

Fast Fact:

The atmosphere protects the Earth from extreme temperatures. It holds heat

within the atmosphere and blocks many of the dangerous Ultraviolet rays from

the Sun.

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Earth’s AtmosphereEarth’s Atmosphere

• Our atmosphere, along with energy from the Sun, produce weather on Earth’s surface.

• We experience wind and precipitation due to our atmosphere.

• Our atmosphere also protects us from meteors. Most of them burn up in the atmosphere before reaching the surface.

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Earth and Moon: Surface ErosionEarth and Moon: Surface Erosion

• Winds and rain cause surface erosion on the Earth’s surface.

• The moon does not have an atmosphere, therefore the moon does not have wind and rain.

Fast Fact:

The footprints left on the moon’s surface by astronaut’s Buzz Aldrin and

Neil Armstrong remain intact and unchanged.

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• The temperatures on the Earth are mild.

• The Earth has water, which is needed to support life.

• Winds and rain cause surface erosion on Earth.

• The Earth has fewer impact craters than the moon.

• The temperature on the moon can vary several hundred degrees celsius.

• The moon does not have liquid water.

• Erosion does not take place on the moon.

• The moon has more impact craters than the Earth.

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INTERACTIVE GAME SHOWINTERACTIVE GAME SHOW

AALL LL AABOUT BOUT TTHE HE EEARTH ARTH

AAND ND MMOONOON

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Game InstructionsGame Instructions1. Divide into teams of 4-5 students.2. Choose a column and number for

your team’s question. Example: I’ll take column 2 for 300 points!

3. After the question is read aloud your team will have 45 seconds to give your answer. (Work quietly)

4. If you miss the question the remaining groups can write down their answer to steal the points.

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Game Instructions (continued)Game Instructions (continued)

5.5. Game play continues until all questions Game play continues until all questions have been answered.have been answered.

6.6. Click on the FINAL QUESTION button. All Click on the FINAL QUESTION button. All teams will have an opportunity to write their teams will have an opportunity to write their answers on a sheet of paper. The teacher answers on a sheet of paper. The teacher will check all answers for accuracy. You will check all answers for accuracy. You may risk as many points as you have may risk as many points as you have earned for the final question!earned for the final question!

7.7. Add up the points to determine the team Add up the points to determine the team with the most points.with the most points.

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Game Instructions for Single Game Instructions for Single PlayersPlayers

1. Choose a column and number for a question.2. If you get the answer correct, you receive the

points for that question. If you answer the question incorrectly, you lose the points for the question.

3. Continue playing until you have answered all of the questions.

Example: Let’s say that you have 200 points. You incorrectly answer a question worth 100 points. You would lose 100 points from your total.

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500 500 500

400 400 400

300 300 300

200 200 200

100 100 100

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_________ means to travel in _________ means to travel in a closed path around an a closed path around an object such as Earth does as object such as Earth does as it moves around the Sun.it moves around the Sun.

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_______ is the process of moving sediment from one place to another.

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__________ is the spinning of Earth on its axis.

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The ____________ is the layer of air that surrounds Earth.

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A ________ is a mass of rock from space that burns up upon entering the Earth’s atmosphere.

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_________ is the tendency of two masses moving toward one another.

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_______ is the amount of matter in an object.

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A _________ is a depression formed by the impact of a meteorite.

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Footprints left on the moon’s surface will remain there for millions of years, but footprints left on Earth’s surface will disappear within a few days. Explain why this is true.

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Explain why our atmosphere is important to us on Earth?

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How does the size of the moon compare to the size of the Earth?

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An astronaut takes a rock from Earth to the moon. Describe how the rock’s mass and weight were affected by this change.

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Why does the temperatures on the moon vary several hundred degrees during a normal day?

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Describe the difference between mass and weight.

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The moon has many more craters than the Earth. Explain why.

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Write a paragraph explaining why the Earth contains life and the moon does not.